tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-61099556098445883802024-03-19T04:27:37.931-07:00TARCOTECA counterinfoJoin the Resistance, contact your local groups! tarcoteca@riseup.netPablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.comBlogger245125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-1918379653482368882022-10-07T03:48:00.005-07:002022-10-07T03:48:51.693-07:00🔴 FREE ASSANGE HUMAN CHAIN - SAT 8th OCT 🔴 #FreeAssangeNow<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoEKtCCXvcs7A_3s1YMww3palUw7FCsYk6mOToy-H9ZbIF76vOKZTzxu-vc7YjRBi_ydH94HoMsXCbUZbsoH_qYCjfJDaCQJsQqzTj_DkdBmB7-b2VIEL1-HU16sLp21tMISPLUaKdUWklO4_GWiv1at-5YoFHn3wRGmNLOK7GusAKE3zfFgOHx3QI/s625/chain-dea-1024x654.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="399" data-original-width="625" height="204" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoEKtCCXvcs7A_3s1YMww3palUw7FCsYk6mOToy-H9ZbIF76vOKZTzxu-vc7YjRBi_ydH94HoMsXCbUZbsoH_qYCjfJDaCQJsQqzTj_DkdBmB7-b2VIEL1-HU16sLp21tMISPLUaKdUWklO4_GWiv1at-5YoFHn3wRGmNLOK7GusAKE3zfFgOHx3QI/s320/chain-dea-1024x654.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMTbAbLuKyi44zZjJlFoPSZ86J5yvXDaBOPb7TO0SNd-WUqXhdVt15kqG4Z686n9Gj_NauGWYbkSTSibRL2B3Ar6gQFfmxTeJGfYxBISISkevlvPS_cOUokm-tPAHVgB65U1woBPuZ1IUp7OOKRkyupjL3LCkbhXLoKJysn8NeJbVbHFb0k6ylBMRu/s632/FeUgn6wWIAEUxf6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="355" data-original-width="632" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMTbAbLuKyi44zZjJlFoPSZ86J5yvXDaBOPb7TO0SNd-WUqXhdVt15kqG4Z686n9Gj_NauGWYbkSTSibRL2B3Ar6gQFfmxTeJGfYxBISISkevlvPS_cOUokm-tPAHVgB65U1woBPuZ1IUp7OOKRkyupjL3LCkbhXLoKJysn8NeJbVbHFb0k6ylBMRu/s320/FeUgn6wWIAEUxf6.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><h1 style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">🔴 FREE ASSANGE HUMAN CHAIN - SAT 8th OCT 🔴 #FreeAssangeNow</span></h1><div><span style="font-size: medium;">Source - </span><a href="https://arrezafe.blogspot.com/2022/10/free-assange-human-chain-sat-8th-oct.html">a r r e z a f e: 🔴 FREE ASSANGE HUMAN CHAIN - SAT 8th OCT 🔴</a> 6.10.2022</div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-4939132629293083582022-09-11T15:39:00.010-07:002022-09-11T15:39:57.307-07:00The Legacy of the St. Imier Congress<br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyiRLrTzO26vUSqAxsdvT3PuiR8qc1V6plNiyPn-ztAChJLd9vliJZIPPar9fVkApWDQgFhGl5FRNqrx2R4Mu-_3sEyC4j4niEDOxQ52G7isDXNhy9D0lJHr6vW2s2e2BpBkTIQse0y7HCZoGV2f-Yv0ZKxcTZxisA9UQ_318y1yv11r_sbFsIGG90/s791/anarchy-2023-560px-1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="791" data-original-width="560" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyiRLrTzO26vUSqAxsdvT3PuiR8qc1V6plNiyPn-ztAChJLd9vliJZIPPar9fVkApWDQgFhGl5FRNqrx2R4Mu-_3sEyC4j4niEDOxQ52G7isDXNhy9D0lJHr6vW2s2e2BpBkTIQse0y7HCZoGV2f-Yv0ZKxcTZxisA9UQ_318y1yv11r_sbFsIGG90/s320/anarchy-2023-560px-1.png" width="227" /></a></div>This September 15th marks the 150th anniversary of the St. Imier Congress in Switzerland, when delegates representing sections of the <a href="https://robertgraham.wordpress.com/we-do-not-fear-anarchy-we-invoke-it-a-summary/">International Workingmen’s Association</a> reconstituted the International along anti-authoritarian lines, following the expulsion of <a href="https://robertgraham.wordpress.com/bakunin-bicentennial-1814-2014/">Michael Bakunin</a> and <a href="https://robertgraham.wordpress.com/2016/05/29/from-anarchism-to-syndicalism-the-journey-of-james-guillaume/">James Guillaume</a> from the International at the behest of Marx and Engels at the Hague Congress on September 7, 1872. I prepared the following article on the St. Imier Congress and its aftermath for <a href="https://irp.cdn-website.com/3fa68967/files/uploaded/BlackFlag-vol2-no2.pdf">Black Flag Anarchist Review’s Summer 2022 issue </a>on anarchism and the First International. The special conference to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the St. Imier Congress has been postponed to July 2023:<a href="https://anarchy2023.org/en">www.Anarchy2023.org</a>.Saint Imier<div><br /></div><div>The St. Imier Congress and the Birth of Revolutionary Anarchism<br /><br />The September 1872 St. Imier Congress of federalist and anti-authoritarian sections and federations of the International Workingmen’s Association (the “IWMA”), otherwise known as the “First International,” marks a watershed moment in the history of socialism and anarchism.<br /><br />Just over a week earlier, at the Hague Congress of the International (September 2 – 7, 1872), Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels had engineered the expulsion of Michael Bakunin and James Guillaume from the International on trumped up grounds, and then had the General Council of the International transferred from London to New York, despite the General Council having been granted increased powers to ensure ideological uniformity. The Hague Congress had also passed a resolution mandating the formation of national political parties for the purpose of achieving political power.<br /><br />While Marx and Engels’ allies at the Hague Congress, notably the French Blanquists (followers of Auguste Blanqui, a radical French socialist who advocated revolutionary dictatorship), had supported the expulsions of Bakunin and Guillaume, they were taken by surprise when Marx and Engels succeeded in transferring the executive power of the International, the General Council, to New York, and had quit the International in disgust. The New York based “International” quickly became an irrelevant rump.<br /> <a href="https://anarchy2023.org/en"></a><div class="separator"><a href="https://anarchy2023.org/en"></a><a href="https://robertgraham.files.wordpress.com/2022/09/saint-imier-936x546-1.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img height="187" src="https://robertgraham.files.wordpress.com/2022/09/saint-imier-936x546-1.jpg?w=936" width="320" /></a></div><div>Much to the surprise and consternation of Marx and Engels, far from neutralizing the federalist and anarchist elements of the International through the expulsion of Bakunin and Guillaume and the transfer of the General Council to New York, these actions helped solidify support for a reconstituted International that embraced federalist principles and rejected centralized power.<br /><br />A majority of the International’s sections and federations did not support the resolutions of the Hague Congress. Barely a week after the Hague Congress, several of them held their own congress in St. Imier, Switzerland, where they reconstituted the International independent of the shell organization now controlled by Marx and Engels through the General Council.<br /><br />The opponents of the Marxist controlled International were united in their opposition to the concentration of power in the General Council, regardless of whether the Council sat in London or New York. They also shared a commitment to directly democratic federalist forms of organization. Some were completely opposed to the formation of working class political parties to achieve state power, while others were opposed to making that a mandatory policy regardless of the views of the membership and local circumstances. The reconstituted anti-authoritarian wing of the International was to have anarchist, syndicalist and, for a time, reformist elements.<br /><br />The St. Imier Congress began on September 15, 1872, just eight days after the Hague Congress. It was attended by delegates from Spain, France, Italy and Switzerland, including Guillaume and Adhémar Schwitzguébel from Switzerland; Carlo Cafiero, Errico Malatesta, Giuseppi Fanelli, and Andrea Costa from Italy; Rafael Farga-Pellicer and Tomás González Morago from Spain; and the French refugees, Charles Alerini, Gustave Lefrançais, and Jean-Louis Pindy. Bakunin, although living in Switzerland, attended as an Italian delegate.<br /><br />A “regional” congress of the Swiss Jura Federation was held in conjunction with the “international” congress, with many of the same delegates, plus members of the Slav Section, such as Zamfir Arbore (who went under the name of Zemphiry Ralli) and other French speaking delegates, including Charles Beslay, an old friend of Proudhon’s who went into exile in Switzerland after the brutal suppression of the Paris Commune in 1871. <br /><br />Virtually all of the participants were either anarchists or revolutionary socialist federalists, and many of them went on to play important roles in the development of anarchist and revolutionary socialist movements in Europe.<br /><br />The assembled delegates adopted a federalist structure for a reconstituted International (or the “anti-authoritarian International”), with full autonomy for the sections, declaring that “nobody has the right to deprive autonomous federations and sections of their incontrovertible right to decide for themselves and to follow whatever line of political conduct they deem best.” For them, “the aspirations of the proletariat can have no purpose other than the establishment of an absolutely free economic organization and federation, founded upon the labour and equality of all and absolutely independent of all political government.” Consequently, turning the Hague Congress resolution regarding the formation of political parties for the purpose of achieving political power on its head, they proclaimed that “the destruction of all political power is the first duty of the proletariat.”<br /><br />With respect to organized resistance to capitalism, the delegates to the St. Imier Congress affirmed their position that the organization of labour, through trade unions and other working class forms of organization, “integrates the proletariat into a community of interests, trains it in collective living and prepares it for the supreme struggle,” through which “the privilege and authority” maintained and represented by the State will be replaced by “the free and spontaneous organization of labour.”<br /><br />While the anti-authoritarian Internationalists entertained no illusions regarding the efficacy of strikes in ameliorating the condition of the workers, they regarded “the strike as a precious weapon in the struggle.” They embraced strikes “as a product of the antagonism between labour and capital, the necessary consequence of which is to make workers more and more alive to the gulf that exists between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat,” bolstering their organizations and preparing them “for the great and final revolutionary contest which, destroying all privilege and all class difference, will bestow upon the worker a right to the enjoyment of the gross product of his labours.”<br /><br />Here we have the subsequent program of anarcho-syndicalism: the organization of workers into trade unions and similar bodies, based on class struggle, through which the workers will become conscious of their class power, ultimately resulting in the destruction of capitalism and the state, to be replaced by the free federation of the workers based on the organizations they created themselves during their struggle for liberation.<br /><br />The resolutions from the St. Imier Congress received statements of support from the Italian, Spanish, Jura, Belgian and some of the English speaking American federations of the International, with most of the French sections also approving them. In Holland, three out of the four Dutch branches sided with the Jura Federation and the St. Imier Congress. The English Federation, resentful of Marx’s attempts to keep it under his control, rejected “the decisions of the Hague Congress and the so-called General Council of New York.” While the longtime English member of the International, John Hales, did not support revolution, he advised the Jura Federation that he agreed with them on “the principle of Federalism.” At a congress of the Belgian Federation in December 1872, the delegates there also repudiated the Hague Congress and the General Council, supporting instead the “defenders of pure revolutionary ideas, Anarchists, enemies of all authoritarian centralisation and indomitable partisans of autonomy.”<br /><br />However, there was a tension in the resolutions adopted at the St. Imier Congress. On the one hand, one resolution asserted the “incontrovertible right” of the International’s autonomous federations and sections “to decide for themselves and to follow whatever line of political conduct they deem best.” On the other hand, another resolution asserted that “the destruction of all political power is the first duty of the proletariat.”<br /><br />The resolution regarding the autonomy of the federations and sections in all matters, including political action, was meant to maintain the International as a pluralist federation where each member group was free to follow their own political approach, so that both advocates of participation in electoral activity and proponents of revolutionary change could co-exist.<br /><br />However, the call for the destruction of all political power expressed an anarchist position. The two resolutions could only be reconciled if the destruction of political power was not necessarily the “first duty of the proletariat,” but could also be regarded as a more distant goal to be achieved gradually, along with “the free and spontaneous organization of labour.”<br /><br />The tension between these two resolutions continued to exist within the reconstituted International for several years. James Guillaume supported political pluralism within the International and sought to convince some of the sections and federations that had gone along with Marx, such as the Social Democrats in Germany, to rejoin the anti-authoritarian International, and to keep the English Internationalists who had rejected Marx’s centralist approach, such as Hales, within the reconstituted International.<br /><br />Although the German Social Democrats never officially joined the reconstituted International, two German delegates attended the 1874 Brussels Congress. English delegates attended both the September 1873 Geneva Congress and the September 1874 Brussels Congress, where there was an important debate regarding political strategy, including whether there was any positive role for the state.<br /><br />The Geneva Congress in September 1873 was the first full congress of the reconstituted International. It was attended by delegates from England, France, Spain, Italy, Holland, Belgium and Switzerland. The English delegates, John Hales and Johann Georg Eccarius (Marx’s former lieutenant), had been members of the original International. They were interested in reviving the International as an association of workers’ organizations, and in disavowing the Marxist controlled General Council and International that had been transferred by Marx and Engels to New York. They had not become anarchists, as Hales made clear by declaring anarchism “tantamount to individualism… the foundation of the extant form of society, the form we desire to overthrow.” Accordingly, from his perspective, anarchism was “incompatible with collectivism” (a term which at the time was synonymous with socialism). <br /><br />The Spanish delegate, José Garcia Viñas, responded that anarchy did not mean disorder, as the bourgeois claimed, but the negation of political authority and the organization of a new economic order. Paul Brousse, a French refugee who had recently joined the Jura Federation in Switzerland, agreed, arguing that anarchy meant the abolition of the governmental regime and its replacement by a collectivist economic organization based on contracts between the communes, the workers and the collective organizations of the workers, a position that can be traced back to Proudhon.<br /><br />Most of the delegates to the Congress were anti-authoritarian federalists, and the majority of them were clearly anarchist in orientation, including “Farga-Pellicer from Spain, Pindy and Brousse from France, Costa from Italy, and Guillaume and Schwitzguebel from Switzerland.” Also within the anarchist camp were Garcia Viñas from Spain, who was close to Brousse, Charles Alerini, a French refugee now based in Barcelona associated with Bakunin, Nicholas Zhukovsky, the Russian expatriate who remained close to Bakunin, François Dumartheray (1842-1931), another French refugee who had joined the Jura Federation, Jules Montels (1843-1916), a former provincial delegate of the Commune who was responsible for distributing propaganda in France on behalf of the exiled group, the Section of Revolutionary Socialist Propaganda and Action, and two of the Belgian delegates, Laurent Verrycken and Victor Dave.<br /><br />The American Federal Council sent a report to the Congress, in which it indicated its support for the anti-authoritarian International. The Americans were in favour of freedom of initiative for the members, sections, branches and federations of the International, and agreed with limiting any general council to purely administrative functions. They felt that it should be up to each group to determine their own tactics and strategies for revolutionary transformation. They concluded their address with “Long live the social revolution! Long live the International.”<br /><br />At the 1873 Geneva Congress, it was ultimately agreed to adopt a form of organization based on that followed by the Jura Federation, with a federal bureau to be established that “would be concerned only with collecting statistics and maintaining international correspondence.” As a further safeguard against the federal bureau coming to exercise authority over the various sections and branches, it was to “be shifted each year to the country where the next International Congress would be held.”<br /><br />The delegates continued the practice of voting in accordance with the mandates that had been given to them by their respective federations. Because the International was now a federation of autonomous groups, each national federation was given one vote and the statutes were amended to explicitly provide that questions of principle could not be decided by a vote. It was up to each federation to determine its own policies and to implement those decisions of the congress that it accepted.<br /><br />Eccarius also attended the next Congress in Brussels in September 1874 as the English delegate. He and the two German delegates remained in favour of a workers’ state and participation in conventional politics, such as parliamentary elections.<br /><br />The most significant debate at the Brussels Congress was the one over public services. César De Paepe, on behalf of the Belgians, argued that if public services were turned over to the workers’ associations, or “companies,” the people would simply “have the grim pleasure of substituting a worker aristocracy for a bourgeois aristocracy” since the worker companies, “enjoying a natural or artificial monopoly… would dominate the whole economy.” Neither could all public services be undertaken by local communes, since “the most important of them,” such as railways, highways, river and water management, and communications, “are by their very nature fated to operate over a territory larger than that of the Commune.” Such intercommunal public services would therefore have to be run by delegates appointed by the federated communes. De Paepe claimed that the “regional or national Federation of communes” would constitute a “non-authoritarian State… charged with educating the young and centralizing the great joint undertakings.”<br /><br />However, De Paepe took his argument one step further, suggesting that “the reconstitution of society upon the foundation of the industrial group, the organization of the state from below upwards, instead of being the starting point and the signal of the revolution, might not prove to be its more or less remote result… We are led to enquire whether, before the groupings of the workers by industry is sufficiently advanced, circumstances may not compel the proletariat of the large towns to establish a collective dictatorship over the rest of the population, and this for a sufficiently long period to sweep away whatever obstacles there may be to the emancipation of the working class. Should this happen, it seems obvious that one of the first things which such a collective dictatorship would have to do would be to lay hands on all the public services.” <br /><br />De Paepe’s position was opposed by several delegates, including at least one of the Belgians, Laurent Verrycken. He spoke against any workers’ state, arguing that public services should be organized by “the free Commune and the free Federation of communes,” with the execution of the services being undertaken by the workers who provided them under the supervision of the general association of workers within the Commune, and by the Communes in a regional federation of Communes. Farga Pellicer (“Gomez”), on behalf of the Spanish Federation, said that “for a long time they had generally pronounced themselves in favour of anarchy, such that they would be opposed to any reorganization of public services that would lead to the reconstitution of the state.” For him, a “federation of communes” should not be referred to as a “state,” because the latter word represented “the political idea, authoritarian and governmental,” as De Paepe’s comments regarding the need for a “collective dictatorship” revealed. <br /><br />The most vocal opponent of De Paepe’s proposal was Schwitzguébel from the Jura Federation. He argued that the social revolution would be accomplished by the workers themselves “assuming direct control of the instruments of labor;” thus, “right from the first acts of the Revolution, the practical assertion of the principle of autonomy and federation… becomes the basis of all social combination,” with “all State institutions,” the means by “which the bourgeoisie sustains its privileges,” foundering in the “revolutionary storm.” With “the various trades bodies” being “masters of the situation,” having “banded together freely for revolutionary action, the workers will stick to such free association when it comes to organization of production, exchange, commerce, training and education, health, and security.”<br /><br />On the issue of political action, the Belgian delegates to the Brussels Congress continued to advocate working outside of the existing political system, albeit partly because they did not yet have universal suffrage in Belgium. Nevertheless, they claimed they did not expect anything from the suffrage or from parliament, and that they would continue to organize the workers into the trades bodies and federations through which the working class would bring about the social revolution, revealing that, as a group, the Belgian Federation did not yet share De Paepe’s doubts that the free federation of the producers would not be the means, but only the result, of a revolution.<br /><br />The French delegate indicated that the French Internationalists remained anti-political, seeking to unite the workers “through incessant propaganda,” not to conquer power, but “to achieve the negation of all political government,” organizing themselves for “the true social revolution.” <br /><br />The Congress ultimately declared that it was up to each federation and each democratic socialist party to determine for themselves what kind of political approach they should follow. Nevertheless, it is fair to say that as of September 1874, the majority of the anti-authoritarian International continued to embrace an anarchist or revolutionary syndicalist position. At the end of the 1874 Brussels Congress, the delegates issued a manifesto confirming their commitment to collectivism, workers’ autonomy, federalism and social revolution; in a word, nothing less than the original goal of the International itself: “the emancipation of the workers by the workers themselves.”<br /><br />By the time of the October 1876 Bern Congress, the English had ceased participating in the anti-authoritarian International. The debate over the “public service” state continued, with De Paepe now openly advocating that the workers “seize and use the powers of the State” in order to create a socialist society. Most of the delegates rejected De Paepe’s position, including Guillaume and Malatesta. <br /><br />Malatesta argued for “the complete abolition of the state in all its possible manifestations.” While Guillaume and some of the other veteran anti-authoritarians liked to avoid the “anarchist” label, Malatesta declared that “Anarchy, the struggle against all authority … always remains the banner around which the whole of revolutionary Italy rallies.” Both Malatesta and Guillaume made clear that in rejecting the state, even in a “transitional” role, they were not advocating the abolition of public services, as De Paepe implied, but their reorganization by the workers themselves. <br /><br />In September 1877, the anti-authoritarian International held a congress in Verviers, Belgium, which was to be its last. Guillaume and Peter Kropotkin, now a member of the Jura Federation, attended from Switzerland. The French refugees, Paul Brousse and Jules Montels, also attended. In addition, there were Garcia Viñas and Morago from Spain. Otto Rinke and Emil Werner, both anarchists, “represented sections in both Switzerland and Germany, while there was a strong delegation from the Verviers region, the last stronghold of anarchism in Belgium.” Costa represented Greek and Egyptian socialists who were unable to attend, as well as the Italian Federation. <br /><br />De Paepe did not attend the Congress, as he was preparing for his rapprochement with social democracy and parliamentary politics at the World Socialist Congress that was about to begin in Ghent. In anticipation of the Ghent Congress, the delegates to the Verviers Congress passed several resolutions emphasizing the limited bases for cooperation between the now predominantly anarchist oriented anti-authoritarian International and the social democrats. For the Verviers delegates, collective property, which they defined as “the taking of possession of social capital by the workers’ groups” rather than by the State, was an immediate necessity, not a “far-off ideal.” <br /><br />On the issue of political action, the delegates indicated that class antagonism could not be resolved by government or some other political power, but only “by the unified efforts of all the exploited against their exploiters.” They vowed to combat all political parties, regardless of “whether or not they call themselves socialists,” because they did not see electoral activity as leading to the abolition of capitalism and the state. While the majority of the delegates therefore supported anti-parliamentary socialism, none of the policies endorsed at the congresses of the reconstituted International were binding on the International’s member groups, who remained free to adopt or reject them.<br /><br />With respect to trade union organization, the delegates confirmed their view that unions that limit their demands to improving working conditions, reducing the working day and increasing wages, “will never bring about the emancipation of the proletariat.” Trade unions, to be revolutionary, must adopt, “as their principal goal, the abolition of the wage system” and “the taking of possession of the instruments of labour by expropriating them” from the capitalists.<br /><br />Unsurprisingly, despite Guillaume’s hopes for reconciliation between the social democratic and revolutionary anarchist wings of the socialist movement, no such reconciliation was reached at the Ghent Congress, or at any subsequent international socialist congresses, with the so-called “Second International” finally barring anarchist membership altogether at its 1896 international congress in London.<br /><br />Despite the formal position taken at the St. Imier Congress regarding the freedom of each member group of the reconstituted International to determine its own political path, reaffirmed at the 1873 Geneva Congress, because the majority of the delegates to the anti-authoritarian International’s congresses, and its most active members, were either anarchists or revolutionary socialists opposed to participation in electoral politics, it was not surprising that eventually those in favour of parliamentary activity would find other forums in which to participate, rather than continuing to debate the issue with people who were not committed to an electoral strategy.<br /><br />Only a minority of member groups in the reconstituted International ever supported or came to support a strategy oriented toward achieving political power – the English delegates, a few of the German delegates who did not officially represent any group, and then a group of Belgians, with the Belgian Federation being split on the issue. Other than the debate on the “public service state,” which again only a minority of delegates supported, most of the discussions at the reconstituted International’s congresses focused on tactics and strategies for abolishing the state and capitalism through various forms of direct action, in order to achieve “the free and spontaneous organization of labour” that the St. Imier Congress had reaffirmed as the International’s ultimate goal.<br /><br />For example, there were ongoing debates within the reconstituted International regarding the role and efficacy of strikes and the use of the general strike as a means for overthrowing the existing order. Any kind of strike activity had the potential to harm the electoral prospects of socialist political parties, an issue that had arisen in the Swiss Romande Federation prior to the split in the original International. Once the focus becomes trying to elect as many socialist or workers’ candidates as possible to political office in order to eventually form a government, the trade unions and other workers’ organizations are then pressured to tailor their tactics to enhance the prospects of the political parties’ electoral success. Both the immediate and long term interests of the workers become subordinate to the interests of the political parties.<br /><br />After socialist parties were established in western Europe in the 1880s, and workers began to see how their interests were being given short shrift, there was a resurgence in autonomous revolutionary trade union activity, leading to the creation of revolutionary syndicalist movements in the 1890s. Some of the syndicalist organizations, such as the French Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT), adopted an “apolitical” stance, similar to the official stance of the reconstituted International. The CGT was independent of the political parties but members were free to support political parties and to participate in electoral activities, just not in the name of the CGT. Independence from the political parties was an essential tenet of the original CGT, so that it could pursue its strategy of revolutionary trade union organization and direct action unimpeded by the demands and interests of the political parties.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://robertgraham.files.wordpress.com/2022/09/we-do-not-fear-anarchy-we-invoke-1.jpg"></a><a href="https://robertgraham.files.wordpress.com/2022/09/we-do-not-fear-anarchy-we-invoke-1.jpg"><img height="320" src="https://robertgraham.files.wordpress.com/2022/09/we-do-not-fear-anarchy-we-invoke-1.jpg?w=683" width="213" /></a></div><div>It is not fair to hold the anarchists and anti-parliamentary revolutionary socialists in the reconstituted International responsible for the exit of the groups that had decided to focus on electoral activity. The majority of the Belgian Internationalists would have changed their strategy from supporting an international federation of autonomous workers’ organizations to supporting the Belgian Socialist party regardless of the refusal of the anarchist and revolutionary socialist members of the reconstituted International to agree with such an approach.<br /><br />The majority of those who chose to remain active in the reconstituted International based on the resolutions adopted at the St. Imier Congress believed above all that the International should not only remain independent of the socialist political parties, but that the International should continue to pursue its goal of achieving “the free and spontaneous organization of labour” through the workers’ own autonomous organizations, free of political interference and control. For those who chose instead to throw their lot in with the political parties, there really wasn’t much reason for them to remain involved in such an organization, even though there was no formal bar to their continued membership and participation. It was simply time for them to part ways.</div><div><br /></div><div>Robert Graham</div><div><br /><div>Source - <a href="https://robertgraham.wordpress.com/2022/09/04/the-legacy-of-the-st-imier-congress/">The Legacy of the St. Imier Congress | Robert Graham's Anarchism Weblog</a> 4.9.2022</div><div style="text-align: center;"></div></div></div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-67623040326189553392022-07-09T14:52:00.005-07:002022-07-09T14:53:33.012-07:00Alex Krainer: The Shocking Truth of the 1938 Munich Agreement. Anglo-German Nazi Connection<div>Alex Krainer: The Shocking Truth of the 1938 Munich Agreement</div>In this presentation, economic analyst, researcher and historian Alex Krainer shed light on the shocking truth of the 1938 Munich Agreement and broader Tripartate agenda for a fascist world order which nearly succeeded before and even during WW2. <div>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Irc7Dh37nEE</div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="300" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Irc7Dh37nEE" title="Alex Krainer: The Shocking Truth of the 1938 Munich Agreement" width="500"></iframe>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-73525065157225652872022-04-19T03:18:00.001-07:002022-04-19T03:18:53.901-07:00Libertarian Geopolitics: it is not Ukraine, the US or Russia, it is the War for the New World to Be Born<h1><span style="font-size: medium;">We thought that this was a dead debate, but due to the avalanche of anti-Russian, pro-Ukrainian, pro-American and pro-NATO anarchist publications, has made us take a brief look at the different situations and conditions to decide which option is more in line with the libertarian ideal and if we anarchist can reach any kind of consensus about.</span></h1><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5ahXmo0gMM2osmeq632NdiCuTPMnf9eWOKfbQ1N7rqQmyuljB3pRYtFrUPLM21PzbIq1Fm7Nmcpvi-aZBFZSehyNTrRkGILk3Oee2q8gypWw8wYM0AB4-2fZQpk_oQMWVLSqZyLEt9YfmKpFYTcMxEYy1LvykTzn9fk4Ka5uzygudP16HfDpqEHOg/s617/anarchist%20agasit%20every%20one.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Libertarian Geopolitics: it is not Ukraine, the US or Russia, it is the War for the New World to Be Born" border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="617" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5ahXmo0gMM2osmeq632NdiCuTPMnf9eWOKfbQ1N7rqQmyuljB3pRYtFrUPLM21PzbIq1Fm7Nmcpvi-aZBFZSehyNTrRkGILk3Oee2q8gypWw8wYM0AB4-2fZQpk_oQMWVLSqZyLEt9YfmKpFYTcMxEYy1LvykTzn9fk4Ka5uzygudP16HfDpqEHOg/w320-h182/anarchist%20agasit%20every%20one.jpg" title="Libertarian Geopolitics: it is not Ukraine, the US or Russia, it is the War for the New World to Be Born" width="320" /></a></div>We must emphasize that we have been surprised by the self-destructive capacity of a movement, the libertarian movement, which, if it continues like this, will simply disappear. <div><br /></div><div>The clash of powers that determines world geopolitics forces us to take a side. We Anarchists cannot talk about the Ukraine war without remembering the 8 years of support we have given to the Dombass people and the Civil War there since 2014. Numerous anarchist comrades went to fight against Ucronazi forces set by NATO. Today our immediate interests coincide, to our regret, with those of Russia. But our goals bring us much further. Don't be scared by the intro, keep reading, please.</div><div><br />
<h2>Supporting the Dombass</h2><div><br /></div>
Briefly, remember that since the fall of the USSR, perhaps before, the fascist forces take control of Ukraine and begin to develop a series of progressively segregating measures, which were preparing the ground to the civil war. In 2014 the <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2014/06/ucrania-otra-muesca-en-la-cuenta-de.html" target="_blank">EuroMaidan</a> riot takes place, in which supporters of the EU stage a coup. Parts of the nation opposes, and the <a href="https://vientosur.info/a-favor-o-en-contra-de-maidan-conviene-matizar/" target="_blank">AntiMaidan</a> emerges. The <a href="https://www.publico.es/internacional/matanza-casa-sindicatos-odessa-video.html" target="_blank">Odessa Trade Union Building</a> was set on fire killing 42 people; it is the turning point. Crimea holds a referendum and becomes part of Russia. While Donetsk and Lugansk ask for their autonomy. This is answered by a series of attacks and bombings; It was the start of the Ukrainian Civil War. </div><div><br /></div><div>At that time, the independence or autonomy of the Dombass of Ukraine seemed correct to the libertarian movement. It seemed like a better solution than the Russian annexation of Crimea. </div><div><br /></div><div>We also reject the Ukrainian military intervention, its apartheid and its segregationism in the Dombass. We denounce the torture, assaults and murders of civilians and comrades. </div><div><br /></div><div>Finally many went to fight for the Dombass; and we support them without fissures.
We didn't care then, and even felt relief, knowing that the region was under Russian control. Even knowing that Russia would use it to stop the NATO's expansion by prolonging the conflict.</div><div><br /></div><div>Our positions, sooner or later, will coincide with the interests of some elites, inevitably; either in favor or in collide, which is usually the most common. Should we stop supporting what we previously believed correct only because of these circumstantial coincidences? Do these coincidences invalidate the previous struggle or could reinforce it? Welcome to geopolitics, anarchists.</div><div><br />
<h2>Our position coincides, to our regret, with that of Russia</h2><div><br /></div>
Now Russia believes that it is time to carry out the definitive separation between the Dombass and the Ukraine by means of two independent republics, Donetsk and Lugansk; not by its annexation, initially. It is our fault that our interest coincides with that of Russia? </div><div><br /></div><div>To Russia does not seem possible to achieve the Dombass autonomy by political means. Russia, for many reasons, has started a war without asking us. </div><div><br /></div><div>This war adventure causes a contradiction and dilemmas in the libertarian movement that must be resolved: </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Ukraine</h3><div>Ukraine is hostage to NATO and the US in the west, and Russia in the east. Debating libertarian support for Ukraine means deciding whether or not we support NATO and the Pentagon, or Russia. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"> Russia </h3><div>-On the one hand, Russia kills our Ukrainian sisters. </div><div>-But in turn Russia protects our sisters from the Dombass. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">USA</h3><div>-The US does not directly kill our Dombass sisters.</div><div>-The US does not directly kill our Ukrainian sisters.</div><div>-USA/EU/NATO provides the means for our Ukrainian sisters to attack their Dombass sisters. </div><div><br /></div><div>As we can see, the contradictions reside on both sides of the trench. All murderers, all with their own reasons. </div><div><br /></div><div>What follows is to make a geopolitical assessment of the convenience or not of the postures of one and the other side. Because of the result of this debate we will end up supporting one world or another: NATO or Russia.</div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Geopolitical assessment of political support</h2><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Supporting Ukraine</h3><div>Supporting Ukraine is not only defending a territory, defending the lives of some people. It doesn't even mean defending our compañeras; <b>is much more</b>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Before the war broke out, the neo-Nazi government in Ukraine practiced Apartheid throughout its territory and ethnic cleansing in the Dombass.</div><div><br /></div><div>During the war the <a href="https://rebelion.org/zelensky-los-neonazis-y-la-guerra-olvidada/" target="_blank">fascist militias</a> became battalions of the regular army. It was then that the real war showed its face: runes and swastikas sank into the pavilions. <b><span style="color: red;">The troops were Nazis, the monster had been reborn.</span></b></div><div><br /></div><div>If Ukraine won, if it joined the EU, NATO and kept the Dombass whihin Ukraine, what would happen? The victory would be for the United States Stablishment, which would continue with its plans. A series of events not very different from those seen so far would be triggered. Are we willing to take on their Apartheid tactics in Ukraine, and let them end their ethnic cleansing? Are we prepared to witness in Europe the same tactics that the fascists employ in Palestine? That they conclude total the nazification of the country? The Europe Nazification progresses? That it spreads around the world? To see the <b><span style="color: red;">swastika waving as a flag of liberation</span></b>? Are we thinking in collaborate with ethnic cleansing, genocide, massacres, coups and, ultimately, with our collective political suicide? <b>Neither Ukraine nor the US g</b><b>o</b><b>v nor NATO can be supported by libertarians.</b></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Supporting USA</h3><div>The US has not stopped harassing Russia and the rest of countries, generating wars (Yugoslavia, Kwait, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Syria) and expanding NATO since 1989. In 2010 NATO goes global. The US has plans to expand NATO to encircle Russia and has shown evidences of proliferation of nuclear weapons.</div><div><br /></div><div>If the US wins in Ukraine, it would mean its entry into the EU, NATO and the placement of nuclear missiles across the country. Also the admission of Finland and Swedento in the NATO club. These would be answered with the placement of more missiles on the Russia and Belarus borders (proliferation). The US would rise tension with China over Taiwan. They would try to penetrate Central Asia through Turkey, Georgia and Chechnya. It would continue the expansion of global NATO with its swastikas as its coat of arms. The end of the UN. In short, the global expansion of <a href="https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/12/american-society-police-state-criminalization-militarization/" target="_blank">US and its IV Reich goverment plans</a>, that would affect to our northamerican camarades also in the way of repression, jail, policial militarization and fascists militias.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Supporting Russia</h3><div>Is the suppor to Russi the alternative, which is similarly retrograde, corrupt and has systematically repressed and imprisoned us anarchists? The answer is not very positive. Russia knows very well how to organize a good repression, preventive attacks, occupations, wars, purges or traffickig between mafia corruption. They may now be apparently waging a more civilized war, their geopolitical objectives may be different from those of the Americans, but deep down, it is the same system, capitalism. Once they win, they will do to us what every capitalist system does: use our meat in their metabolism, either on the war front or in their sweatshops.</div><div><br /></div><div>Russia, however, shows no signs of expansion in the short term and has supported threatened peoples by the IV American Reich throughout the world, such as Venezuela, Cuba or Iran. With Russia as the winner, in the medium term, the perspective of transnational warlike expansion, apartheid, ethnic cleansing and Nazism vanishes.</div><div><br /></div><h1 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">Russia is for now the lesser evil.</span></h1></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Can Russia be supported?</h2><div><br /></div><div>The key question is whether or not Russia can be supported. We can find the answer in all those places where conflicts of interest, paradoxes or dilemmas in the movement have rise.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Rojava 2012</h3><div>Broadly speaking and with all the nuances, during the Syrian war the <a href="https://rojavaazadimadrid.org/" target="_blank">Rojava</a> region in Syrian Kurdistan declared an autonomous region. The situation was as follows: Daesh forces at south, Turkey army at north and west and Syria at east. Rojava was supported by the Iraqi Kurdistan, a <a href="https://www.ieee.es/Galerias/fichero/docs_opinion/2017/DIEEEO126-2017_PuebloKurdo_ConflictoSiria_MAPerezFranco.pdf" target="_blank">presidential and pro-fascist Barzani family</a>. In addition, it was supported by <a href="https://www.revistalacomuna.com/geopolitica-y-antiimperialismo/rojava-tio-sam-parte-2/" target="_blank">France and the US against Turkey and Syria</a>, while at the end of the war it managed to reach an <a href="https://www.europapress.es/internacional/noticia-barzani-acusa-pyd-alcanzar-acuerdo-secreto-assad-gobierno-autonomo-kurdo-20131115054437.html" target="_blank">agreement with the Syrian government</a> and ended up admitting former Daesh Wahavites into its ranks; transforming then into 'brand new libertarian confederates'. Welcome to <b>polyhedrism</b>, comrades.</div><div><br /></div><div>With such a mixture of intersecting interests, alliances, merges and splits, <b>can Rojava be supported without supporting its imperialist allies?</b> All we anarchist in general very much understood that the Rojavista Democratic Confederalism project was more important than their local and war time politics. Some others criticized it (<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2015/03/el-giro-del-pueblo-kurdo-hacia-las.html" target="_blank">this same media</a>), others supported it (<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2016/10/convocatoria-internacional-1-de.html" target="_blank">this same media</a>), others rejected it. Others do not understand that the practice and politics of alliances are different matters. The official war in Syria ended, but the consensus di facto is the same as in Catalonia: autonomy to the region and end of repression, Syria and Turkey. Rojava, despite the tortuous background, remains as a guide, and the project continues to be globally supported.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Venezuela 2014</h3><div>The most important guarimbas, barricades, rise up against the <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2019/02/la-creacion-de-juan-guaido-como-el.html" target="_blank">Venezuelan</a> Regime in 2014. Anarchists side with the revolts and against the state. The guarimbas turned out to be a co-opted movement by the extreme right and ended up calling for US military intervention. Faced with the advent of an occupation war, part of the oppository right demobilized. After the 2017 assault, the right opposition dissolved and failed to recompose several times. In 2019, the <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2019/02/la-creacion-de-juan-guaido-como-el.html" target="_blank">US imposes Juan Guaidó</a> as acting president. He calls again for foreign military intervention and American troops in Caracas.</div><div><br /></div><div>The question is clear, what made <a href="https://www.anarkismo.net/article/30487?userlanguage=it&save_prefs=true" target="_blank">some comrades support foreign military intervention</a> in their own country <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2015/03/crisis-usa-venezuela-entre-la.html" target="_blank">twice </a>? We hope that the answer is that they took into account immediate needs as more important than strategic needs, because otherwise it would mean that the compañeras supported the US invasion in their own territory and the slaughter of their sisters and brothers.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Catalonia 2017</h3><div>In 2017 a process of independence form the Spanish region was developed. The conflict was then rightly seen as an attempt by the local bourgeoisie to get rid of the central bourgeoisie, a typical power struggle. Bad cards for anarchists, in both cases, by action or omission, they would end up <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2017/10/anarquistas-del-gobern-vs-anarquistas.html" target="_blank">supporting one or another government</a> without the possibility of grays.</div><div><br /></div><div>Anarchist comrades took part in the process for secession. Others criticized the process for being reactionary and nationalistic. Others advocated that autonomy, cantonalism, federalism, and aid to fellow anarchists in struggle prevail. The libertarian struggles in Spanish territory were for self-determination and the end of repression.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Belarus 2020</h3><div>The country was experiencing an authoritarian situation and widespread disaffection with a corrupt regime. In the last elections of 2020 there was a revolt against the winner Lukashenko. These revolts were clearly supported from within by the fascist hordes waving monarchist and far-right flags and from abroad by the Nazis of the US, EU and NATO. The protesters ended up requesting external military intervention in a similar way to Venezuela under the '<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2017/07/revoluciones-de-color-estados-unidos.html" target="_blank">Color Revolution</a>' script established by the Pentagon. From that moment they lost strength, the attached forces were dissolved and their leaders fled to the United Kingdom and Poland. Our comrades in Belarus were severely repressed. Did it help to support the far-right that request to bomb its own country? Was there any point in participating toguether with the international fascism remotely controlled movement? Even so, there were comrades who participated defending to set a capitalist dictatorship of the extreme right there.</div><div><br /></div><div>The contest then led us to the dilemma of what is more preferable, if a socialist dictatorship or a far-right capitalist dictatorship.</div><div><br /></div><div>We could continue with the deliberation between <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/01/la-anarquia-y-sus-aliados-el-frente.html" target="_blank">major, minor, unacceptable evils, red lines and resistance</a>: USSR, Cuba, Nicaragua... let's apply the same logic: is it the alternative better than what is in place? What would happen at a world level if USA/NATO penetrates in the most of national parliaments? Is military balkanization the path to self-managed liberation? Is the destruction of minorities by majorities and minorities admissible?</div></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The 'Dombass Solution'</h2><div><br /></div><div>It is clear that we will desagree <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2021/08/la-inevitable-banalizacion-del.html" target="_blank">regarding the US, NATO or Russia</a> . We don't really know why, but that's how it has been until now. Let's forget about the actors and their propaganda. <b>Let's look at the facts.</b></div><div><br /></div><div>What we all could agree is that:</div><div>-Ukraine has suffered from an actively fascist government since <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaciones_entre_Ucrania_y_la_OTAN" target="_blank">2010 with Yanukovych</a>, when hard segregationist and racist measures began.</div><div>-Ukraine suffered a fascist coup in <a href="https://rebelion.org/ucrania-autopsia-de-un-golpe-de-estado/" target="_blank">2014, the so-called Euromaidan</a>.</div><div>-The Dombass developed a process contrary to the <a href="https://www.telesurtv.net/news/Miles-se-movilizan-en-Moscu-en-marcha-Antimaidan--20150221-0012.html" target="_blank">EuroMaidan, called antiMaidan,</a> declaring itself independence.</div><div>-The Dombass was attacked by nationalist and openly Nazi forces in a NATO maneuver, starting the Ukrainian Civil War.</div><div>-The Dombass must be independent, and its people Autonomous.</div><div>-We do not know what will be Russia's next step, but the US advance will continue, and with it global NATO and world Nazification. An even american and brithis fellows will suffer ir.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>It is at this point, of an independent Dombass and its Autonomous people, where we all can find the point of union with Russia that we cannot find with the US.</b></div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Dilemmas will keep rising up</h2><div><br /></div><div>Regardless of our position in Ukraine, dilemmas will continue to appear in anarchist organizations, especially since there are common topycs, and such a range of opinions, groupings, currents and political tendencies, that it will be difficult for us not to agree with nationalists, fascists, tories, capitalists and even recognized criminals.</div><div><br /></div><div>The capitalists themselves unfold such a broad spectrum, from the ultraliberal to the ultraconservative, that they will often be tempted to support and even assist us. This is the case of the Social Democrats. In France 2018, when the Yellow Vests movement managed to bring together fascists with leftists. The same thing happened in Catalonia 2017. And throughout Europe, the most abominable far right is leading the fight against NATO and the EU. We will also agree in future on numerous issues, such as pensions, work, environmentalism, energy or industry. <b>Does this put them on our side or Russia's? Yes, specifically, but not generally. We will not stop being enemies.</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Are we going to give up our principles and demands because they coincide with those of the fascists? NO! Are we going to allow popular movements to be co-opted as always? NO! <b><span style="color: red;">We are going to fight on a double front</span></b>, denouncing fascism and expossing our cause. This, which seems to be a disappointment and a loss of the 'concentration of forces', is the key to win the struggle, to <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/01/la-anarquia-y-sus-aliados-el-frente.html" target="_blank">Allianceism </a>and Revolutionary Pedagogy.</div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">The new world to be born</h2><div><br /></div><div>We have before us a cross interests multilevel scenaries in which the capitalist forces are falling apart, trapping our organizations in the middle, and even using them as pawns; meattools.</div><div><br /></div><div>We must not get carried away by their appels and propaganda, because doing taht, we will be metabolized (intake, digested and excreted).</div><div><br /></div><div>We must never lose sight of <b><span style="color: red;">our own declared objectives</span></b>: the creation of freely federated territorial autonomies and the direct democratization of institutions. <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2017/05/la-estrategia-revolucionaria-de-los.html" target="_blank">The Revolutionary Strategy of "the Three Fronts" and its organization</a>.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Contradictions and Coincidences</h2><div><br /></div><div>When our interests coincide, they coincide; which does not mean unconditional support or sticking to their dialectic. <b>We must continue with our plans for Social Revolution</b> wherever we are, because that is the fate of anarchism; <b>change the world and make it free from exploitation and abus</b>e. If we are forced to collaborate, if we want to attract awareness, it is a priority to constantly explain and criticize collaboration (revolutionary pedagogy again, with the Propaganda for Fact as a fundamental substrate).</div><div><br /></div><div>The solution to the Ukraine is not the War in the Ukraine, but neither the war against the Dombass. The military conflict is served at the geopolitical level, and they ask, demand, and force us to choose sides. Our place is not with the capitalist armies, it is with the people: stop the war, assist the victims, reduce belligerence, prevent militarization, advance social justice, prevent the advance of fascism, Nazism and nationalism, prevent the proliferation nuclear weapos are our priorities. And protect the Dombass from pogroms and their planned genocide.</div><div><br /></div><div>Does supporting the Ukrainian government, its army, or the US, achieve our goals? No. It means the proliferation of Nazism and world militarism; just the opposite of our purposes.</div><div> </div><div>Does supporting the Russian government achieve our goals? Does supporting the Dombass government achieve our objectives? We do not believe that all the objectives will be achieved, but we can sense that fascism, segregationism, apartheid and genocide will be stopped, and an autonomous region will be achieved.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>In short, our options are not good at all and involves collaborating and choosing between an evil and a greater evil (not a lesser evil).</b></div><div><br /></div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Collaborate with fascism? Never! Double Front</h2><div><br /></div><div>What if our interests coincide with fascist interests? Many understand that this is the situation in both sides in Ukraine. They are not misguided.</div><div><br /></div><div>We face fascism on a daily basis in our jobs individually. Daily practice shows that our interests often coincide with those of the fascists: to the aforementioned cases we can add Yellow Vests or riots in Hong Kong... But their ability to monopolize the media spectrum makes our revolutionary efforts, and our revolutionary gymnastics, benefit and strengthen those who declared to be our very enemies and who have explicitly declared that they want to eliminate us.</div><div><br /></div><div>If history shows anything, it is that you cannot collaborate or argue with fascism. Just destroy it. Collaborating with fascism means automatic defeat. The war front in collaboration with fascism means opening a conflict with fascism itself. We cannot assume its premises, nor its conditions, nor its objectives. We cannot assume their speech or their narrative. The closest one can collaborate with a fascist is in the formal and informal, non-military institutions, to counter him.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>And yet it has happened</b>, as the example of <b>Rojava </b>shows. How did they survive? Clinging to their principles, developing their own social and military programs, organizing the social environment avoiding fascist infiltration, pro-NATO and pro-Syrian discourse, and a huge propaganda network worldwide. How did they fisicaly defend their advances? Buying weapons from world fascist organizations. <b>They developed a true Autonomy</b>. For example: in the joint military offensives with the US, their declared objective was never towns, but DAESH military positions. There is a difference. Their offensives against Turkish positions did not concern the Turkish people, but the fascistic army of Turkey.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;">Conclusions</h2><div><br /></div><div>It is not logical that anarchists participate within the Ukrainian army, because it is not true that the Ukrainian territory is in danger. The only attacked territory was the Dombass for 8 years.</div><div><br /></div><div>Once the war is over, if Ukraine wins, the apartheid against pure non-Ukrainians will continue, Nazification will continue, and them will come the attack to the next country, which may be Belarus or Georgia. Another country to evangelize nailing swastikas and crosses of fire.</div><div><br /></div><div>Once the conflict is over, if Russia wins, it will impose its political conditions, but it will not impose apartheid or nazification. It will ask for the disarmament and NATO removing from neighbor countries, Finland and Sweden.</div><div><br /></div><div>The territory that was, is and will be in danger if Russia does not achieve its objectives, will be the Dombass: So it is logical to support its struggle despite the fact that Russia carries out its operations in its own way. The conditions of Dombass are different from those of Russia . <b><span style="color: red;">The Dombass must be protected.</span></b></div><div><br /></div><div>It is of the greatest interest to humanity that NATO dissolves and that the decaying hegemon, the main focus of current distortions, disturbances and disorders, the United States, falls as soon as possible. Russia must beat NATO. The United State people must be free from NATO.</div><div><br /></div><div>It would be terrible to see anarchists sister against sister fighting on the front lines because of the publications that give rise to the imperialist call to arms against the oppressed peoples. We sincerely hope that the comrades of <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/04/peligro-anarquistas-nazificados-paginas.html" target="_blank">Enough14, CrimethInc, Pramen</a>, libcom, ALB, portal Oaca, and an endless number of <a href="https://tarcoteca.noblogs.org/post/2021/12/01/9/" target="_blank">Anarchist counterinfo pages AYP</a>, continue with their critical work, but reconsider their position and their editorial lines; because they are considered a libertarian think tank, and their opinion can affect thousands of people, and the world libertarian movement itself; and with it to the base of world social movements. They do not realize its key importance or its influence. If we do not achieve a greater consensus around libertarianism and less in the face of the rhetoric of the powers in contention, the atomization will be such that we will end up disappearing from history (<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2020/04/sociometria-caracter-arquetipico-y-el_23.html" target="_blank">as we have already foreseen</a>). They should be binding elements, not diluents.</div><div><br /></div><div>The old world is burning, and we will not be able to build a New World from its ashes if we cannot completely destroy it, bury in the way that the moster can not rise from the grave.</div><div><br /></div><div><b><span style="color: red;">Dombass must survive, Russia must stop, the US must stop, NATO must disappear. We need to stop world Nazism now.</span></b></div><div><br /></div><div>Health! PHkl/tctca</div></div><div> _____________</div><div><h2>To know more</h2>
<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/03/gira-europea-trascendental-de-biden.html">Gira europea trascendental de Biden para impulsar la 3GM</a> 22.3.2022<br /><a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/03/analisis-militar-ucrania-vs-rusia-de-la.html">Análisis militar Ucrania vs Rusia: de la Guerra moderna a la Clásica en la Era del Descenso</a> 21.3.2022<br /><a href="http://alasbarricadas.org/noticias/node/47919">Más sobre las respuestas libertarias a la guerra | Alasbarricadas.org</a> 15.3.2022<br /><a href="http://alasbarricadas.org/noticias/node/47823">La visión de Ucrania, la visión de Rusia | Alasbarricadas.org</a> 6.3.2022<br /><a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/02/europa-battle-zone-rusia-cede-las.html">Europa Battle Zone: Rusia cede a las provocaciones de Estados Unidos, y ésta se cobra tres piezas. Geopolítica</a> 28.2.2022<br /><a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/01/la-anarquia-y-sus-aliados-el-frente.html">La Anarquía y sus Aliados: el 'Frente Unido' y 'Agrupación de Tendencia'</a> 10.1.2022 Tommy Lawson. <a href="https://zabalazabooks.net/2021/11/10/anarchy-and-its-allies-the-united-front-and-groupings-of-tendency/">Libro en PDF</a><br /><br /></div><div>Source - <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2022/04/geopolitica-libertaria-no-es-ucrania.html">TARCOTECA: Geopolítica Libertaria: no es Ucrania, EEUU o Rusia, es la Guerra por el Mundo Nuevo por Nacer</a> Published 8.4.2022, last edition 11.4.2022</div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-11105484975629813102022-03-20T16:28:00.001-07:002022-03-20T16:28:16.989-07:00USA, Listen, You’re About To Sink — Gonzalo Lira. Video<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7v6_vw6d2iyB8E9zWSV4Un9Ezzz8qqa9IM_Mzp2VwMKsI6hKinB0nG4pn8br8CjiBj71x-8tCWSP0r7bgaJL857T536gb90RAbz2FUDpaCk9HoPUIZIP57d9-Fmj9OMaT2jdMqDWHHQKEFUldCNol_cQ_qd560b0x3QXGIQ9KUwiGjk4rJgqFNhFR=s750" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="750" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg7v6_vw6d2iyB8E9zWSV4Un9Ezzz8qqa9IM_Mzp2VwMKsI6hKinB0nG4pn8br8CjiBj71x-8tCWSP0r7bgaJL857T536gb90RAbz2FUDpaCk9HoPUIZIP57d9-Fmj9OMaT2jdMqDWHHQKEFUldCNol_cQ_qd560b0x3QXGIQ9KUwiGjk4rJgqFNhFR=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Source - America, You’re About To Be Poor—So Please Don’t Lash Out At Us - YouTube 13.3.2022 <div>vía <a href="https://arrezafe.blogspot.com/2022/03/usa-youre-about-to-sink-gonzalo-lira.html" target="_blank">arrezafe.blogspot.com</a><br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOuuppWA5II&t=891s">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOuuppWA5II&t=891s</a><div><br /></div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="300" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AOuuppWA5II" title="YouTube video player" width="500"></iframe></div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-70939128230811903922022-03-05T06:47:00.000-08:002022-03-05T06:47:07.041-08:00The only war to end all wars…<span style="font-family: helvetica;">Source - <a href="https://www.anarchistcommunism.org/2022/03/04/the-only-war-to-end-all-wars/">The only war to end all wars… – Anarchist Communist Group</a> 4.3.2022</span><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span><div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The Russian onslaught on Ukraine reminds the West that war can happen. We look on in horror as people “looking like us” in towns “like ours” go to shelters or wade through rubble. It seemed unimaginable to generations who believed war all but abolished.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.anarchistcommunism.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/NWBTCW-752x440.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><img border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="752" height="187" src="https://www.anarchistcommunism.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/NWBTCW-752x440.png" width="320" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">This is not the reality for most of the planet though. Our relative peace for nearly 80 years has been bought at the expense of vast swathes of the world where superpower conflicts have been fought by bloody proxies. We have seen this most recently in Ethiopia and Tigre, in Sudan and Central Africa, Somalia, the Sahel and Middle East, Myanmar and Sri Lanka going all the way back to 1945.</span><p></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">In almost every country and every inhabited continent millions have perished miserably to maintain the Western fiction of a New World Order’s international peace. As revolutionaries and internationalists, the war comes as a tragic confirmation that our system of exploitation and profit and endless bloody conflict are inseparable. They are not only inseparable but a causal and defining cog in the wheel of planetary destruction grinding the pandemic and climate change.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">There is no victimless exploitation, bloodless war, virtuous state, or egalitarian capitalism. They are more like the apocryphal horseman of a stoppable apocalypse. Against this background, equally largely hidden from view in the western mind has been the struggle of millions in continuous resistance to both war, exploitation and annihilation. The struggle that thrives on every inhabited continent and of which we count ourselves.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">On our own it feels insurmountable but collectively we grow in strength confidence and skills. No action is too small to start though its relevance is crucial. From food banks to social centres, strike committees to picket lines. Marches to demonstrations, blockades to occupations. Coming together in free association to share, develop and challenge. To build anew as we grow and break their rules and constraints. From refusal to re-imagining and from resistance to revolution.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The war in Ukraine is not the only one but one of many, and those wars are essential to the nature of capitalism, power and the state. More wars are coming and so is more resistance. Those who order them, don’t fight, those forced to fight come from the same class and communities as us. By building resistance in our communities we can build the power to refuse their war and replace it with our own, <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">class war</em>. The only war that will end all wars.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #404040; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">*Add- This article was sent to us from an ex-member of Manchester Anarchist Federation</em></p></div></div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-77428780546094431182021-11-20T14:07:00.001-08:002021-11-20T14:24:02.869-08:00The New Republic, “Were the Earliest Societies Anarchists?” Source - <a href="https://www.anarchistagency.com/in-the-news/the-new-republic-were-the-earliest-societies-anarchists/">The New Republic, “Were the Earliest Societies Anarchists?” – Agency</a> By George Scialabba, November 1, 2021<div><br /><div><div style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://www.anarchistagency.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/bdaa0ec522d97afddef5ef922ebff1fc14d67332-770x1027.jpeg" width="240" /></div>Anarchism is the black sheep of political theories. A glance at its main tenets will explain why: the absence of a state or of representative government; politics as face-to-face relations within small groups; decisions by consensus; no authority; no leadership; no coercion, even of the obstreperous; and a deep suspicion of expertise as somehow subversive of equality. (Worst of all, perhaps: drum circles.) Most Americans find these ideas bewildering. Most senior academics, secret authoritarians that they are, find them abhorrent, even ghoulish, especially as applied to their own department.<br /><div><div><br /></div><div>Which is why the anarchist writer David Graeber, who died last year, was the black sheep of academic anthropology. As a popular and prolific assistant professor at Yale, he was thought to be a sure bet for tenure. But the department <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/28/nyregion/when-scholarship-and-politics-collided-at-yale.html">turned him down</a>, with almost no explanation. It was universally assumed that Graeber’s anarchist principles, activist politics—especially <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112174545/http:/www.insidehighered.com/news/2005/05/18/yale">his support</a> for Yale graduate students trying to organize a union—and cheeky personality cost him the prize. (No doubt the department shuddered with relief at its near escape when he later became <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2011/11/30/occupy-wall-streets-anarchist-roots">a leading interpreter</a> and spokesman for Occupy Wall Street.) Offers from other departments trickled in—he ended up at the London School of Economics—and the huge success of his <a href="https://www.mhpbooks.com/books/debt/">Debt: The First 5,000 Years</a> (2011) must also have assuaged the bitterness. But the lesson had been delivered: Outspokenness was not costless. Outspokenness, however, was instinctive with Graeber, as was his extraordinary generosity to students and younger colleagues, who responded with extraordinary affection, even love.<br /><br />His final book, <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/the-dawn-of-everything-a-new-history-of-humanity/9780374157357">The Dawn of Everything</a>, a co-written study of the earliest forms of social organization, caps a large and variegated output. Debt, controversial but enormously erudite and startlingly original, was his best-known work, though his two explicitly political volumes were also bestsellers: <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/220295/the-democracy-project-by-david-graeber/">The Democracy Project</a> (2013), a chronicle of Occupy Wall Street, followed by a scathing critique of American society and politics; and <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/bullshit-jobs-a-theory-9781508264668/9781501143335">Bullshit Jobs</a> (2018), an acerbic history and analysis of pointless drudgery (an important theme in The Dawn of Everything as well). <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/the-utopia-of-rules-on-technology-stupidity-and-the-secret-joys-of-bureaucracy/9781612195186">The Utopia of Rules</a> (2015) gathered several celebrated essays, including “The Utopia of Rules, or Why We Really Love Bureaucracy After All” and “Of Flying Cars and the Declining Rate of Profit.” He was on quite a roll in his last decade. But the above was not all he was doing.<br /><br />In a moving foreword to The Dawn of Everything, Graeber’s co-author, David Wengrow, an archaeology professor at University College London, described their 10-year collaboration on “a new history of humankind”: a period when “it was not uncommon for us to talk two or three times a day. We would often lose track of who came up with what idea or which new set of facts and examples.… We got to the end just as we’d started, in dialogue, with drafts passing constantly back and forth between us as we read, shared and discussed the same sources, often into the small hours of the night.” It sounds idyllic—a form of collaboration much like those that he and Wengrow argue underpinned some of the earliest human societies.<br /><br />There is a Standard Version of deep history, those long ages before writing (roughly 40,000–12,000 B.C.E.), when humans left behind traces—suggestive but not definitive—of culture and technology. The Standard Version is a species of technological determinism, in which forms of society correspond to modes of production. There have been four main social forms, according to this theory: bands, mobile groups of a few families; tribes, of perhaps 100 members, moving a few times a year; chiefdoms, hundreds strong, centered in one place but with smaller groups occasionally moving away for various reasons; and states, with thousands of members, centered in cities, and with a central government more or (usually) less accountable to the populace. To each of these forms corresponded a mode of subsistence: respectively, hunting/gathering; gardening/foraging/herding; farming; and industry. Political forms followed a closely parallel evolution: egalitarianism, private property, kingship (often just ceremonial), and the bureaucratic state. Each of these stages was more productive and more civilized than the last, but also less equal and less free.<br /><br />In addition to its pleasing symmetry, the Standard Version has a certain pathos that appeals to supposedly tough-minded scientists. Civilization is a stern fate, on this view: We can only attain modernity’s deepest satisfactions by giving up the mobility, spontaneity, and nonchalance of our free-spirited but immature ancestors. We moderns—and especially intellectuals, who grasp this painful dilemma most fully—become tragic heroes of a sort.<br /><br />Graeber and Wengrow, however, are intent on blowing up the Standard Version in The Dawn of Everything. It was an understandable attempt to extrapolate from very limited data (and, in some cases, a less excusable attempt to retroactively justify Western colonialism). But in the last few decades, a mass of new evidence from archaeology and anthropology has appeared, leaving it all but unsalvageable. Again and again, among the Kwakiutl, Nambikwara, Inuit, Lakota, and innumerable others, from the Amazon to the Arctic Circle to Central Africa to the Great Plains, and in all periods from the Upper Paleolithic to the nineteenth century, archaeologists have discovered variety where the Standard Version predicted uniformity.<br /><br />Until around 10,000 B.C., according to the eminent primatologist Christopher Boehm, articulating the scholarly consensus, humans lived in “societies of equals, and outside the family there were no dominators.” In such societies, where supposedly no distinctions of power or rank were observed in life, it seems unlikely they would have been observed in death. They were, however, and regularly. Rich burials—in unusually large graves or with ornaments, tools, textiles, or weapons, sometimes in profusion—have been found on every continent, often dating to millennia before social distinctions of any sort were supposed to have arisen in human societies. The egalitarian bands of prehistory, never solidly based on evidence, may soon disappear into myth.<br /><br />Monumental architecture is more evidence against the standard evolutionary scheme. In southern Turkey, for example, there is an ensemble of 20 stone temples, about as large as Stonehenge (which dates from 3000 B.C.), with carved portraits of animals on the pillars. It dates from 9000 B.C. In Poverty Point, Louisiana, a network of enormous mounds and ridges stretches out across 400 acres or so. Constructed in 1600 B.C. (by moving a million cubic meters of earth), it may have been a trading center or a ritual center. Its builders seem to have been hunters, fishers, and foragers. Across Eastern Europe is a line of “mammoth houses,” enclosures up to 40 feet in diameter made of mammoth hides stretched over poles, constructed between 25,000 and 12,000 years ago, obviously by at least part-time hunters. Every year, more very old monuments constructed by nonfarming, non-state people are discovered, making it harder to believe that such achievements are only possible, as the conventional wisdom has it, on the basis of agricultural surpluses and bureaucratic expertise.<br /><br />Evidence of occupational variety at many sites calls for explanation: It seems unlikely that, at the same moment in a given area, one group consisted of full-time agriculturalists, another of full-time foragers, and another full-time pastoralists. It now appears that seasonality was very common, with groups changing not only their way of procuring food one or more times a year, but authority relations and other customs as well. Members of a North American Plains tribe, for example, were foragers and herders for most of the year, with very lax discipline both at home and toward tribal leaders. During the great annual buffalo hunt, however, the tribe became quite hierarchical; in particular, there were “buffalo police” who enforced norms of cooperation and distribution very strictly and even had the power to impose capital punishment on the spot for sufficiently grave violations. Most indigenous Amazonian societies had different authority structures at different times of year. Perhaps the best-known example is from the Arctic, where Inuit fathers exercised strict patriarchal authority in summer, while winter, lived more inside, was something of a saturnalia, with spouse-swapping and children running free.<br /><br />By and large, anthropologists have not made much of seasonality. (Interestingly, most of those who have done so have been anarchist-leaning: Marcel Mauss, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Robert Lowie, Pierre Clastres.) Graeber and Wengrow make a great deal of it.<br /><br /></div><div>Archaeological evidence ... suggests that in the highly seasonal environments of the last Ice Age, our remote ancestors ... shifted back and forth between alternative social arrangements, allowing the rise of authoritarian structures during certain times of year. The same individual could experience life in what looks to us sometimes like a band, sometimes a tribe, and sometimes like something with at least some of the characteristics we now identify with states. With such institutional flexibility comes the capacity to step outside the boundaries of any given structure and reflect; to both make and unmake the political worlds we live in.<br /><br />It is difficult for some—perhaps most—of us to attribute so advanced a political and philosophical consciousness to our remote ancestors. Perhaps, Graeber and Wengrow suggest, that is the problem: Our unshakable conviction that modernity spells progress and liberation prevents us from seeing that, in many times and places, premodern life was actually more rational and free.<br /><br />Though combative, The Dawn of Everything is an upbeat book. Its debunking energies mainly go to refuting the conventional wisdom at its most discouraging. For example, anthropologists and archaeologists (like most everyone else) tend to assume there is an inverse relation between scale and equality; that the greater the number of people who need to be organized to work or live or fight together, the more coercion will be necessary. Cities represent a scaling up of population, and therefore, naturally, of mechanisms of control. And where did cities come from?<br /><br />The conventional story looks for the ultimate causes in technological factors: Cities were a delayed, but inevitable, effect of the “Agricultural Revolution,” which started populations on an upward trajectory, and set off a chain of other developments, for instance in transport and administration, which made it possible to support large populations living in one place. These large populations then required states to administer them.<br /><br />This conventional story is being undermined by new archaeological evidence, especially from the largest prehistoric cities, in Mesopotamia and Mesoamerica. Those “large populations living in one place”—peasantries—do not show up until later in the histories of most large cities. Initially, besides farmers drawn to a fertile floodplain, there were equal numbers of hunters, foragers, and fishers, and sometimes very large ceremonial or ritual centers. What there don’t seem to have been, by and large, were ruling classes. The conventional assumption—amounting almost to a Weltanschauung—that civilization marches in lockstep with state authority seems to be tottering.<br /><br />The Agricultural Revolution is another key element of the Standard Version: a swift and mostly complete transition from mobile, egalitarian, healthy foragers, relatively few in number, lacking the concept of private property, and living on wild resources, to farming populations, numerous, sedentary, class-stratified, disease-ridden, and producing a surplus of food. The consequence, as noted above, was cities, and the inevitable concomitant of cities was states. But this turns out to be far too neat. As recent evidence shows, many populations took up farming and then went back to foraging. Many foraging communities were far more authoritarian than farming communities. And in quite a few places, the transition from foraging to farming took thousands of years. It may be necessary to rechristen the Agricultural Revolution as the Agricultural Slow Walk.<br /><br />Prehistory, Graeber and Wengrow insist, is vastly more interesting than scholars knew until recently. And not just more interesting, but more inspiring as well: “It is clear now that human societies before the advent of farming were not confined to small, egalitarian bands. On the contrary, the world of hunter-gatherers as it existed before the coming of agriculture was one of several bold social experiments, resembling a carnival parade of political forms, far more than it does the drab abstractions of evolutionary theory.” “Carnival” brings to mind Occupy, which, along with this book, testifies to David Graeber’s admirable energy, imagination, and love of freedom.<br /><br />For all its historical and theoretical brilliance, The Dawn of Everything does not wholly vindicate the anarchist philosophical framework in which the argument is set. Graeber and Wengrow do not exactly preach anarchism, but the moral of their long and immensely rich study is clear: Relations of authority are the most important and revealing things about any society, small or large, and no one should ever be subject to any authority she hasn’t chosen to be subject to.<br /><br />Who could disagree—as long as it’s understood that accepting citizenship in a democratic polity means choosing to be subject to its authority? This is a window on a long-standing quarrel between anarchists and their less glamorous political cousins, socialists and social democrats. As one of the latter tribe, I confess that The Dawn of Everything did get a rise out of me now and then. For one thing, nearly everyone to the left of Genghis Khan has a sentimental fondness for the European Enlightenment—it’s where the critical spirit found its voice. Graeber and Wengrow think it’s vastly overrated. Enlightenment thinkers weren’t particularly original, they write; their political ideas came mostly from China and from Native Americans. The proof is that Leibniz and Montesquieu praised the Chinese civil service and recommended it to European rulers while Native Americans who visited Europe impressed the philosophers so much that many of them put the visitors into their philosophical dialogues.<br /><br />Native American political thought is certainly impressive, and Graeber and Wengrow expound it superlatively well. Still, no one has claimed (as far as I know) that Europe got from Native Americans the ideas of habeas corpus, an independent judiciary, trial by jury, a free press, religious disestablishment, or a written constitution with enumerated rights; or that Adam Smith got from them the idea of labor unions, free education for workers, or income redistribution, all of which he argued for in <a href="https://bookshop.org/books/the-wealth-of-nations-9781420932065/9780553585971">The Wealth of Nations</a> (though few conservatives have noticed). Perhaps the American left should take a break from trying to subvert the Enlightenment until the American right stops trying to roll it back.<br /><br />Graeber and Wengrow’s second foray into socialist-/social democrat–baiting is more surprising. Equality, the cherished ideal of most leftists past and present, seems to them a theoretical and strategic dead end, a mere “technocratic” reform. They dismiss, even mock, equality as a goal:<br /><br /><br />To create a society of true equality today, you’re going to have to figure out a way to go back to becoming tiny bands of foragers again with no significant personal property. Since foragers require a pretty extensive territory to forage in, this would mean having to reduce the world’s population by something like 99.9 percent. Otherwise, the best we can hope for is to adjust the size of the boot that will forever be stomping on our faces; or, perhaps, to wrangle a bit more wiggle room in which some of us can temporarily duck out of its way.<br /><br />Equality is not only an unworthy goal; it is not even an intelligible one: “it remains entirely unclear what ‘egalitarian’ even means.” Does it? It seems clear enough to me: a society with a Gini coefficient below 0.2 (Graeber and Wengrow persistently and annoyingly disparage the Gini coefficient, our best quantitative measure of inequality); universal free health care; universal free preschool and public higher education; equal per-pupil expenditures in primary and secondary school; a Universal Basic Income (maybe); enforcement of labor law (the nonenforcement of which has destroyed American unionism); enforcement of tax law (the nonenforcement of which is a trillion-dollar annual gift to the wealthy); all adult citizens automatically registered to vote; exclusively public funding of elections; transparency mechanisms, including a vastly expanded Freedom of Information Act; and accountability mechanisms, including recall, at all levels. If that’s not an egalitarian program, why not? And if Graeber and Wengrow wouldn’t regard it as well worth fighting for, why not?<br /><br />I think I know why: Because, unlike in grubby, soulless social democracy, people in true communism (for example, the indigenous societies of the Northeast Woodlands before the European invasion) “guaranteed one another the means to an autonomous life—or at least ensured no man or woman was subordinated to any other.” That is the anarchist ideal. Well, what is the purpose of the socialist/social democratic reforms I just proposed except to guarantee everyone “the means to an autonomous life” in an industrial society? “Industrial society”—there’s the rub. Is anarchism feasible in a society of any considerable size or complexity, where coordination, authority, and expertise are essential? How much of mass production, technological innovation, cheap paperbacks and CDs, and the rest of our accursedly seductive late-capitalist way of life do we want to walk back? And how do we do that without starving or stranding or inciting to rebellion the hundreds of millions of hapless humans trapped into dependence on cars, air travel, supermarkets, and single-family houses? Few contemporary anarchist writers have addressed these questions squarely, and none satisfactorily.<br /><br />Still, socialists and social democrats have a very large blind spot of our own: the ideology of progress. Believing that democracy and technology advance together, that representative institutions and scientific rationality will reliably and permanently vanquish ignorance and want, and that the historical record demonstrates all this, we can’t account for historical regression (like contemporary right-wing populism in Europe and the United States) or precocity—outstanding political virtue or imagination among peoples with few material attainments. Anarchists, free of this intellectual baggage, need not tie themselves in knots to explain these “paradoxes” of progress.<br /><br />Labels, clearly, are an aid to misunderstanding. Surely it is not necessary to choose between freedom and equality, much less to disparage those who make the opposite choice. If an anarchist believes in freedom, and a socialist believes in equality, what is someone who believes in freedom and equality? A wise person and a useful citizen.</div></div></div></div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-50896636878098023492021-05-22T03:57:00.012-07:002021-06-01T16:47:21.795-07:00Spain ‘at War’: Strategic dispute against Morocco over Saharawi Blood Phosphates<p>By <a href="https://kaosenlared.net/autor/heraklio/">Pablo Heraklio</a> Published KAOS Source <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2021/05/espana-en-guerra-oligarcas-luchan-por.html">La Tarcoteca</a> 4.5.2021 translation <a href="https://thefreeonline.wordpress.com/2021/05/10/spain-at-war-oligarchs-fight-for-blood-phosphates-in-the-sahara-against-morocco/" target="_blank">thefreeonline</a> </p><p>Juan Carlos I will go down in the Annals of History as one of the worst and most abject monarchs of an era. He <a href="https://www.elnacional.cat/enblau/es/casa-real/juan-carlos-mato-hermano-alfonso-libro-pilar-eyre_556767_102.html">killed his brother, took his father away from the crown</a>, was involved in the <a href="https://elpais.com/diario/1989/02/01/espana/602290804_850215.html">death of his cousin,</a> plotted several <a href="https://static0planetadelibroscom.cdnstatics.com/libros_contenido_extra/46/45431_El_23F_Y_Otros_Golpes_De_Estado.pdf">coups in his country,</a> many others abroad, orchestrated <a href="https://diario16.com/juan-carlos-i-fue-el-primero-que-tuvo-en-sus-manos-el-acta-fundacional-de-los-gal/">the GAL</a> [1] (state sponsored death squads) together with military groups, <a href="https://www.publico.es/politica/espana-revisado-condecoraciones-dictadores-entregadas-juan-carlos-i.html">decorated all the Dictators he could</a> [2], also torturers and murderers, trafficked in arms and used his position to defraud his personal fortune, doing more service to Switzerland than to Spain.</p><p><br />He let us enjoy a wonderful state infested with fascists in the high military, police, judicial, political and business commanders, where war criminals went unpunished and were amnestied without trial; avoiding the recognition or compensation of the victims [<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_1977_Amnesty_Law" target="_blank">Amnesty Law 1977 (3</a>)]. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-76065 below-entry-meta" data-attachment-id="76065" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="phosphates-war" data-large-file="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/phosphates-war.jpg?w=840" data-medium-file="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/phosphates-war.jpg?w=400" data-orig-file="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/phosphates-war.jpg" data-orig-size="1176,637" data-permalink="https://thefreeonline.wordpress.com/phosphates-war/" height="173" src="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/phosphates-war.jpg?w=1176" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>This infestation became the current ruling oligarchy, which was later joined by representatives of the various international corporations. <br /> </p><p>But that was not the worst at all. His narrow-mindedness and personal greed place the Spanish oligarchies in the midst of an international conflict that is getting bigger and bigger every day. </p>45 years ago Juan Carlos I « <a href="https://canarias-semanal.org/art/30422/a-45-anos-de-la-entrega-del-sahara-juan-carlos-i-canjeo-la-ex-colonia-a-cambio-de-poder-mantener-la-corona">Swap the former colony in exchange for being able to keep the crown – canarias-semanal.</a> [4]» 2021. Now Spain is involved in the Sahara War for control of the Blood Phosphates.<p><a href="https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51283951" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">In Morocco</a> [5]a <b>geopolitical conflict is underway for global food security</b>, as important as the control of oil reserves. Maybe more.</p><div class="entry-content">
<div style="text-align: center;"><figure class="wp-block-image" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.accord.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/westernsahara3.jpg" class="below-entry-meta" height="221" src="https://www.accord.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/westernsahara3.jpg" width="320" /></figure></div>
<p><span id="more-76060"></span></p>
<p>“Three countries, China, the United States and Morocco control 67% of the world phosphates total, with Morocco 15%” – <a href="https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/?p=3757">Ecología Política</a> [6] Political Ecology 2012. Part of the phosphates exploited by both Morocco and the USA are plundered from Western Sahara. </p>
<p>The dust of these lands naturally fertilizes large areas of the
planet, other continents, from the Amazon to Europe or Africa. The
concentrated salts of fertilizers pollute aquifers and land, generating
wastelands, dead water, and requiring constant chemical rectification.
Thus, the very functionality of global ecosystems is also at stake.</p><div style="text-align: center;"><figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="https://file.ejatlas.org/img/Conflict/resource-extraction-in-boucra-western-sahara-updated-by-julie-snorek-7-nov-2016/WasternSahara_phosphate_bucraa.jpg" height="192" src="https://file.ejatlas.org/img/Conflict/resource-extraction-in-boucra-western-sahara-updated-by-julie-snorek-7-nov-2016/WasternSahara_phosphate_bucraa.jpg" width="320" /></figure></div>
<p></p><br /><span style="font-size: large;">International Military Conflict </span><br /><br />A conflict no longer commercial, but open military; but silenced by what have already been called Blood Phosphates, started on Nov 4, 2020 with the <a href="https://www.elespanol.com/mundo/20201114/peligra-fuego-sahara-marruecos-polisario-desempolvan-armas/535697845_0.html">declaration of the State of War of the Polisario Front [7].</a><br /><br />In this war we are seeing actors like the USA, France, Israel, China or Spain pushing political and military pressure. Beyond gas and oil is <b>the business of world fertilizers</b>, potash, phosphates, nitrogen compounds in Saharawi lands. <br /><br /> Behind the fertilizers<b> is </b><a href="https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/no-time-ignore-blood-phosphates" style="font-weight: bold;">the entire transnational agrochemical industry</a><b> [8], the Big-Agro</b>: Cargill, Monsanto, <a href="https://www.eleconomista.es/mercados-cotizaciones/noticias/10900457/11/20/Nutrien-renuncia-a-medias-a-los-fosfatos-del-Sahara.html">Nutrien</a>, Northwach, Paradeep Phosphates, Ballance-Agrinutriens. <br /><br />Sahrawi sands are transported around the world and treated in a thousand ways to obtain the fertilizers that are consumed by intensive agriculture from Murcia, Huelva, Castilla y León or Aragon to Nigeria, New Zealand, Australia, Egypt, India or China, affecting thus to the food security of these countries, and hence its geopolitical importance … <br /><strong></strong><br /><span style="font-size: large;">The size of the contest </span><br /><br /><b>This is the size of the contest, that the USA has sent its Sixth Fleet.</b><br />It has taken the Canary Islands as a control point for exports from the Mediterranean and North Africa. It is already maneuvering and showing his mastery of the area:<br /><a href="https://www.canarias7.es/canarias/maniobras-afectan-trafico-20210303142630-nt.html">“Some maneuvers by the US affect air traffic with the Canary Islands – Canarias” 3.3.2021</a> [9]<br /> <a href="https://www.voltairenet.org/article212431.html">«Threat from the United States and Morocco to Spain- Voltairenet.org» 16.3.2021</a> [10]<br /><br /><b>They knew something.</b></div><div class="entry-content">The USA has a base on the Moroccan-Saharawi border, the base of Tan Tan, from 2008, to the north:</div><div class="entry-content"> <a href="https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/417799/0/canarias/base/militar/">“The US opens its new military base in Tan Tan, just 300 kilometers from the Canary Islands” 2008</a> [11]<br /><br />Since 2012 it has used the Canary Islands as its western drinking trough:<br /> <a href="https://www.laprovincia.es/canarias/2012/09/13/isla-servira-base-logistica-ee-10505682.html">“The Island [las Palmas] will serve as a logistics base for the United States and its allies to intervene in the Sahel – La Provincia” 2012</a> [12]<br /><br />To close the southern clamp they plan to control the area with the building of a new base to the south of the area:<br /> <a href="https://www.intelligenceonline.com/corporate-intelligence/2021/04/07/competition-heats-up-for-nato-sahel-compound-contract,109656234-art">«Competition heats up for NATO Sahel compound contract – 04/07/2021 – Intelligence Online» 2021</a> [13]<br /><br /><b>France </b>maintains a large contingent to the east in Mali, central Sahara desert, to ensure control over the uranium mines, fertilizers and the northern Sahel, despite popular protests.<br /><a href="https://abcblogs.abc.es/tierra-mar-aire/internacional/francia-despliegue-militar.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.es%2F">“France’s Impressive Military Deployment: More than 30,000 Military in Five” Spheres “of Influence” 21.1.2021</a> [14]<br /><br /><b>Morocco </b>has been a faithful ally of the United States since the times of Hasan II and provides american corporations with natural resources plundered from their own people and from the Saharawi. It is both an ally and a competitor of Spain:<br /> <a href="https://www.elespanol.com/espana/20200705/marruecos-eeuu-rota-mohamed-vi-facilidades-americanos/502700238_0.html">«Morocco offers the US a base to close Rota: Mohamed VI gives facilities to the Americans» 2020</a> [15]<br /><br />At this stage of the war, <b>Spain </b>provides arms to both Morocco and the Polisario Front while negotiating with Mohamed IV [actual king and ruler] the future of the companies that will exploit potash and phosphates. Everything in its place:<br /> <a href="https://www.ecsaharaui.com/2021/03/espana-le-declaro-la-guerra-los.html">“Spain declared war on the Saharawis by selling and giving arms to Morocco in full offensive in Western Sahara”</a> 3.5.2021 [16]</div><div class="entry-content"><br /><b>Russia </b>is not so affected since its agriculture is extensive and moves towards its Siberian districts. <b>China </b>is an interested party, but for now it does not seem to speak, although sooner or later it will be affected. Everyone has a plan.</div><div class="entry-content"><br /><span style="font-size: large;">Transnational extractivism, the new Colonialism </span><br /><br />The interests of <b>Spain </b>are very clear:<br /> <a href="https://www.spsrasd.info/news/es/articles/2018/02/17/13599.html">«The ships and companies that plunder the phosphates of the Western Sahara occupied by Morocco>></a> Sahara Press Service 2018 [17] and «<a href="https://www.eitb.eus/es/radio/radio-euskadi/programas/graffiti/detalle/7643887/empresas-espanolas-explotan-riquezas-sahara-occidental----/">“Spanish companies exploit the riches of Western Sahara – eitb.eus”</a> 11.18.2021 [18]</div><div class="entry-content"><br />They represent European interests and stand against Moroccan interests; and of the Sahrawis. <br /><br />As you can see, the damn Ibex35 [spanish stock market] is the hand that rocks the cradle. Here are some infamous protagonists: Abengoa / Javier Benjumea, Acciona / JM Entrecanales, Gamesa-Siemems / Andreas Nauen. Although also others less known as <a href="https://www.fmc.com/en">FMC Foret</a>/ Mark Douglas-Javier Carratalá, Jealsa / Elena Chamorro, EuroPacífico, Granintra / Luis Jimenez Chirino, IsoFotón / Carlos Zambudio Jimenez, Ership / Gonzalo Alvargonzalez Figaredo, NETMAR / Ángel Riva Fierro, Meripul / Conrado Merino Inyesto or Troulo among many others. <br /><br />Construction, fishing, energy, agrochemical; and military: Expal (explosives) / <a href="https://transparencia.gob.es/servicios-buscador/contenido/curriculums.htm?id=CV_5393&lang=es&fcAct=2020-05-21T06:41:55.710Z">Jose Luis</a> <a href="https://transparencia.gob.es/servicios-buscador/contenido/curriculums.htm?id=CV_5393&lang=es&fcAct=2020-05-21T06:41:55.710Z">Urcelay Verdugo</a>, MAXAM (explosives) / Urcelay himself with Juan Carlos García Lujan, Instalaza / <a href="https://rebelion.org/un-ex-secretario-de-estado-de-aznar-representa-a-una-empresa-que-vende-bombas-de-racimo/">Leoncio Muñoz Bueno</a>MBDA (missiles) / <a href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-defense-nationale-2020-9-page-139.html">Eric Beranger</a>, SAPA (artillery) / José María Berasategui Liceaga , Indra (electromechanical) / <a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20180320/441735790156/economiaempresas--el-rey-recibe-en-audiencia-a-los-presidentes-de-sepi-navantia-e-indra.html">Fernando Abril-Martorell</a> . <p>All of them share a set of crossed interests far beyond the monetary,
strategically, since the control of trade in the area and access to
low-priced food that interests countries such as Germany, France or the
USA is at stake. . </p>
<p>Not separately, but together and under pressure from third parties
they are capable of moving the Spanish state machinery to force a
deployment of military forces in the area.</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/3e885-capture-20210503-103308.png?w=400" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="264" data-original-width="400" src="https://thefreeonline.files.wordpress.com/2021/05/3e885-capture-20210503-103308.png?w=400" /></a></div> <p></p><p><span style="font-size: large;">Silent conflict, Spain in a proxy war </span><br /></p>What is going to happen in the coming years in Morocco and the Sahara, in competition for natural resources, affecting Algeria, Mali and even Tunisia, is a direct result of the process of decolonization and recolonization in the making. <br /><br /> This colonizing process in Spain was called the Empire and the decolonizing Decadence of the Empire. This new recolonizing movement will be called Disaster.<p>The interests of Spain, of its oligarchies, are once again
trans-Mediterranean and open conflicts are envisioned with the sending
of troops in the medium-long term. </p><p>Spain, the exploiting businessmen,
yearn for phosphates, at the strategic mandate of the European powers,
whose access was cut off due to the puerile Rogue Maneuver.</p>
<p> If the Sahara had been duly decolonized, Spanish companies would
calmly exploit those resources and get a great geostrategic prize,
maintaining a defensive and containment stance against Morocco. </p>
<p>Which would have given him access to other types of contracts and
perks, such as exchanges for fishing, agricultural or hydrocarbon
quotas. An Ace in international negotiations.</p><p> The loss was not only billion dollar, it was strategic, comparable
to losing the Strait of Gibraltar. This can be understood by even the
most fanatical fascists [supporters of the king, who make the deal with Hasan II].</p>
<p>Too much power for one person. Due to the clumsy and greedy maneuver
of the robber Bourbon, the Spanish oligarchies, representatives of
international powers interested in the fight - just look at the
composition of their directors boards -, they come themselves into conflict with
Morocco; with the USA rolling as the referee.</p>
<p><b>Now they have to adopt an offensive posture instead</b>, which implies strain and
depletion; decrease in profits and assumption of losses of all kinds. </p>
<p>For this they need military support and justify interventionism:<br />–Arm both Morocco and the Arab Republic of the Democratic Sahara SADR,<br />–Promote
conflict and mutual aggression. At first, the objective is to contain
the conflict in the two countries but maintaining the threat of an
extension to the neighboring countries.<br />–Training squads to interrupt the exploitation of resources, threatening to force the intervention of third parties; meaning EU-NATO.</p>
<p>Spain delivers <b>armaments to Morocco, a poisoned gift</b>. Spain will provide arms
in exchange for commodities and money, bleeding both adversaries. For
this, it is essential to increase the tension between the fighters;
which usually involves attacks in both countries, possibly using some
fraction of <strong>Al-Qaeda / Stay Behind network.</strong></p>
<p>This rearmament will be strategically counterproductive in the
future. But who cares, if by now the quarterly balance works out. </p><p>Spain, the breadbasket of Europe, has the support of the EU, and when
the time comes it will play its card with NATO, which gives it an
advantage.</p>
<p>If this war has not transcended to the public, it is on the one hand due to the
media lock, since the same companies that invest and finance the mass
media are those that invest and finance the Agrochemicals and plunder
companies mentioned above: <a href="http://www.bancaarmada.org/es/prensa/notas-de-prensa/856-la-campanya-banca-armada-denuncia-en-bilbao-que-el-bbva-es-el-banco-de-espana-con-mas-inversion-en-el-negocio-de-la-guerra-y-que-aumenta-su-financiacion-en-las-armas-nucleares" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">armed banks</a> [19] such
as BBVA, Santander Bank, LaCaixa Bank; the own Ministry of Defense of
Spain; international investment, hedge and venture capital funds such as
Black Rock, Vanguard, Capital, JP Morgan, Berkshire Hathaway.</p>And the policy of professionalized recruitment, which transforms the state army into a mercenary army at the service of these oligarchies; that covers any military intervention with a cloak of opacity and impunity. We are in the silent conflict phase. <br /><br /><span style="font-size: large;">When will we see an open conflict?</span><br /><br />In other words, how is a casus belli generated? Attacks and terrorism. How is a war morally fueled? Fascism. The <a href="https://kaosenlared.net/una-treintena-de-militares-y-politicos-utilizaron-las-puertas-giratorias-para-aterrizar-en-empresas-armamentisticas/">rise of fascism in Spain</a> [20], France, Italy, Germany, is not accidental. This Recolonial situation did not occur in the decades of the 80s or 90s.</div><div class="entry-content"><br />The conflict that today is in its initial phases will worsen; we do not know the specific terms and times. But we can intuit how it will happen: All wars have three phases: pre-war or preparatory, confrontation or operational, and post-war or outcome. The first one already has happened and we didn’t even know about it.<br /><br />Since war was declared by the Polisarian Front we are in the operational phase and we can expect several events:<br />1-We know that right now the government of Pedro Sánchez is involved in the preparatory phase of supplying arms to both parties. This escalation is essential. Fait Accompli. <br /><br />2-As we have seen in Syria, Libya, Yemen or Iraq, the intervention of the powers is limited to air and maritime control, while land operations are delegated to local militias/ irregular armies. The conflict can continue set like this for years, allowing a comfortable plundering of resources.<br />-The next intervention would be the sending of training commands and training of military cadres that promote war operations between both countries. Surely they are already underway in the various academies and training camps.<br />-Then after air and customs control; a phase in which the United States has already entered and which will accompany Spain from Rota and Las Palmas. Developing. <br /><br />It should be followed by the increase in skirmishes and military assaults in the SADR. Later in Morocco and Mauritania. Finally in Europe. The worst geostrategic decision, a door for Popular Revolution.<br /><br />3-The milestone will be the leap to public opinion. Possibly the first attack in Spain, either under a false flag or a real one, or against Spanish interests abroad. <p>When it happens, all the corporate media will vomit their usual infoxication in unison. </p>
<p>This will be the signal to authorize direct intervention. This could
be the worst geostrategic decision made by the Spanish oligarchy since
the Sahara Exchange.</p>
<p> It will coincide with a period of internal instability/ ecological
transition that we are already experiencing due to the accumulation of
crises to which would be added the diversion of funds to the military.
It would fill the barracks and factories of impoverished people; and flowers at cemeteries. Reigning fascism.</p>
<p> Finally, the hard repression of the protests that arose against would arrive, posing scenarios more similar to those of the Melilla War
of 1909 than to those of No-to-Iraq War in 2004 [wide spread riots instead of pacific prostest]. </p>
<p>It will be the moment of disaster, because It will mean not a
government, but a domination of fascism as we have not seen since the
days of Franco’s raids. The burning, volatilization, of resources would
suppose the gradual dysfunctionality of the State, with all that this
implies. </p>
<p><strong><em>Let’s hope we’re wrong, but the scenario is very
possible; the national oligarchies are very scared. The Germans too. The
crown of Juan Carlos will cost Felipe VI many more deaths. Will he hold
on?</em></strong></p>
<p>From an objective point of view, the Sahara War is part of the
struggles to maintain the Capitalist-Oil system, characterized by: cheap
energy, centralization of production, intensivism and industry on a
world scale.</p>
<p> In the new context of shortage of high-density energy, hydrocarbons
and plastics -peak of oil- Capitalism-Post covid19, it will mean that the less energy for transport will reduce the intensity of the production
and distribution of goods. </p>
<p>This push for a decentralization of production, including food, and
de-scaling of industry; deglobalization and the creation of new economic blocks. The
importance of the world’s phosphates may have a peak, but it will
diminish in the long run, and a military adventure would only serve to
waste resources that would otherwise be used for a much more lucrative
rearrangement. </p>
<p>But of course, this decentralization supposes a net loss of power, to
which the aforementioned companies and governments are not willing. We
are seeing the last throes of an old system that breaks down, and in a
big way.</p>
<p>The reality is stubborn, the more they insist on their military
adventures, the faster their fall will be, because the faster they will
lose supports, burn their resources and increase internal resistance to
the putrescent regime; and <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2020/12/de-la-crisis-permanente-y-el-colapso.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">sooner we will approach to our revolutionary moment.</a> [21]</p>
<p>They won’t stop until they destroy the planet.</p>_____<br />Notes <br />[1] https://diario16.com/juan-carlos-i-fue-el-primero-que-tuvo-en-sus-manos-el-acta-fundacional-de-los-gal/<br />[2] https://www.publico.es/politica/espana-revisado-condecoraciones-dictadores-entregadas-juan-carlos-i.html</div><div class="entry-content">[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_1977_Amnesty_Law</div><div class="entry-content">[4] https://canarias-semanal.org/art/30422/a-45-anos-de-la-entrega-del-sahara-juan-carlos-i-canjeo-la-ex-colonia-a-cambio-de-poder-mantener-la-corona</div><div class="entry-content">[5] https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-51283951</div><div class="entry-content">[6] https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/?p=3757</div><div class="entry-content">[7] https://www.elespanol.com/mundo/20201114/peligra-fuego-sahara-marruecos-polisario-desempolvan-armas/535697845_0.html</div><div class="entry-content">[8] https://www.odt.co.nz/lifestyle/magazine/no-ti</div><div class="entry-content">[9] https://www.canarias7.es/canarias/maniobras-afectan-trafico-20210303142630-nt.html</div><div class="entry-content">[10] https://www.voltairenet.org/article212431.html</div><div class="entry-content">[11] https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/417799/0/canarias/base/militar/</div><div class="entry-content">[12] https://www.laprovincia.es/canarias/2012/09/13/isla-servira-base-logistica-ee-10505682.html</div><div class="entry-content">[13] https://www.intelligenceonline.com/corporate-intelligence/2021/04/07/competition-heats-up-for-nato-sahel-compound-contract,109656234-art</div><div class="entry-content">[14] https://abcblogs.abc.es/tierra-mar-aire/internacional/francia-despliegue-militar.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Ftarcotecacounterinfo.blogspot.com%2F</div><div class="entry-content">[15] https://www.elespanol.com/espana/20200705/marruecos-eeuu-rota-mohamed-vi-facilidades-americanos/502700238_0.html</div><div class="entry-content">[16] https://www.ecsaharaui.com/2021/03/espana-le-declaro-la-guerra-los.html</div><div class="entry-content">[17] https://www.spsrasd.info/news/es/articles/2018/02/17/13599.html</div><div class="entry-content">[18] https://www.eitb.eus/es/radio/radio-euskadi/programas/graffiti/detalle/7643887/empresas-espanolas-explotan-riquezas-sahara-occidental----/</div><div class="entry-content">[19] http://www.bancaarmada.org/es/prensa/notas-de-prensa/856-la-campanya-banca-armada-denuncia-en-bilbao-que-el-bbva-es-el-banco-de-espana-con-mas-inversion-en-el-negocio-de-la-guerra-y-que-aumenta-su-financiacion-en-las-armas-nucleares</div><div class="entry-content">[20] https://kaosenlared.net/una-treintena-de-militares-y-politicos-utilizaron-las-puertas-giratorias-para-aterrizar-en-empresas-armamentisticas/</div><div class="entry-content">[21] https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2020/12/de-la-crisis-permanente-y-el-colapso.html</div><div class="entry-content"><br /></div><div class="entry-content">About the author. <b>Pablo Heraklio</b> is a social activist and active member of spanish CNT. Its decane blog https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/ is commit with counterinfo, alternative media, political analisys, communication and translation of fair news into spanish.</div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-59293594593863265402021-05-05T12:45:00.003-07:002021-05-05T12:45:27.982-07:00International solidarity Call: May 7, at the Colombian embassies"The antimilitarist movement calls for all international solidarity for this Friday, May 7, at the Colombian embassies in every country in the world The message will be clear: For the dismantling of ESMAD and against the repression of the Colombian people <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/#">#contagioantimilitarista</a><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZE3X_JcBxp4eYoXN_85dFfkUrySMl0Vr8u5S2ADUc4uI3C2S34q7PGX5FoSmmBnWspF84Q7nxv5aqwpZSLTaYrYDNYUBYipaVlVfpQVGdf3C3a5oA1IrVB85y9ltZu4ciNQ8INKVvKDg/s720/E0lbXfdWYAQOrKC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZE3X_JcBxp4eYoXN_85dFfkUrySMl0Vr8u5S2ADUc4uI3C2S34q7PGX5FoSmmBnWspF84Q7nxv5aqwpZSLTaYrYDNYUBYipaVlVfpQVGdf3C3a5oA1IrVB85y9ltZu4ciNQ8INKVvKDg/s320/E0lbXfdWYAQOrKC.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">"The antimilitarist movement calls for all international solidarity for this Friday, May 7, at the Colombian embassies in every country in the world The message will be clear: For the dismantling of ESMAD and against the repression of the Colombian people <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/contagioantimilitarista?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#contagioantimilitarista</a> <a href="https://t.co/RmTbKFmim1">pic.twitter.com/RmTbKFmim1</a></p>— Amilsa Laila 2 (@2Amilsa) <a href="https://twitter.com/2Amilsa/status/1389742424705183745?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 5, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-12633577681664451772021-03-03T13:09:00.004-08:002021-03-03T13:20:47.432-08:00Call for solidarity with #RuymánLibertad, anarchist repressed, tortured and persecuted by the Spanish state for housing the poor 24.3.2021<span style="font-family: helvetica;"> Source - <a href="https://greenanticapitalist.org/free-ruyman/">Call for solidarity with Ruymán Rodríguez, anarchist repressed, tortured and persecuted by the Spanish state for housing the poor - Green Anti-Capitalist Media</a> 3.3.2021 by <a href="https://greenanticapitalist.org/tag/gaf-london/">GAF London</a></span><div><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit;"><br /></em></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit;"></em></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgY0ati42647ZDdgLAJTPJwJGVPdS8rukdIExTxRZk_TXIgl1ZbAn2AJqB-vZm_DLYvTyOxX_OuTughK1gwkroTb_IpyJm7KGLTm7c9ZzkQrhnQfJZNoGIdKTEszlk7w3FCkD1mIGZF_d0/s660/EvjUT1lWQAErZGV.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="296" data-original-width="660" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgY0ati42647ZDdgLAJTPJwJGVPdS8rukdIExTxRZk_TXIgl1ZbAn2AJqB-vZm_DLYvTyOxX_OuTughK1gwkroTb_IpyJm7KGLTm7c9ZzkQrhnQfJZNoGIdKTEszlk7w3FCkD1mIGZF_d0/s320/EvjUT1lWQAErZGV.jpeg" width="320" /></a></em></div><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit;">We are publishing an statement sent to us by <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">GAF London</span> as well as a translation of the one released by F<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">ederación Anarquista Gran Canaria</span>. You can see the amazing work the FAGC does by listening to <a href="https://kolektiva.media/videos/watch/db945177-36c2-4d8b-a1dc-b8560c0e92d3" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #b21100; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">our recent interview with one of them</a>. Please remember that <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;"><a href="https://greenanticapitalist.org/introducing-gam/" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #b21100; text-decoration-line: none;">Green Anti-capitalist Media</a></span> simply publishes what we receive and we don’t necessarily endorse or condone any of the opinions it contains.</em><p></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit;">Here is the statement by GAF London followed by the translation bellow.</em></p><hr class="wp-block-separator" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: content-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Merriweather, Georgia, serif; font-size: 16px; height: 1px; margin: 0px auto 1.75em; max-width: 100px; opacity: 0.4;" /><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;">We’ve translated an statement <a href="https://twitter.com/FAGC_Anarquista/status/1367076037268496390" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #b21100; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">published</a> by the <b>F<span style="box-sizing: inherit;">ederación </span></b><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Anarquista Gran Canaria</span> (Gran Canaria Anarquist Federation) where they detail the political persecution of their member <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ruymán Rodríguez</span>, who is facing false charges to cover up the brutal violence they inflicted upon him as part of a ploy to repress the radical housing movement in Gran Canaria. The FAGC he’s part of has been involved in a very successful social movement for housing in Gran Canaria and has helped hundreds of families left abandoned by the state. Like any other threat to its legitimacy, the state couldn’t allow this to continue unchallenged.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;">This happens as the protests for the political incarceration of Catalan anti-fascist rapper <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Pablo</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Hasél</span> continue. And in fact just as it’s announced that 8 anarchists <a href="https://enoughisenough14.org/2021/03/03/catalonia-cops-raided-nabat-squat-after-8-anarchist-comrades-were-arrested-in-barcelona-on-saturday/" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #b21100; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">have been arrested</a> accused without evidence of participating in the burning of a police van during these protests. This is clearly a move against the whole of the anarchist and anti-authoritarian movement, which they seek to use as the scapegoat to try to smother the flames of revolt spreading all over the Spanish state after years of pent up rage for the many injustices the people have suffered under it.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;">It’s also difficult not to notice the significance of this happening only a day after we remembered the anniversary of the death of <a href="https://enoughisenough14.org/2021/03/02/salvador-puig-antich-collected-writings-on-repression-and-resistance-in-francos-spain/" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #b21100; text-decoration-line: none;">Salvador Puig</a>, an anti-capitalist killed by the Francoist regime in what became the last death sentence in Spain to date, precipitating the end of the dictatorship soon after. As we can see, the transition to democracy made little difference in stopping the political repression or solve any of the issues accosting the people. Rather, it has allowed for the crimes of the dictatorship to go unpunished and for all the institutions that create misery for the people, such as the <em style="box-sizing: inherit;">guarcia civil</em> that tortured Ruy, to continue operating unchallenged. This is the nature of democracies: a more stable and cunning form of domination.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;">We therefore cannot see this as anything else but the continuation of the campaign of social warfare states wage against their people to keep them under their rule. This war is always takes place unilaterally by the state even when there’s not significant opposition to it, but it escalates as soon as its subjects attempt to fight back by abandoning the useless calls for civility and non-violence, the meaningless gestures, marches and electoral aspirations. The arrival of the “most progressive government in the history of the democracy” in Spain has done nothing to stop this. And in fact, it has allowed it to continue more efficiently and brutal than ever by buying the support of parts of the left with electoral promises of representation.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;">It’s in this context that we call on all members of the international anarchist, anti-authoritarian and antifascist movement to extend their solidarity to Ruymán Rodríguez and the FAGC as well as to everyone else suffering the repression of the Spanish state. Just as they ramp up their campaign of violence, so must we increase the intensity of our fight for freedom. Messages and shows of solidarity are needed, but also actions that target the state and its institutions. No matter in what part of the world you find yourself, our enemy is the same. And any threat to one of its parts affects the whole. Let them feel the fear of those who won’t bow down to their violence.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Solidarity with Ruymán Rodríguez!</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Solidarity with the victims of state violence!</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Burn down the prisons, free all prisoners!</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">#RuymánLibertad</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">#FreeRuyma</span>n</span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em;"><span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">– GAF London</span></p></div>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-43019554235684774352020-07-11T00:18:00.001-07:002020-07-11T00:18:35.431-07:00No safety, No return! - No Work campaign<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiab8M9skDLIMGK6vKt1HzfMIeJsZcNHIxc5tqWmC37J2cTdQIku8D3LGAOVjxDowsmZ01yNq_cvSqFxPdkU5UW1p1Oz-zhFoiLtuIXN6DDwqmAMG58NcDlUq7P9OIG_DOux2AmvaXQE2Q/s1600/hqdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="480" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiab8M9skDLIMGK6vKt1HzfMIeJsZcNHIxc5tqWmC37J2cTdQIku8D3LGAOVjxDowsmZ01yNq_cvSqFxPdkU5UW1p1Oz-zhFoiLtuIXN6DDwqmAMG58NcDlUq7P9OIG_DOux2AmvaXQE2Q/s320/hqdefault.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
No safety, No return!<br />
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Many workers are being asked to work in unsafe environments. Many more will be asked to do so as they return to work over the coming days and weeks.<br />
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The Anarchist Communist Group (ACG) is launching a No Safety, No Work campaign. This is a campaign to be led by workers trying to keep themselves and others safe at work in the time of Covid 19. We know that the working class cannot rely on employers or the government to keep us safe.<br />
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Tens of thousands of people have died in this pandemic, and even more are killed in the work place every year. None of these deaths were inevitable but were the results of the greed of the bosses and the rulers of our society. As more and more people are returning to work, the government has not passed a single law guaranteeing workers safety but has issued guidance to employers. This is not enough to keep us safe.<br />
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See more here:<br />
<a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anarchistcommunism.org%2Fcampaigns%2F%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR1jvh2c-hFlu6Tc2G76TRS0M2JhK8BHU6sVTYa6IYF9K4RcuMx74_4v9I8&h=AT2PEr7QIDNDeKSo1rbQpAK-Im3d8syxIGv0dU1jJIw7M5sauMmuy3kPO6zTnKZLwl_TNI-uLRJbOX5oaUoImHJtUREFqKkbLEBe11Ab5ONDM8bayBw9c470O2bMSd4DUG1eKbCpEfZCqwQ4tvhYpT6DJQGDJRoH_-5Q5r75Ilar56oVg5PAZsqUqnnU2sPVi-5yYsEI33yzk4gjsqbMb3qszNrDgUf4kIImNBjlEPDj2cYrO-tpstM1PRCEUg44G1eLCludSxBktpb63Jk81SdBYXSQ_ws2-FfccaBw6zc5fEDAt7jTQpTYbSXh-5VeVioQ3YGOBmcnEx3m8K7D2EhABjwxj_Ibzh2zXlJ4p98HJx7o-td0rXlICP01TmAmAuH5lfsWjxyhv5O_tn9Dgyr0A63CJ31YQgC2mbujwrNfjnEUx-zxc1E-x2QrLOTRDXBdKbhLSDk9Sb-0_nWR33RiiZKfNrSRoyhq7ANe2FjpD1ZJZpl_AeDo_oZUnLNZ-n5OIv2M3ZT0SK1-7nJj5MG7Z0pUH-eQS0oilc45rXfh3gUjKp16A0bY0SjLSVy6MRU3nllxMU4cGr4IBiIYxPmzR-GHowPYnIrawBdugCs-4Kn2K6VzD1rGJ36lVK8">https://www.anarchistcommunism.org/campaigns/</a><br />
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/No-Safety-No-Return-105770057868876/?eid=ARDBeXhi4LOZUZBD6Unvs2S-OGJs9ovZiKNgsyvZtRBZkE7k8-BxlPirFmXK0ozPXykweQ55yzvvvPzw">https://www.facebook.com/No-Safety-No-Return-105770057868876/?eid=ARDBeXhi4LOZUZBD6Unvs2S-OGJs9ovZiKNgsyvZtRBZkE7k8-BxlPirFmXK0ozPXykweQ55yzvvvPzw</a><br />
<br />
Public Zoom meeting to discuss the No Safety, No Work campaign by the ACG. Link to the meeting via the eventbrite.<br />
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/events/706520666585711/?notif_t=plan_user_invited&notif_id=1594172201289759">https://www.facebook.com/events/706520666585711/?notif_t=plan_user_invited&notif_id=1594172201289759</a><br />
Tuesday, 14 July 2020Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-41655408134350988262020-05-30T11:58:00.001-07:002020-05-30T12:01:01.052-07:00George Floyd Solidarity In The Bay Area: Representation And PowerSource- <a href="https://itsgoingdown.org/george-floyd-solidarity-in-the-bay-area-representation-and-power/">George Floyd Solidarity in the Bay Area: Representation and Power - It's Going Down</a> 29.5.2020 Anonymous<br />
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A Critique Of Weaponized Identity Politics Used To Silence Rebels And Gain Political Capital. Written By Anarchist People Of Color And Originally Published To Indybay.<br />
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“We must never forget that the insurrectionary project belongs to the masses alone; organizers help it – leaders betray it.” – Raoul Vaneigem</blockquote>
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This is an open letter to provoke an alternative political position to the weaponized authoritarian use of identity politics. Self-pronounced leaders in the Bay Area have tried to insinuate that anyone who desires conflict with the police after the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis are “White people [who] DON’T get to use Black pain to justify living out riot fantasies.” As if the real white fantasy isn’t people of color policing their own behavior in order to save the white supremacist society from being destroyed. This is an old trick that is worth being exposed, again.<br />
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Power operates through representation. In court it’s “the people” vs. the defendant, the state purports to represent all people against the criminal activity of an individual. In movements it’s the leaders who pretend to represent us when saying it’s not time or it’s not safe for us to revolt, usually hiding behind the vulnerability and power of the uncontrollable youth of color. They mediate our rage in order to gain a seat at the table of power. They are aspiring politicians. This type of power, similar to state power, operates on false binaries. George W. Bush told us “you’re either with us, or with the terrorists” and the movement leaders tell us “you’re either peaceful or you’re a provocateur”, or in this case they weaponize identity politics for obedience to their ideology: “you do what we say or you’re white.” They erase the rage of people of color because they cannot gain power from us. Since it is impossible to choose between such ridiculous choices “we are led into the realm of tolerance and relativity that is so dear to the bourgeoisie” ( Vaneigm, 1967). We are forced to choose a side where in the end, hierarchical power remains intact, and thus the ruling order only changes in branding.<br />
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Solidarity demonstration with the uprising in <a class="PrettyLink hashtag customisable" data-query-source="hashtag_click" data-scribe="element:hashtag" dir="ltr" href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Minneapolis?src=hash" rel="tag" style="background-color: transparent; color: #2b7bb9; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="PrettyLink-prefix">#</span><span class="PrettyLink-value">Minneapolis</span></a> against the police murder of <a class="PrettyLink hashtag customisable" data-query-source="hashtag_click" data-scribe="element:hashtag" dir="ltr" href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/GeorgeFloyd?src=hash" rel="tag" style="background-color: transparent; color: #2b7bb9; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="PrettyLink-prefix">#</span><span class="PrettyLink-value">GeorgeFloyd</span></a>. This Friday 5/29 8pm Downtown Oakland Oscar Grant (14th & Broadway). <a class="link customisable" data-expanded-url="https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2020/05/28/18833331.php" data-scribe="element:url" dir="ltr" href="https://t.co/ivtmZ8B9Ga" rel="nofollow noopener" style="background-color: transparent; color: #2b7bb9; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2020/05/28/18833331.php"><span class="u-hiddenVisually" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important; height: 1px !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important;">https://www.</span>indybay.org/newsitems/2020<span class="u-hiddenVisually" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important; height: 1px !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important;">/05/28/18833331.php </span>…</a></div>
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<br />
As insurrectionary anarchists of color it’s important to demystify a few facts:<br />
when the youth of color decided to take the 580 freeway on 5/28/20 it wasn’t movement leaders they called for support- it was us, because we love their rage and want nothing but for them to be successful and safe. After all it’s because of our failures that they live in a world where police continue to murder with impunity, yet movement leaders are constantly drowning out their grief, rage, and agency with calls to give peace a chance, all in the name of same youth they are repressing. Representation is impossible with an uncontrollable force, because it is not legible or respectable, it can’t get you votes or make you look good on the internet. In this particular case the “leaders” are visibly out of touch with what is actually happening in the street.<br />
<div>
<br />
Our political desire is not to consolidate power through identity politics. The nationalist failures at decolonization revealed that the colonial structures of the State and racial identity as a whole must be abolished in order to gain our freedom. Categories are only useful in analytically understanding power, but I am not only my oppression. It is not an essential characteristic of my being; my love for my comrades is, my desire for total freedom is, the joy I receive in rebellion during upheaval is.<br />
<br />
Until all the prison doors are open, and the border comes crashing down, we’ll see you on the barricades.</div>
Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-45238460219000070732020-05-17T01:16:00.002-07:002020-05-17T01:16:33.692-07:00Towards an Anarchism in the Philippine Archipelago [Revised Version]<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9yRC5_oXFh3W0uGCVyQJWJ7lieZaAdH3NIRahGrlQ5wr_DQ-I7atDKW6vBcYTb_OveJ_DpgBfIeP8zD8vq9pgVG8lTSTgHm2jMaAlSIPdoETjrbbwg-PfLsZbPFer5nDfnjp1AmjWhRY/s1600/ancom_philippines_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9yRC5_oXFh3W0uGCVyQJWJ7lieZaAdH3NIRahGrlQ5wr_DQ-I7atDKW6vBcYTb_OveJ_DpgBfIeP8zD8vq9pgVG8lTSTgHm2jMaAlSIPdoETjrbbwg-PfLsZbPFer5nDfnjp1AmjWhRY/s1600/ancom_philippines_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9yRC5_oXFh3W0uGCVyQJWJ7lieZaAdH3NIRahGrlQ5wr_DQ-I7atDKW6vBcYTb_OveJ_DpgBfIeP8zD8vq9pgVG8lTSTgHm2jMaAlSIPdoETjrbbwg-PfLsZbPFer5nDfnjp1AmjWhRY/s1600/ancom_philippines_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="550" data-original-width="858" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9yRC5_oXFh3W0uGCVyQJWJ7lieZaAdH3NIRahGrlQ5wr_DQ-I7atDKW6vBcYTb_OveJ_DpgBfIeP8zD8vq9pgVG8lTSTgHm2jMaAlSIPdoETjrbbwg-PfLsZbPFer5nDfnjp1AmjWhRY/s320/ancom_philippines_1.jpg" width="320" /></a>Source - <a href="https://anarchistsworldwide.noblogs.org/post/2020/05/16/towards-an-anarchism-in-the-philippine-archipelago-revised-version/">Towards an Anarchism in the Philippine Archipelago [Revised Version] | Anarchists Worldwide</a> 16.5.2020 by Simoun Magsalin<br />
<br />
Abstract: The politics in the Philippine archipelago is dominated by hierarchical and alienating politics as represented by reformism and National Democracy. Against these the paper forwards the liberatory politics of anarchism. The paper introduces anarchist concepts such as egalitarian organizing, mutual aid, and direct action for people unfamiliar with these concepts. After situating anarchism in the anti-authoritarian struggles in the archipelago, the paper also argues for a shift in the anarchist politics of the archipelago from an autonomist anarchism towards a revolutionary politics as a social movement.<br /><br />There is a necessity for a liberatory politics in the Archipelago known as the Philippines and as anarchists we think Anarchism has the framework to fill this need. The dominant forms of politics we have now are insufficient for developing a liberatory politics in the archipelago. This liberatory politics becomes a necessity because politics in the Philippines is currently an alienating affair—a politics done to people rather than people doing politics. We are also dominated by domineering structures and institutions like the market, capitalism, and the state. Against these we forward the liberatory politics of anarchism for a world beyond domination.<br /><br />Download PDF: <a href="https://anarchistsworldwide.noblogs.org/files/2020/05/Towards-an-Anarchism-in-the-Philippine-Archipelago-revision-2020-04-04.pdf">Towards an Anarchism in the Philippine Archipelago (revision 2020-04-04)</a>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-24183829195007417032020-03-08T17:18:00.001-07:002020-03-08T17:41:50.493-07:00Sabotage Tactics: "Wheel Hunters" vs Police Vehicles<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmUApmwRfOAy251toT594R2rb0c2nNqgfNq-YAxvGXb_NblE4QHFZ7YraYW_xB1OS3l7dEbmrb6HfiMMFx5zf3cyBnYAqhHqBtodQ4OIswc85CsP8ueu_1YNyLrbqn0dLlenmrY4oDk_g/s1600/w9BosFr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmUApmwRfOAy251toT594R2rb0c2nNqgfNq-YAxvGXb_NblE4QHFZ7YraYW_xB1OS3l7dEbmrb6HfiMMFx5zf3cyBnYAqhHqBtodQ4OIswc85CsP8ueu_1YNyLrbqn0dLlenmrY4oDk_g/s320/w9BosFr.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
If you look closely almost every police intervention requires vehicles. And even the Power Rangers need wheels. <b>The vehicles </b><b>and not radio or riot gear, not even the policemen themselves, are the key to their capacity to intervent. </b>A mobile unit without mobility is just useless.<br />
<br />
It can not be understood why there are still areas that suffer the militarized police ravages that do not use this easy and so effective tactics.<br />
<br />
First of all the wheels are not punch, but cut to be precise. Cutting wheels in any of its variety and situatios [<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2012/03/tecnicas-de-sabotaje-pinchar-ruedas-y.html" target="_blank">Here Manual in spanish</a>] is by far the easiest, cheapest and most effective method to counterrest its immediate repressive action.<br />
<br />
Especially organized in coordinated parties of <b>"Wheel Hunters"</b> (see below).<br />
<br />
I.e. a campaign of 20 vehicles per day for a week would collapse car cranes, workshops and some stocks. To increase the kaos, also cut the wheels of these same car cranes.<br />
<br />
We agree that burning vehicles is in any case the most effective and definitive but has a number of drawbacks: alert all the rest of cops, reinforcements are call, they use to carry fire extinguishers in their vehicles, they will be likely to initiate an CSI investigation and request CCTV records, which could initiate a repressive campaign, if you get caught in the action they will charge you with terrorism and murder attempted, and much more dangerous, you will face a shot instead of a blow.<br />
<br />
<b>Targets:</b><br />
The easiest target to punctureare are the unattended cars and motorcycles. These are surely not part of the patrols involved in demonstrations or raids. That means that is less effective.<br />
<br />
The most important objetive to be punch are POLICE VANS. They are the preferred objectives since it can stack 6 to 10 hitmen and its action.<br />
- Wait for the van to be stop, empty and the pigs away. Obviously if there are pigs inside they will jump out to defend it.<br />
- Inside there will always remain the driver, but he will not get out unless he catches real fire. Of course, he will alert his teammates by radio.<br />
<br />
<b>Situations:</b><br />
The easiest is to move by motorcycle or bike, even on foot, and puncture <b>unattended vehicles</b>.<br />
<br />
It is not difficult, but dangerous, to cut wheels at the height of a police intervention when two conditions are met:<br />
- the cops decrease the attention in the vehicle, they are distracted and<br />
- they are away from the vehicle so that they would not reach you in a foot race.<br />
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<b>Tactics:</b><br />
- Sneak: If they are distracted with something but close to the vehicle, be very careful and use stealth and concealment to evoid alert them. Not recommended due to the risk of alert.<br />
<br />
- Distraction: The cop have to be far from the vehicle so even if they are aware of you they can not reach you running. In that case you will not even need any stealth. Take advantage of the opportunity and run. Have ready an escape route. Not recommended due to reveal you in fraganti.<br />
<br />
<b>"Wheel Hunters":</b><br />
Pack Hunters of 2 or more people. RECOMENDED as it combines distraction and stealth, creating the necessary diversion to hit furtive and safely.<br />
<br />
- One person per wheel, minimun 2 wheels, preferably the one behind the co-driver, sneaky approaching from the blind spot of the vehicle, take the opportunity to cut the wheel. Estimated time: 5-10 seconds.<br />
<br />
- One or more taunt the hitmen to catch their attention and if possible make them move them from their vehicles. Do something that call the attention of the cops and make them move close away from the vehicle. Some times a riot, or a fake fight, or just insulting.<br />
<br />
Estimated time: the one the cops take to stay away from the car or van. They usually have little patience.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Whatever you do, not get caught!</span></div>
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More information at: "<a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2012/03/tecnicas-de-sabotaje-pinchar-ruedas-y.html" target="_blank">Sabotage techniques: how to puncture wheels and tires</a>" Es 17.3.2012<br />
Spanish version: <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2020/03/sabotaje-la-policia-cazadores-de-ruedas.html">Técnicas de Sabotaje: "Cazadores de Ruedas" vs Vehículos Policiales</a> 8.3.2020Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-67443289563274041522020-03-06T15:23:00.002-08:002020-03-07T05:44:03.472-08:002nd International Meeting: 3 Days Against Techno-Sciences – Italy, July 2020<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInXjM62Gq2vu3xBWbYGoE4tVfCyScZWAxh99F6CC0oM_3NgGOqdOGtqWa_ohF2NBEb0ZVoHGYN0-rHKC2EBc706FyENWh51YAcOlW7OfrVzsir0qhav6xgOukDFjBXzGMpiSQlP5vAJk/s1600/2nd+International+Meeting-+3+Days+Against+Techno-Sciences.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInXjM62Gq2vu3xBWbYGoE4tVfCyScZWAxh99F6CC0oM_3NgGOqdOGtqWa_ohF2NBEb0ZVoHGYN0-rHKC2EBc706FyENWh51YAcOlW7OfrVzsir0qhav6xgOukDFjBXzGMpiSQlP5vAJk/s1600/2nd+International+Meeting-+3+Days+Against+Techno-Sciences.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiInXjM62Gq2vu3xBWbYGoE4tVfCyScZWAxh99F6CC0oM_3NgGOqdOGtqWa_ohF2NBEb0ZVoHGYN0-rHKC2EBc706FyENWh51YAcOlW7OfrVzsir0qhav6xgOukDFjBXzGMpiSQlP5vAJk/s1600/2nd+International+Meeting-+3+Days+Against+Techno-Sciences.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a></div>
Source - <a href="https://325.nostate.net/2020/03/02/2nd-international-meeting-3-days-against-techno-sciences-italy-july-2020/">2nd International Meeting: 3 Days Against Techno-Sciences – Italy, July 2020</a> 2.3.2020 325nostate<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUCPBMWgs64-bs7cCyod-A2kSBXl7z-igqjlE4OFWdp73oaKyN2bjbNCCiFyijL0XDasjhN32KHtsqnyDBQRojAT-y16eZvtwxqXLrn2r1to0Rwe1i9fGOX-E5Lq2lHuBtCDpuCropFuo/s1600/cropped-testata-it.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="313" data-original-width="900" height="111" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUCPBMWgs64-bs7cCyod-A2kSBXl7z-igqjlE4OFWdp73oaKyN2bjbNCCiFyijL0XDasjhN32KHtsqnyDBQRojAT-y16eZvtwxqXLrn2r1to0Rwe1i9fGOX-E5Lq2lHuBtCDpuCropFuo/s320/cropped-testata-it.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
This year too, we are proposing an informal, convivial and international opportunity for discussion and reflection among individuals and organisations engaged in building an analysis and a critique of what we may call the technoworld. A world which is going through an epoch-making paradigm shift, where all bodies and our very experience have become one of the most important new raw materials. Engineering of the living and digital control are increasingly replacing a large part of the previous market of commodities, which are becoming obsolete. On a planet which has been plundered well beyond its biological limits, the re-designing through synthetic biology and artificial reproduction in a eugenic key of human beings and their management represents the new path forward. This of course for those who will be included in the new power arrangement, for the others no plans have emerged, or perhaps the fact that they have not been presented is already an answer in itself, they will certainly not be satisfied with merely marginalising a part of the world.<br />
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For those who ask where the current system, based on systematic exploitation of the planet, can find a way to reorganise itself, incorporating into its discourse the farce of sustainability, the answer lies in taking over human beings themselves: managed, influenced and addressed in their behaviour so that they themselves produce processes which can turn them into commodities. This is the true essence of green and sustainable policies to save the planet from so many catastrophes, of which climate catastrophe is only a part. Human beings who will soon be genetically edited in a process of ongoing perfectibility, where the body will be seen as a limit to be overcome, where what is human will be considered an error, and must therefore continuously adapt to a machine world. A techno-scientific adaptability which will become the only possibility. We can now seem how the cybernetic paradigm, according to which “the environment we live in has always been so radically modified that today we are forced to modify ourselves”, takes a material and dramatic shape.<br />
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One of the main motors of this process is so-called artificial intelligence, increasingly pervasive, which does not impose is will by force, but is moving into every sphere of our existence, without giving us time to understand where and when this process began, and especially makes it superfluous or impossible to understand its more profound processes.<br />
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In these months, we have been seeing how quickly the 5G network is being launched in the world, and how this merely represents the beginning of the overwhelming flow of the internet of commodified bodies. We have also seen in China the management and control of millions of people through the 5G network and other surveillance technologies, in order to handle the quickly spreading Coronavirus contagion. Control and management on such a vast scale has never before been seen o attempted. An experiment which closely involves the international scientific milieu, the one that wears a white smock over camouflage: never has such a huge laboratory been thought of before, and the old form of totalitarianism, in a large part of the world, is fading off to make way to soft control and management of bodies, more effective however than repression and barbed wire. As supporters of artificial intelligence and their transhumanist fans have repeatedly announced, the real strength and power of these technologies lies in the fact that they intervene in dealing with the new and most critical challenges the planet will be facing in the near future. We have become used to war as a model for reinforcing power and creating and managing new markets. Today, there is also something new: a cybernetic and transhumanist paradigm which expresses itself through algorithms, often leaving it to these to solve problems, something which is blended in the lab with surprising efficiency, where apps and prescriptions dressed up as suggestions sent by smartphone in China have turned millions of people into sanitary prison guards of themselves.<br />
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Around us, profound transformations need to be understood, the analyses we make with the usual interpretations are limited and reductive, they are not able to grasp today’s transformations, power evolves and so must our analyses: this is the basis for undertaking and assigning priorities to fight for. How can one fight something one does not know? What one cannot understand? There are fundamental epochal shifts going on, shifts we need to understand. We have to see in which direction power is moving, before it fully implements its projects, so we do not come too late, and especially so they do not find us once again unprepared.<br />
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It is with this spirit that we are organising this year a second meeting, scheduled for the month of July, in order to involve organisations and individuals from various countries already engaged in a profound and clear analysis of the present, and actively involved in opposition to the developments of techno-sciences. An involvement which may break the glass window of inevitability through which too many stare passively at the course of events. A meeting to reinforce critical thinking in discussion with other organisations and individuals, who may follow different paths, but share a common desire to understand what is going on around us.<br />
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We shall focus on smart cities, 5G networks, artificial intelligence, transhumanism, artificial reproduction of human beings, genetic engineering and redesigning of living beings through synthetic biology.<br />
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The programme, place of meeting and exact dates will be made known shortly.<br />
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Since this meeting is entirely self-organised and with very limited means, please help us spread this text wherever there may be listening ears and burning hearts, worried about the near future which is already our present.<br />
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Collettivo Resistenze al Nanomondo<br />
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For information and contact:<br />
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<a href="http://www.resistenzealnanomondo.org/">www.resistenzealnanomondo.org</a>, info@resistenzealnanomondo.org<br />
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PDF Second international meeting: [<a href="https://325.nostate.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Second-international-meeting.pdf" target="_blank">Eng</a>], <a href="https://www.resistenzealnanomondo.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/secondo-incontro-tecno-scienze.pdf" target="_blank">[It]</a>, translation to <a href="https://tarcoteca.blogspot.com/2020/03/2-encuentro-internacional-3-dias-contra.html" target="_blank">[Esp]</a>Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-57617168856104917522020-02-14T05:29:00.001-08:002020-02-14T09:12:00.157-08:00PDF: How to Destroy Cell Phone Towers - 325nonstate<a href="https://325.nostate.net/2020/02/13/poster-mast-fires-map-solidarity-with-badger-uk/" target="_blank">Fourteen arson attacks</a> against telecommunications and mobile phone masts in the Bristol and Bath area took place over the last decade. This is the DIY manual they used on their incursions.<br />
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Thank you comrades!</div>
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Health! PHkl/tctca<br />
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_______</div>
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Source - <a href="https://325.nostate.net/2020/02/13/pdf-how-to-destroy-cell-phone-towers/">PDF: How to Destroy Cell Phone Towers</a> 325nostate 13.2.2020<br />
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PDF: <a href="https://325.nostate.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/how-to.pdf">How to destroy cell phone towers</a><br />
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;">How to Destroy Cell Phone Towers</span></div>
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<b>Recipe: </b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRcQmjlhRt7GIy1S9wXm26-eA45nBuZgjF023xjmZuI1HXhRDDovybQiBrlfAqNMNlENSuOVFgDGqgNMuAHQKkty6LgMbuBaGQELM5H9F2ZtXp_DQPf27OX5IOvftNs82GYTxPk1lbVYc/s1600/how-to.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1068" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRcQmjlhRt7GIy1S9wXm26-eA45nBuZgjF023xjmZuI1HXhRDDovybQiBrlfAqNMNlENSuOVFgDGqgNMuAHQKkty6LgMbuBaGQELM5H9F2ZtXp_DQPf27OX5IOvftNs82GYTxPk1lbVYc/s320/how-to.png" width="213" /></a></div>
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Standard size cell phone tower, used by two or three cell carriers.<br />
Usually on the front of the installation there will be a sign noting the companies.<br />
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<b>Ingredients:</b><br />
2-3 comrades<br />
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Entry tools (Boltcroppers, Wiresnips, etc)<br />
Gloves, Mask, Clean Clothes, Hat, Cap or Hood (for DNA traces)<br />
Fuel (500ml, White Spirit or Kerosene preferred instead of Benzine/Petrol)<br />
Fuel (100ml of Benzine/Petrol)<br />
Firelighters, Several Lighters, Long Pole or Stick (up to 15ft)<br />
Thick Rags/Towelling (to absorb the fuel)<br />
Small Tyre which is easy to fit in a rucksack (from Wheelbarrow, Quad Bike, Moto etc)<br />
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Stage 1. Recon the target. Locate the weak point in the installation, which is where the network cables depart from the mast vertical and enter horizontally or similar into the electrical source, which is usually either a small reinforced building or box. The exposed cables may be located at ground level or up to 15ft up the mast for example. Note estimated timings, entry and exit points, security cameras, motion sensors, lighting etc. Aim to execute the action within 15 mins.<br />
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Stage 2. Check and enter the site, climb the mast if needed, cut the cable ties that bunch the wires together at the weak point you located earlier. Wedge the tyre in between the cables securely and stuff the tyre with rags and wrap some rags around the cables climbing up the mast from that point. Soak the rags inside the tyre and up the mast with fuel. Take care not to cover yourself with fuel traces, prevent unneeded forensic evidence and do not set yourself on fire. If you are using a pre-made timed incendiary device place it inside the tyre and set it. Climb down.<br />
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Stage 3. If using a timed device, leave the site immediately. If not, check the site and your exit points quickly. This second check is to prevent any detection, unnecessary injuries or death due to the extended nature of the action.<br />
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Stage 4. Light the fire using a pole or stick wrapped with fuel-soaked rags, Benzine is better here as the wind can get very strong where these mast are located usually. Light the rags inside the tyre from a distance, getting as far back as possible. If the tyre is small, then the fire is smaller, and detection is lessened. Practice operating in windy environments to get used to using fire at altitude and in difficult circumstances. Leave immediately.<br />
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<b>Security: </b></div>
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Dispose of all materials used in the sabotage action and do not return to the site. Police scientific teams will extensively search the target’s area, entry and exit points, and routes to and from, for any trace of material they can use as evidence.<br />
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This recipe is open to be adapted and developed for use wherever it is needed, larger and more complex targets and systems need more developed plans of attack. Trial and error are the guide.<br />
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Against 5G & the world which needs it</div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-49996183638331238532020-02-03T13:05:00.002-08:002020-03-09T13:14:00.378-07:00对于我们在中国的同志<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia5plQlBrMn9ofhgDTtmk0iBYVlL_K0_1gwxc-0dHYAi91D_it6vjRWgC5fHHslQeQuTvn4KxnffGHIB8Eh2i_WtxO68l17Mw9D2Y-_9Z1ddvH_ethRLN5_JGa8zn9sc1CBwlluyshlYc/s1600/1492122498454-11_MERTZ.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1081" data-original-width="850" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia5plQlBrMn9ofhgDTtmk0iBYVlL_K0_1gwxc-0dHYAi91D_it6vjRWgC5fHHslQeQuTvn4KxnffGHIB8Eh2i_WtxO68l17Mw9D2Y-_9Z1ddvH_ethRLN5_JGa8zn9sc1CBwlluyshlYc/s320/1492122498454-11_MERTZ.jpeg" width="251" /></a>对于我们在中国的同志:<br />
我们知道,最近有更多人在阅读我们在中国的网站。 我们希望收到您的新闻,经验和想法。<br />
例如,关于由新病毒引起的紧急状态。 关于香港的起义。 警察监视。 社会控制的新技术。 您可以写信给我们,让我们尝试将无政府状态传播到任何地方。<br />
我们想了解21世纪中国持不同政见者,叛乱分子,无政府主义者和革命者的生活。<br />
<br />
对于新一波的团结和黑人国际。<br />
<br />
联系我们,我们可以使用加密通信。<br />
<br />
325<br />
<br />
–<br />
<br />
For our comrades in China:<br />
We know that many more people are reading <a href="https://325.nostate.net/2020/02/01/%e5%af%b9%e4%ba%8e%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e5%9c%a8%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%90%8c%e5%bf%97/" target="_blank">our website</a> in China recently.<br />
<div>
<br />
We want to receive your news, experiences and ideas.</div>
<div>
For example, about the State of Emergency caused by the new virus. About the uprising in Hong Kong. Police surveillance. New technologies for social control. You can write to us and let us try to spread anarchy everywhere.</div>
<div>
We want to understand the lives of Chinese dissidents, insurgents, anarchists, and revolutionaries in the 21st century.<br />
<br />
For a new wave of solidarity and the Black International.<br />
<br />
Contact us and we can use encrypted communication.<br />
<br />
325</div>
Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-47220822371019360522019-10-26T15:43:00.001-07:002019-10-26T15:43:27.698-07:00MILICIANAS - Anniversary /80/ Aniversario (1936 - 1939)Source - <a href="https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1522759383/milicianas-anniversary-80-aniversario-1936-1939?ref=by318f&token=9f28dc59">MILICIANAS - Anniversary /80/ Aniversario (1936 - 1939) by Bookata LLC — Kickstarter</a> oct 2019<br />
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Their war will never be forgotten - A photo book celebrating women contribution to the Spanish Civil War<br /><br />Acerca de<br /><br />On the 80th anniversary of the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939, we are asking for your support in bringing to life some of the most iconic republican posters and photos of milicianas in a beautiful photo-book, contextualized with timeless quotes from women who fought in World War II.<br /><br />Selected testimonies from veteran Soviet women soldiers were chosen from The Unwomanly Face of War by Svetlana Alexievich, winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize for Literature. The brilliant work was translated in English by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (used with permission).<br /><br />Con el 80 aniversario de la tragedia que rodea el fin de la guerra civil española en 1939, solicitamos su apoyo para reavivar fotos y carteles de milicianas – representaciones republicanas más emblemáticas de la época, en un hermoso portafolio contextualizado con citas intemporales de mujeres que lucharon en la Segunda Guerra Mundial.<br /><br />Los testimonios de las soldadas veteranas soviéticas fueron seleccionados por Svetlana Alexievich, ganadora del Premio Nobel de Literatura 2015, en su famoso La guerra no tiene rostro de mujer. La brillante obra fue traducida al inglés por Richard Pevear y Larissa Volokhonsky (usando con permiso).<div class="rte__content js-full-description responsive-media" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div class="template asset" contenteditable="false" data-alt-text="" data-caption="" data-id="26939931" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #282828; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 3rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<figure style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="fit" src="https://ksr-ugc.imgix.net/assets/026/939/931/2a77da6f258189a60e8905550b0eaa47_original.jpg?ixlib=rb-2.1.0&w=680&fit=max&v=1571766577&auto=format&gif-q=50&q=92&s=f949f409ecc8c75e1f924d28e7786c99" style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></figure></div>
Many supporters of our first project, the 2019 Spanish Civil War Republican calendar, have asked for more posters and photos of these powerful women, represented in vintage propaganda.<br /></div>
<div class="rte__content js-full-description responsive-media" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
We will create a beautiful book featuring 80 vintage posters and photos of powerful women figures. <br /></div>
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Muchos de los amigos de nuestro primer proyecto (el 2019 calendario republicano de la Guerra Civil española) no han pedido más carteles y fotos de estas heroicas mujeres, representadas en propaganda de época.<br /><br />Con este proyecto crearemos un hermoso libro con fotos y carteles antiguos representando poderosas figuras femeninas.</div>
<div class="rte__content js-full-description responsive-media" style="border: 0px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #282828; font-family: "Maison Neue Book", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">From her heel to her revolver the image on our cover is one of a courageous strong woman, capable of everything. Our book wants to be a showcase for a certain feminine type that leads to the defense of specific combat values. Cannot think of a better representation of the contemporaneous Spanish women and their struggles.</strong></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #282828; font-family: "Maison Neue Book", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Desde el talón hasta el revólver, la imagen de nuestra portada es la de una mujer valiente y fuerte, capaz de todo. Nuestro libro quiere ser un escaparate para cierto tipo femenino que conduce a la defensa de valores de combate específicos. No se me ocurre una mejor representación de las mujeres españolas contemporáneas y sus luchas.</em></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #282828; font-family: "Maison Neue Book", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 3rem; margin-bottom: 3rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-style: normal;">To view our first project: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1522759383/spanish-republican-calendar-2019-calendario-republ?ref=user_menu </span></em></div>
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<strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Because </strong><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">milicianas </strong></em><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">are at the heart of our projects. We want their memory to live on. This is our way to show our admiration for their feats and sacrifices. </strong></div>
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<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Las milicianas son el corazón de nuestros proyectos. Queremos que sus memorias sigan vivas. Este ideal es nuestra manera de mostrar nuestra admiración por sus hazañas y sacrificios.</em></div>
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Our MILICIANAS Project is done with a modest budget and a small infrastructure (there are just two of us, in Montreal, and Bergamo). We exist to print, promote, and preserve works of literary vision, to foster a climate of cultural preservation, and to disseminate books in a way that benefits the arts and freedoms. We focus on reviving content that have gone out of favor or out of print, publishing works from around the world, and, with this project in particular, championing the work of young female artists.</div>
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I want to give special thanks to Dario Carta, our Italian graphic designer partner, and his tireless energy in bringing this idea to life. He's also a visual artist whose current progressively engaged projects can be found here: (https://www.dariocarta.com/works).</div>
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Whether you contribute $5 or $100, your will play a part in creating this work of art history and placing it on the shelves and walls of freedom-loving citizens, immortalizing these outstanding women.</div>
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If the project isn’t fully funded during our Kickstarter campaign, you won’t be charged (and the photo-book won’t be published). You can always change or cancel your reward level before the campaign ends. </div>
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Whether or not you fund this project, sharing this link will contribute to its realization. </div>
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Not in a position to donate? Please know that word of mouth is instrumental in raising awareness and funding. Each person who shares this link bellow will contribute greatly to the making of our republican calendar.</div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-39597630434405071582019-10-03T13:55:00.000-07:002019-10-03T13:55:37.084-07:00The Freud-Einstein Correspondence of 1932: Theories of War<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Source - <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/">Transcend Media Service - The Freud-Einstein Correspondence of 1932: Theories of War</a> 23.9.2019 by <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/author/?a=Norrie%20MacQueen">Norrie MacQueen</a></div>
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At the end of 1931 the International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation [IIIC], a League of Nations agency, invited Albert Einstein to initiate an exchange of letters with a fellow ‘leader of intellectual thought’ on a subject ‘calculated to serve the common interest of the League of Nations and of intellectual life’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn1">[1]</a> Einstein selected Sigmund Freud as his correspondent and the question he wished to explore with him was, simply and ambitiously, ‘is there any way of delivering mankind from the scourge of war?’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn2">[2]</a><br />
<br />Although occupying dominant positions in their respective fields, the two had had little to do with each other up to that time and such previous contact as there was had hardly amounted to a meeting of great minds. At a brief meeting a few years before, Freud had found Einstein personally agreeable but lacking in any real knowledge of psychology.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn3">[3]</a> Later, a short correspondence took place from which, according to Freud, Einstein’s ‘complete lack of understanding for psychoanalysis became evident’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn4">[4]</a> Yet despite what he felt to be his would-be collaborator’s limitations, Freud agreed to be involved in the project. Though Freud would later dismiss the undertaking as ‘tedious and sterile’<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn5">[5]</a>, the prospect of reaching a wider audience for psychoanalysis than had hitherto been available may well have persuaded him to participate.<br /><br />The tone of the letter he wrote to the IIIC Secretary, Leon Stenig, accepting the invitation was perhaps less than enthusiastic but it does not suggest any serious misgivings: ‘I have indulged in as much enthusiasm as I am able to muster at my age [76] and in my state of disillusionment … your hopes and those of Einstein for a future role of psychoanalysis in the life of individuals and nations ring true and of course give me great pleasure … Thus practical and idealistic considerations induce me to put myself and all that remains of my energies at [your] disposal’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn6">[6]</a> Accordingly, Einstein initiated the correspondence at the end of July 1932 and Freud replied two months later. The letters were published by the League of Nations the following March simultaneously in English, French and German under the title <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/why-war/">Why War? </a> In Germany however, where Hitler had come to power two months previously, circulation of Warum Krieg? was banned.<br /><br />Fortuitously, the project coincided with that later period in Freud’s life when his interests were widening into new areas of philosophical and sociological speculation. By the end of the 1920s he had, as he put it, returned to the ‘cultural problems’ which had concerned him in his youth.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn7">[7]</a> In 1930 he had published his major statement on psychoanalysis and society, the 30,000 word essay Civilization and its Discontents. The ideas put forward in this – on the process of civilization and its repressive effect on the instinctual drives – form the basis of the <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/why-war/">Why War?</a> correspondence and represented Freud’s final position on civilization, aggression and conflict.<br /><br />Einstein’s own letter betrays something of the liberal dilemma of the period as the ‘idealist’ position on international relations, widespread among progressive thinkers in the 1920s, began to lose ground to the ‘realism’ which would dominate the coming decades. The decisive challenges to collective security as a peacekeeping mechanism – in Abyssinia and Central Europe – remained in the future but the recent Japanese invasion of Manchuria and the absence of any effective collective response to it had been a clear pointer to the limitations of security through international organization. For Einstein the ‘ill-success, despite their obvious sincerity, of all the efforts made during the last decade to reach this goal [of collective security], leaves us no room to doubt that strong psychological factors are at work which paralyse these efforts’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn8">[8]</a> In his view, which was a fairly typical one on the liberal left at the time, the immediate problem was the baleful symbiosis between the arms manufacturers and power-hungry politicians. This ‘ruling class [had] the schools and press, usually the Church as well, under its thumb’. But still this did not provide a complete explanation for the periodic explosions of international conflict:<br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">
How is it that these devices succeed so well in rousing men to such wild enthusiasm, even to sacrifice their lives? Only one answer is possible. Because man has within him a lust for hatred and destruction. In normal times this passion exists in a latent state, it emerges only in unusual circumstances; but it is a comparatively easy task to call it into play and raise it to the power of a collective psychosis. Here lies, perhaps, the crux of all the complex of factors we are considering, an enigma that only the expert in the lore of human instincts can resolve.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn9">[9]</a></blockquote>
The question he wished Freud to address was whether psychoanalysis could offer any hope that the individual might become proof against these destructive urges.<br /><br />Freud’s reply consisted of an exploration of two basic psychoanalytic themes: civilization as a process which progressively repressed the instinctual drives biologically present in the human organism; and aggression as a product [though an indirect and partially controlled one] of these instinctual drives. The prospects for a future free of war would depend on the outcome of this elemental struggle between the process of civilization and the innate instinctual impulses.<div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Basic Premises: Civilization and Instinct</span><br /><br />In outlining to Einstein his view of civilization as repressor of the instincts, Freud was reiterating a theme which had its origins in the earliest stages of psychoanalytic thinking. In May 1897 in a letter to his friend Wilhelm Fliess, Freud had observed that ‘civilization consists in progressive renunciation’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn10">[10]</a> Twelve years later he remarked, in the context of a paper by Alfred Adler on the psychology of Marxism, that ‘our civilization consists in an ever-increasing subjection of our instincts to repression’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn11">[11]</a> Freud’s conjectures on the origins of civilization were first outlined in Totem and Taboo published in 1913 in which he asserts that civilization began when the young males of the ‘primal horde’ rebelled against the dominant, female-monopolising patriarch. The rebellion was possible only by collective action and this could not be achieved without the relinquishment of instinctual gratification by those involved.<br /><br />The new ‘civilization’ which then came into being was, therefore, built on the repression of hitherto untrammelled instincts and conditioned by the collective guilt over the parricide involved in its creation. It consolidated itself by the introduction of prohibitions [or taboos] which further suppressed the instinctual drives, one of the first and most significant being an insistence on exogamy which protected the community against any repetition of the original oedipal revolt.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn12">[12]</a> In his letter to Einstein, Freud follows the development of civilization through to the emergence of the concepts of ‘law’ and ‘right’. Right, he suggests, ‘is the might of the community. It is still violence ready to be directed against any individual who resists it …’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn13">[13]</a> In this way the anger of the primal horde, disciplined through the renunciation of instinctual gratification and sharpened by guilt, had evolved into the sanctions of society against those who flout its rules.<br /><br />The degree of control which civilization could exert over the instincts was, however, open to question. The process operated through the agency of the intellect and the instinctual drives, surging up from the unconscious, could only be suppressed by continuous struggle. Freud had considered this problem in the early part of the First World War when many of the comforting assumptions held by Europeans about both human and political behaviour which had developed in the relative peace of the preceding decades were being overturned. Despite his own initial enthusiasm for the Austro-German cause [which in fact was in marked contrast to the anti-war position of Einstein]<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn14">[14]</a> he took a characteristically pessimistic view of the psychological origins of the conflict. In a letter written in December 1914 to a former colleague from his period in Paris, the Dutch non-analytical psychologist Frederic Van Eeden, Freud argued that the war confirmed two theses of psychoanalysis. Firstly, destructive impulses are kept in check by the intellect but constantly seek opportunities to express themselves and, secondly, the intellect is a weak guardian, easily overcome by the emotions which open the way for the revolt of the instincts:<br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">
Psychoanalysis has concluded from the dreams and parapraxes [mental slips] of healthy people, as well as from the symptoms of neurotics, that the primitive, savage and evil impulses of mankind have not vanished in any of its individual members, but persist, although in a repressed state, in the unconscious … and lie in wait for opportunities of becoming active once more. It has further taught us that our intellect is a feeble and dependent thing, a plaything and tool of our instincts and affects … If you will now observe what is happening in this wartime, all the cruelties and injustices for which the most civilized nations are responsible, the different way in which they judge their own lies and wrongdoings, and those of their enemies, at the general lack of insight which prevails – you will have to admit that psychoanalysis has been right in both its theses.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn15">[15]</a></blockquote>
This theme was pursued the following year in an article Freud wrote for the psychoanalytic journal Imago. In ‘Thoughts for the Time on War and Death’ he exhibits the disillusion of his Weltanschauung:<br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">
We had expected the great world-dominating nations of the white race upon whom the leadership of the human species has fallen, who were known to have world-wide interests as their concern, to whose creative powers were due not only our technical advances towards the control of nature but the artistic and scientific standards of civilization – we had expected these peoples to have succeeded in discovering another way of settling misunderstandings and conflicts of interest [that they] would have acquired so much comprehension of what they had in common, and so much tolerance for their differences, that ‘foreigner’ and ‘enemy’ could no longer be merged … into a single concept.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn16">[16]</a></blockquote>
But, he insists, in the psychoanalytic view people ‘have not sunk so low as we feared because they had never risen so high as we believed’. They were in fact merely withdrawing ‘for a while from the constant pressure of civilization … to grant a temporary satisfaction to the instincts which they had been holding in check’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn17">[17]</a> His colleague Karl Abraham, on reading the proofs of the article, pointed to the similarities between war and certain totemic orgies in which behaviour is sanctioned by the community which at other times would be regarded as intolerable.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn18">[18]</a> Freud agreed with the observation and indeed the article contains one quite suggestive passage in this respect in which he speculates that ‘the state has forbidden to the individual the practice of wrongdoing, not because it desires to abolish it, but because it desires to monopolize it …’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn19">[19]</a> An interesting question arises here of the relationship between ‘civilization’, ‘community’ and ‘the state’. In the Imago essay he implies that the state and civilization are antipathetic to each other as the former is ready to exploit for its own purposes the instinctual drives which the latter is attempting to repress. It will be recalled, however, that in his theory of the origins of society outlined in Totem and Taboo and later in <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/why-war/">Why War?</a> itself, he suggests that society is the product of civilization [through renunciation of the instincts] and, implicitly, that the modern state has developed from the early rule-making collective. This evident contradiction remains unresolved in his later writings.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn20">[20]</a><br /><br />In his letter to Einstein, Freud’s conclusion on the relationship between the process of civilization and the phenomenon of war is boldly stated: ‘whatever fosters the growth of civilization works at the same time against war’. The two most important psychological characteristics of the process were ‘a strengthening of the intellect, which is beginning to govern instinctual life, and an internalization of the aggressive impulses’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn21">[21]</a> Ultimately, however, ‘civilized’ people are not pacific by intellectual conviction but because they ‘are obliged to be for organic reasons’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn22">[22]</a> The repressive process of civilization has, in his view, brought about a phylogenetic change in those subjected to it. The ‘civilized’ human is, in short, biologically different from the ‘uncivilized’.<br /><br />There can be detected here a fundamental change in Freud’s position from the time of the First World War. A central thesis of both the Van Eeden letter and the Imago article was that the intellect was an ineffectual brake on the instincts when once the emotions were brought into play. Civilization was a fragile construction subject to recurrent collapse through wars unleashed by the freeing of instinctive impulses. By the time of the Einstein letter, however, civilization has become a biological process whose subjects are not merely armed against instinctual impulses but constitutionally invulnerable to them.<br /><br />The key to this revision is to be found in 1920 when Freud produced an entirely new theory of instincts replacing that which had governed psychoanalytic thought hitherto. Prior to this date the structure of the instincts was seen as a duality between, on the one side, the libidinal impulses of sexuality and on the other that of the drive for self-preservation. From 1920, however, a new bipolarity was postulated with the life instinct [or ‘eros’] opposed by a death instinct. This revised structure had far-reaching consequences both for clinical practice and for sociological speculation. At this point therefore it is necessary to shift attention from Freud’s views on civilization as an anti-instinctual process and look more closely at the nature of the instincts in question. Most importantly, Freud’s views on the relationship between these instincts and human aggressiveness must be examined. This, it will be recalled, was the second dominant theme of the Why War? correspondence.<div>
<br /><span style="font-size: large;">The ‘Final’ Theory: Aggression and the Death Instinct</span><br /><br />If the generality of Freud’s views on civilization and its repressive effect on instinctual impulses have a somewhat commonplace sound to late twentieth century ears, it is in part because of the impact that psychoanalytic thinking has had on the collective intellect. The more thoroughly yesterday’s insights become integrated in today’s systems of thought then the less startling they appear in reiteration. The second, related, theme in Freud’s letter to Einstein – that of aggression as a product of an inherent death instinct – is much less familiar. Partly this is due to its relative complexity but it is also because of its failure to find favour with either subsequent psychological theorists or the broader public.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn23">[23]</a><br /><br />Although Freud’s ideas on aggression underwent a number of fundamental changes, one constant feature was that at no time did he see it as a primary instinct in its own right. Aggression was always viewed as either a component or an affect of another dominating drive. In 1909, when Alfred Adler began to explain anxiety as the product of suppressed primary aggression, Freud could not ‘bring [himself] to assume the existence of a special aggressive instinct alongside of the familiar instincts of self-preservation and sex, and on an equal footing with them’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn24">[24]</a> At this time Freud was still in the first of three more or less distinct phases of his thinking on aggression and the instincts. The first two of these belong to the period in which the duality of sex and self-preservation held sway. The third, on which <a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/why-war/">his Why War? letter</a> was based, belongs to the post-1920 period when the duality was redrawn as one between the life and death instincts.<br /><br />In 1895 in their early presentation of psychoanalytic theory, Studies on Hysteria, Freud and his collaborator Josef Breuer saw aggression simply as a natural adjunct to male sexuality.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn25">[25]</a> Ten Years later in Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality Freud expanded on this by suggesting that male sexuality requires an element of aggression in order to overcome resistence from the sex object. Aggressiveness therefore was a ‘component instinct’ of the primary sexual one.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn26">[26]</a> In this phase then aggression was placed firmly on the sex side of the polarity and, in a dialectical process, its expression was opposed by the self-preservative instinct. The ‘pleasure principle’ – which sought the reduction [through satisfaction] of the psychic tension [or ‘unpleasure’] generated by the sex instinct – was modified by the ‘reality principle’ which was associated with the drive for self-preservation. In 1915 the second phase began. Although the same instinctual duality was maintained, aggression had now passed across from the libidinal instinct to become an affect the of the self-preservative one. In Instincts and their Vicissitudes Freud argued that aggression was an early ego-reaction to the inflow of unwelcome stimuli. The ego, according to this latest view, protected the psyche by adopting an aggressive posture towards what it interpreted as the hostile encroachments of the outside world during the process of infantile development.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn27">[27]</a><br /><br />The major watershed in Freud’s thinking on the relationship between the instincts and aggression, however, came with the publication of Beyond the Pleasure Principle in 1920. Sex and self-preservation were now no longer opposed to each other but united on one side of a new duality as the component parts of eros or the life instinct. This was opposed by a new postulation – that of a primary death instinct. The existence of the death instinct was posited on the basis of the already familiar principle of tension reduction which had hitherto explained the drives of the independent sex instinct. The tension reduction theory was neither new nor exclusively psychoanalytic.<br /><br />Freud, though, now forced it to a new extreme. The return to ‘constancy’ which was the underlying aim of tension-reduction must ultimately, he argued, involve a return to the ‘pre-living’ condition. After the emergence of living matter on earth ‘the tension which then arose in what had hitherto been an inanimate substance endeavoured to cancel itself out. In this way the first instinct came into being: the instinct to return to the inanimate state’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn28">[28]</a> The ‘pleasure principle’ then could be said to have given way to the ‘nirvana principle’. And, what was more, the new primary instincts were not merely behavioural constructs but physically present within each living cell.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn29">[29]</a> If civilization was itself a biological process, as suggested in Why War?, then the instincts which it was its function to repress must accordingly provide an organic focus for its activity.<br /><br />At this point, of course, an obvious objection arises: if such a death instinct does indeed occupy all living matter then all life must be bent on self-destruction and suicide would be the ultimate instinctual achievement. According to Freud, however, the death instinct is confronted by its antithesis, eros. The erotic instinct acts to divert it from its self-destructive purpose by a process of ‘externalization’. Therefore, outwardly directed aggression ‘is the derivative and the main representative of the death instinct’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn30">[30]</a> The hypothesis was outlined for Einstein in these terms:<br /><br />As the result of a little speculation, we have come to suppose that this instinct is at work in every living creature and is striving to bring it to ruin and to reduce life to its original condition of inanimate matter. Thus it quite seriously deserves to be called a death instinct, while the erotic instincts [sic] represent the effort to live. The death instinct turns into the destructive instinct when, with the help of special organs, it is directed outwards onto objects. The organism preserves its own life, so to say, by destroying an extraneous one. … If these forces are turned to destruction in the external world, the organism will be relieved and the effect must be beneficial. This would serve as a biological justification for all the ugly and dangerous impulses against which we are struggling. It must be admitted that they stand nearer to Nature than does our resistance to them.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn31">[31]</a><br /><br />If, though, the self-destructive aspect of the death instinct is neutralized by externalization in the form of aggression, the question must be posed: why is conflict not perpetual? How is peace achieved even in the intervals between wars? Freud offers an implicit answer to this in Civilization and its Discontents by returning to his characterization of civilization as repressor of the instincts. The outwardly directed destructiveness is partially re-internalized by the process of civilization: ‘aggressiveness is introjected … it is, in point of fact, sent back to where it came from – that is, it is directed towards [the] ego’. There it is taken over by the super-ego and ‘is ready to put into action against the ego the same harsh aggressiveness that the ego would have liked to satisfy upon other, extraneous individuals’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn32">[32]</a> In this way civilization appears to protect itself not merely by the long-term process of repression of the instincts but also by the more immediate expedient of distorting their primary expression.<br /><br />In Why War? Freud appears not altogether to have abandoned the earlier phases of his thinking on aggressiveness and the instincts. He suggests, for example, that some of the externalized aggression is put to the service both of sexual acquisition and self-preservation [views expressed respectively, it will be recalled, in 1905 in Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality and in 1915 in Instincts and their Vicissitudes].<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn33">[33]</a> In the new formulation, however, this is evidently seen as a marginal process in which eros, now combining the one-time opposing libidinal and self-preservative instincts, ‘co-opts’ some of the force of its antagonist which has already been redirected outwards.<br /><br />Briefly then, Freud’s ‘mature’ theory sees aggression as an outward directing of the death instinct effected, in the interests of self-preservation, by the life instinct. In turn, ‘civilization’ must cope with this released destructiveness and does so by introjecting it back into the individual [after the life instinct has expropriated a portion of it for its own uses]. On being re-internalized the aggression does not, however, return to its source in the unconscious – the id – to resume its primal drive towards inanimacy. Instead it becomes located in the super-ego [the seat of the ‘conscience’] where it is used to punish the ego for any transgressions of the behavioural rules acquired in infancy. In this way civilization bends the individual’s aggression to its own ends – and in so doing demonstrates its fundamental antipathy towards the free expression of the instinctual impulses.<br /><br />Einstein’s purpose in the Why War? correspondence was not merely to determine Freud’s interpretation of the phenomenon of war; he wished also to elicit from psychoanalysis proposals for its elimination. In this, perhaps, lies one explanation of Freud’s underlying distaste for the project. Neither psychoanalysis as a general theory nor Freud as its originator had ever demonstrated much capacity for social prescription. Freud, although never politically active, might loosely be described as on the ‘Hobbesian right’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn34">[34]</a> The anti-utopianism implicit in his work is frequently expressed as opposition to the currently most popular model, Soviet communism. In Why War? the communist view – that aggression derives from material deprivation and will become extinct once all such needs are satisfied – is dismissed as an illusion.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn35">[35]</a> Nevertheless, as the object of the exercise was to provide answers, Freud does his best with the fundamentally unpromising material provided by the psychoanalytic world-view. In places, the price even of this limited optimism is the contradiction of aspects of his previous writings.<br /><br />According to Freudian theory, the death instinct operates through division and fragmentation while eros is concerned to unify into ever greater wholes. As he put it in Civilization and its Discontents, ‘civilization is a process in the service of eros, whose purpose is to combine single human individuals, and after that families, then races, peoples and nations into one great unity’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn36">[36]</a> Thus, he concludes in Why War?, ‘anything that encourages the growth of emotional ties between men must operate against war’. ‘Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself’ is cited as a difficult but nevertheless necessary aspiration in this respect.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn37">[37]</a> As the process of civilization advances the instinctual urges will be further repressed. War as an expression of the externalized death instinct ought therefore to become both less frequent and less destructive.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn38">[38]</a> This argument was in fact presented in a more tentative form in 1915 in ‘Thoughts for the Times on War and Death’ when Freud, abhorring the obliteration of ‘all moral acquisitions’ in wartime, hoped that this might be changed by ‘later stages of development’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn39">[39]</a><br /><br />Here, however, we can detect a considerable inconsistency in Freud’s hypothesis. If, as he maintains throughout his work, civilization continually strives to repress instinctual life as a whole, then both the death instinct and its opposite, eros, must be equally subject to the process. How then can eros act as the handmaiden of civilization as he suggests? Eros although the enemy of the death instinct is also the source of the sex drive and therefore ought properly to be subject to repression by the process of civilization as well. Indeed, one of Freud’s concerns in Why War? is that part of the price of civilization was an impairment in the sexual functioning of its beneficiaries as the libidinal aspect of the life instinct was repressed. His fear was that this might ‘perhaps be leading to the extinction of the human race [because] uncultivated races and backward strata of the population are already multiplying more rapidly than highly cultivated ones’. The biologically ‘uncivilized’ were numerically stronger than the ‘civilized’ as a result of their unrepressed life instinct. They were therefore in a better position to bring about the apocalypse through the exercise of their similarly unrepressed death instinct.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn40">[40]</a><br /><br />Despite this laboured and self-contradictory search for an acceptably optimistic prognosis, the more familiar Freudian pessimism prevails. Whatever the theoretical feasibility of his proposals, the march of history may well bring them to nothing. The struggle of civilization to repress the instincts which create aggression and war must be carried out within a certain timescale with annihilation as a constant and increasing risk. in Freud’s view, the outcome of this struggle is far from predetermined: ‘an unpleasant picture comes to mind of mills that grind so slowly that people may starve before they get their flour’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn41">[41]</a><div>
<br /><span style="font-size: large;">The Limits of Speculation</span><br />We have already pointed up some immanent contradictions in Freud’s position – such as the unresolved ambiguity between civilization, community and state and the inconsistencies in his thinking on the repressive action of civilization on the life instinct. The arguments outlined in Why War? have, however, been challenged at a more fundamental level from two separate directions. Firstly, the entire edifice of Freud’s position is based on speculation unsupported [and indeed unsupportable] by empirical evidence. This is true both for his general theory of instincts and for his postulation of the death instinct in particular. Secondly, even if we are willing to accept these speculative hypotheses as providing a valid aetiology of human aggression, we are still faced with the problem of its eventual expression: literally, why war? This latter question of course is the crux of the matter as far as any possible Freudian contribution to International Relations theory is concerned. No explanation is offered for the manifestation of aggression in the specific form of conflict between states.<br /><br />Throughout his writings Freud’s view of instincts betrayed a typically Germanic partiality to the notion of dialectic dualism. Despite changes in the nature of the poles [sex versus self-preservation giving way to life versus death] the bipolar structure was maintained. But what grounds other than theoretical symmetry are there for accepting such a duality? Its existence is asserted purely by intellectual fiat. Freud’s resistance to a polymorphic view of multiple primary instinctual drives comes in part from the intellectual tradition in which he developed. It was hardened, no doubt, by his characteristically fierce defensiveness in the face of the ‘dissidence’ of the early schismatics like Adler, Stekel and Jung who came to question his architecture of the instincts, its theoretical elegance notwithstanding. At no time does Freud provide any evidential case against, for example, the existence of a multiplicity of co-existing primary instincts.<br /><br />Even if we accept Freud’s bipartite structure of the instincts we are still confronted by the problem of their nature. The concept of the death instinct is one which has found little support from subsequent generations of psychoanalytic theorists. Even orthodox Freudians, who as a group are not remarkable for their willingness to diverge from the original writ, have tended to gloss the idea of a primary death instinct by reference to vaguer concepts such as ‘the destructive drive’ and are more ready to accept non-instinctual factors such as frustration in the generation of aggression.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn42">[42]</a><br /><br />Among the less orthodox neo-Freudians only the ‘right wing’ British school associated with the theories of Melanie Klein has retained the concept in anything like its original form while it has been most vigorously rejected by the sociologically-oriented ‘left wing’ schemes such as those of Karen Horney and Erich Fromm.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn43">[43]</a> For the latter the implications of a death instinct are reactionary and defeatist.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn44">[44]</a> And, in common with other commentators from outside psychoanalysis, they argue that a major problem with the concept – even as speculation – is that the only indications of its existence are to be found in its consequences.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn45">[45]</a> The reality of the construct is extrapolated from its secondary manifestations. Violence exists as a verifiable phenomenon, it’s instinctual base however does not.<br /><br />The death instinct is presented by Freud as the ultimate expression of the principle of tension reduction, the inherent tendency of all psychic activity to aim at the relief of the ‘unpleasure’ of stress. The basic notion of tension reduction has, however, been convincingly challenged. It has been shown in animal studies, for example, that in certain circumstances subjects will actively seek the stimulus of tension – and not merely as a contrived preliminary to its cathartic relief [the concept of ‘forepleasure’] as Freudians would suggest?<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn46">[46]</a> And, even if the tension reduction model is valid, does the postulation of a death instinct as its vehicle constitute a logical conclusion or merely a reductio ad adbsurdum? Prior to 1920 Freud’s ‘pleasure principle’ was based on the reduction of tension to ‘constancy’ resulting in a ‘stable degree of excitation’. The drive to inanimacy [the ‘nirvana principle’ on which the death instinct operates] has no more scientific legitimacy than the earlier formulation and considerably less support from contemporary psychology.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn47">[47]</a><br /><br />Beyond these questions surrounding Freud’s theories on the origins of aggression, there are others to be raised concerning its forms. Fromm objects to the failure to distinguish between the various manifestations of aggressiveness whatever its source. What determines why externally directed aggression should express itself in one type of behaviour rather than another? Sadism, destructiveness, mastery and the will-to-power are all different expressions of human aggression which, he suggests, must be considered separately. Even if they do derive from the same redirected death instinct, Freud provides no elaboration of the process of differentiation which occurs in the course of externalization.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn48">[48]</a> In other words, there is no effective attempt to integrate instinctual behaviour with its social manifestations. Although Fromm’s concern here is with individual psychopathology, it hints at the problem of political expression touched on earlier. What is the connection between human aggression and international war and what determines that the former should be expressed in the form of the latter?<br /><br />The Freudian scheme is supremely subjective; it is concerned wholly with the individual and the psychic origins of his or her behaviour. In contrast to some of his contemporary ‘depth’ psychologists and many of his subsequent revisers, Freud had no great interest in the teleology of behaviour – the social ends which it sought to achieve.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn49">[49]</a> Consequently, orthodox psychoanalysis has had little to contribute to social psychology. Freud’s level of analysis was the individual, not the social system within which he or she interacted with others. This lacuna obstructs the making of connections between the instinctual theory of the origins of aggression and its political expression in war. As one writer has observed, ‘there is always the missing link in these fascinating speculations … between the fundamental nature of man and the outbreak of war’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn50">[50]</a> It is the failure to provide this link in the letter to Einstein which makes Why War? a particularly inapt title for the published exchange.</div>
<div>
<br /><span style="font-size: large;">Aggression and War: Inferring a Link</span><br /><br />In various places in his writing, Freud does in fact touch on such ‘political’ subjects as group behaviour and the nature of leadership. While ‘social psychology’ in the sense of the operation of social ‘systemic’ pressures on the individual has no significant place in the Freudian scheme, the role of the individual in shaping the ‘system’ is given some consideration. Is there anything in this aspect of Freud’s work which might allow the connections between instinctual aggression and its manifestation in warfare to be made, so to speak, on his behalf?<br /><br />In 1914 in his essay On Narcissism Freud wrote of the ‘ego-ideal’, which was the conceptual predecessor of the conscience-wielding super-ego. As well as its individual side it had social manifestations as ‘the common ideal of a family, a class or nation.’<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn51">[51]</a> Loyalty to [and by extension, one must suppose, violence on behalf of] the state was interpreted in terms of the oedipal relationship formed between infant and father in early childhood development. In later life the nation might displace the father but it too exerts an unconscious influence over the individual.<br /><br />This draws its force from two characteristics of the oedipus complex: fear of punishment and the need for approval. The theme was developed further in 1921 in Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego. Here Freud suggests that all groups in society are unconscious echos of the ‘primal horde’ first described in Totem and Taboo. And, the ‘leader of the group is still the dreaded primal father [who] is the group ideal which governs the ego in the place of the ego-ideal’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn52">[52]</a> This basic structure is, however, adaptable in its social manifestations. The primal father might be represented not by a leader but by an ideology. Similarly, the love relationship with the ego-ideal might take a negative form and the group would then cohere through shared hatred of a particular object or belief.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn53">[53]</a> Here, perhaps, a mechanism for the differentiation of aggressiveness suggests itself. A ‘constructive’ focus for the externalization of aggression may be provided for the group through this ‘negative’ ego-ideal.<br /><br />Freud expanded on the political implications of group cohesion a few years later in his treatise on religion, The Future of an Illusion, where he referred to the ‘narcissistic satisfaction’ provided by a cultural ideal which had the effect of combatting intra-cultural conflict. Here he suggests that a positive ego-ideal in the form of ‘national’ identity can combine with its negative form – hatred of the outsider:<br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">
This satisfaction can be shared in not only by the favoured classes but also by the suppressed ones, since the right to despise the people outside it compensates them for the wrongs they suffer within their own unit. No doubt one is a wretched plebeian, harassed by debts and military service; but, to make up for it, one is a Roman citizen one has one’s share in the task of ruling other nations and dictating their laws. This identification of the suppressed classes with the class who rules and exploits them is, however, only part of a larger whole. For, on the other hand, the suppressed classes can be emotionally attached to their masters; in spite of their hostility to them they may see in them their ideals; unless such relations of a fundamentally satisfying kind subsisted, it would be impossible to understand how a number of civilizations have survived so long in spite of the justifiable hostility of large human masses.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn54">[54]</a></blockquote>
The ego-ideal in a cultural form therefore is seen as a force operating in the interests of political cohesion. It does so through the enhancement of group – or national – identity. The first stage is the displacement of the oedipal relationship from the father to the political unit. This is then reinforced through contrast with the ‘non-group’ [or non-national] outsider. Freud in fact refers to this tendency, although only tangentially, in Why War? when dismissing the utopian claims of Soviet communism; the Russians themselves, he observed, ‘are armed today with the most scrupulous care and not the least important of the methods by which they keep their supporters together is hatred of everyone beyond their frontiers’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn55">[55]</a><br /><br />Where might we locate the point of contact between the primary death instinct and this process of oedipal displacement? The death instinct, according to Civilization and its Discontents, is first externalized as aggression and then partly introjected back to the psyche where it is put at the disposal of the super-ego. The super-ego, it will be recalled, was originally characterized as the ego-ideal. Both concepts represent the displacement of the oedipal relationship from the father. Freud argued, as we have seen, that this displacement may take the form of national or ideological identification. Or, it may manifest itself in a negative form as a communal hate-object. In these circumstances, the introjected aggression commanded by the ego-ideal/super-ego might be said to undergo a process of externalization once more – this time expressed collectively; in short, as war. This secondary externalization which is socially legitimised might then be said to take command of that ‘natural’, unfocussed aggression which had not been introjected to the super-ego. The co-option of this ‘free-floating’ aggression by the super-ego might be explained by the Freudian concept of ‘cathexis’ – the concentration of psychic energies into one channel.<br /><br />But, of course, there is an clear danger of going too far in such attempts at integration. We must be wary of making such theoretical connections in Freud’s name. The conceptual platform on which this type of theoretical extension must be built is, as we have observed, itself rather insecure. Having questioned the intellectual basis of the original theory, such an exercise is of doubtful legitimacy both in itself and also in its tendency to repeat the type of unsupportable speculation around which fundamental objections to the Freudian view have been based.<br /><br />In addition to criticisms of the basic premises and the internal logic of the theory, others have been made from the perspective of International Politics as a field of study – the main one on which the hypotheses impinge. The idea of a monistic explanation of such a central concept as war has long been unacceptable to students of International Relations. As one scholar of Freud’s social theory has complained, ‘plunging below war, psychology turns up varieties of “aggression” as if these somehow subsume diplomatic history and the development of modern weapons’.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn56">[56]</a> Generally speaking, the sub-systemic, sub-state microcosmic level of analysis is little considered in contemporary International Relations theory.<br /><br />The prevailing orthodoxies of British and American thought on International Politics have differed in focus and methodology but have been generally united in their commitment to collectivities [whether states or ‘systems’] as the basic levels of analysis. Freudianism, with its rejection even of the dynamic dimension of social psychology, is non-collective and microcosmic to the ultimate degree.<a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_edn57">[57]</a> On grounds both of its mono-causal nature and its unit of analysis, therefore, the psychoanalytic theory of war finds little favour in its second half-century.<br /><br />All this notwithstanding, however, the Freudian ‘presence’ in late twentieth century social thought is pervasive – both as a significant orthodoxy in its own right and as the starting point for subsequent and, for many, more credible revisions. Moreover, historically the decade of the 1930s was clearly one of immense significance for the whole question of inter-state conflict and its avoidance. Psychoanalysis was one of the most significant intellectual movements of the period. The Why War? correspondence brought these historical and intellectual concerns together by attempting to elicit an answer to the former from the theories of the latter. However unsatisfactory the results of the exercise and however much the central theories involved have been superseded by modification and revision, it remains one of considerable significance in the history of European ideas in the inter-war period.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref1"></a>NOTES:<br /><br />[1] James Strachey, Editor’s Note to Why War? [1933], The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Standard Edition [London 24 volumes 1953-74] [hereinafter SE] Volume XXII [1964], p.197.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref2"></a> 2 Ibid, p.199.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref3"></a> 3 ‘He is cheerful, full of himself and agreeable. He understands as much about psychology as I do about physics and we had a very pleasant talk’. Quoted in Ernest Jones, Sigmund Freud: Life and Work [Volume III] The Last Phase: 1919-1939 [London 1957], p.139.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref4"></a> [4] Ibid, p.164.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref5"></a> [5] Ibid, p.187.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref6"></a> [6] Quoted in William Clark, Freud: the Man and the Cause [New York 1980], pp.485-86.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref7"></a> [7] An Autobiographical Study [1925/1935 Postscript], SE XX [1959], p.72.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref8"></a> [8] Why War?, p.200.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref9"></a> [9] Ibid, p.201.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref10">[10]</a> Quoted in Jones III, p.359.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref11">[11]</a> Ibid, p.360-61.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref12">[12]</a> Totem and Taboo [1913], SE XIII [1953], pp.141-46.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref13">[13]</a> Why War?, p.205.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref14">[14]</a> Ernest Jones, his official biographer, observed: ‘Freud’s immediate response to the declaration of war was an unexpected one. One would have supposed that a pacific savant of fifty-eight would have greeted it with simple horror, as so many did. On the contrary, his first response was rather one of youthful enthusiasm, apparently a reawakening of the military ardours of his boyhood’. Sigmund Freud: Life and Work [Volume II] Years of Maturity 1901-1919 [London 1967], p.192.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref15">[15]</a> Letter to Frederic Van Eeden [1914], SE XIV [1957], pp.301-02.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref16">[16]</a> ‘Thoughts for the Times on War and Death’ [1915], SE XIV pp.276-77.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref17">[17]</a> Ibid, p.285.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref18">[18]</a> Jones II, p.415.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref19">[19]</a> ‘Thoughts for the Times on War and Death’, p.279.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref20">[20]</a> It is certainly true that Freud found little to admire in the political processes of the state. In the Freudian view, as represented by Philip Rieff, ‘the state holds no promise of elevating human nature, except through irrational and transient enthusiasms; in general, the state epitomizes the worst elements of human desire’. ‘Psychology and Politics: the Freudian Connection’, World Politics, Vol.7 No.2 [January 1955], p.299. Yet it is difficult to reconcile this distaste with the implied acceptance of the state as the institutional embodiment of the civilization process.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref21">[21]</a> Why War?, pp.214-15.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref22">[22]</a> Ibid, p.214.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref23">[23]</a> Several writers from within psychoanalysis have provided accounts of varying usefulness of Freud’s theories of the instincts and aggression. The most concise is that given by the editor of the Standard Edition of the Collected Works, James Strachey, in his introduction to Civilization and its Discontents [1930], SE XXI [1961], pp.ix-xiii. Another orthodox Freudian examination is offered by Rose Edgcumbe in her chapters on ‘The Death Instinct’ and the ‘Aggressive Drive’ in Humberto Nagera [ed], Basic Psychoanalytic Concepts on the Theory of Instincts [London 1970], pp.67-70 and 71-79. Perhaps the most exhaustive and challenging exploration is that by the Marxist neo-Freudian Erich Fromm in ‘Freud’s Theory of Aggressiveness and Destruction’ which forms an appendix to The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness [London 1974], pp.439-78.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref24">[24]</a> Analysis of a Phobia in a Five Year-Old Boy [‘Little Hans’] [1909], SE X [1955], p.140. This was at the time of the final conflict between Freud and Adler which ended with the latter’s departure from the Vienna circle. It is perhaps reasonable to suppose that Freud’s deep resentment against his one-time collaborator helped to confirm rejection of the concept of an autonomous aggressive instinct.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref25">[25]</a> Studies on Hysteria [1895], SE II [1955], p.246.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref26">[26]</a> Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality [1905], SE VII [1953],pp.157-58. Freud argued here that sadism was the consequence of the disordering of the relationship in which the aggressive component usurped the primary position.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref27">[27]</a> Instincts and their Vicissitudes [1915], SE XIV, p.137.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref28">[28]</a> Beyond the Pleasure Principle [1920], SE XVIII [1955], p.38.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref29">[29]</a> Ibid, p.40.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref30">[30]</a> Civilization and its Discontents, p.122.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref31">[31]</a> Why War?, p.211.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref32">[32]</a> Civilization and its Discontents, p.123. Freud was able to ‘locate’ the process in this way as a result of the formulation of his structural theory in The Ego and the Id [1923], SE XIX [1961], pp.19-39. Here he introduced the now widely familiar tripartite concept of the psyche. The ‘id’ was the seat of the instincts and the successor to the earlier concept of the unconscious; the ‘ego’, a term already widely used to describe the conscious self, was now defined more closely as an excrescence of the id which mediates between it [the id] and the outside world; the ‘super-ego’ is the portion of the psyche which assimilates parental prohibitions and acts, approximately, as conscience.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref33">[33]</a> ‘The instinct for self-preservation is certainly of an erotic kind, but it must nevertheless have aggressiveness at its disposal if it is to fulfil its purpose. So, too, the instinct of love, when it is directed towards an object, stands in need of some contribution from the instinct for mastery if it is in any way to obtain possession of that object’. Why War?, pp.209-10.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref34">[34]</a> Freud’s own political outlook and his view of himself as ‘a liberal of the old school’ is discussed by Paul Roazen in Freud and his Followers [London 1975], pp.518-19.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref35">[35]</a> Why War?, pp.211-12.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref36">[36]</a> Civilization and its Discontents, p.122.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref37">[37]</a> Why War?, p.212. In the earlier work however the same precept is seen as not merely difficult but impossible – and ridiculed by Freud in consequence. Civilization and its Discontents, pp.109-11.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref38">[38]</a> Why War?, pp.213-14.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref39">[39]</a> ‘Thoughts for the Times on War and Death’, p.288.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref40">[40]</a> Why War?, p.214.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref41">[41]</a> Ibid, p.213.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref42">[42]</a> Not even that most loyal of his followers, Ernest Jones, could summon up much enthusiasm when he dealt with that part of Freud’s theory in his official biography; Jones III, pp.297-300.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref43">[43]</a> The terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ here are meant in a figurative rather than an explicitly political sense following the usage of J.A.C. Brown in his Freud and the Post-Freudians [Harmondsworth 1964], p.129. Both Horney and Fromm were however on the political left as well.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref44">[44]</a> As Karen Horney puts it, ‘If man is inherently destructive and consequently unhappy, why strive for a better future?’; New Ways in Psychoanalysis [London 1939], p.132. Interestingly, some support for the death instinct is offered from the left by Marcuse who sees it at work in the psychic destructiveness of modern industrial capitalism and thus takes up the unlikely position of defender of Freudian orthodoxy against its progressive critics; Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization [Boston 1955], pp.270-73.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref45">[45]</a> See, for example, Alasdair MacIntyre’s critique of the Marcusian position in this respect in Marcuse [London 1970], p.50.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref46">[46]</a> See Leonard Berkowitz, Aggression: a Social-Psychological Analysis [New York 1962], pp.9-11 for an account of the experimental evidence against the ‘nirvana principle’.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref47">[47]</a> Fromm discusses Freud’s changing position on the principle of tension reduction in The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness, pp.472-478.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref48">[48]</a> Ibid, p.470.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref49">[49]</a> This concentration on the aetiology of neurosis – and particularly on its sexual basis – was of course a major factor in Freud’s break first of all with Adler and then with Jung. The social ‘purposes’ of neurotic behaviour were later explored by analysts such as Fromm, Horney and Harry Stack Sullivan in the 1930s and 1940s. As a result, the Adler school, during its subsequent decline, insisted that this group was neo-Adlerian rather than neo-Freudian. See, for example Heinz L. Ansbacher and Rowena R. Ansbacher, The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler, [London 1958], pp.16-17.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref50">[50]</a> Werner Levi, ‘On the Causes of War and the Conditions of Peace’, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol.4 No.4 [December 1960], p.415. Levi points out that what ‘these [psychological] explanations fail to do is to indicate how these human factors are translated into violent conflict involving all citizens, regardless of their individual nature, and performed through a highly complex machinery constructed over a period of years for just such a purpose’.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref51">[51]</a> On Narcissism [1914], SE XIV. p.101.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref52">[52]</a> Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego [1921], SE XVIII, p.127.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref53">[53]</a> Ibid, p.100. As one of Freud’s most ‘political’ works, Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego has attracted the attention of a number of political theorists. See for example Paul Roazen, Freud: Political and Social Thought [London 1969], pp.226-32 and Philip Rieff, ‘Origins of Freud’s Political Thought’, Journal of the History of Ideas, XVII [April 1956], pp.235-249.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref54">[54]</a> The Future of an Illusion [1927], SE XXI, p.9.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref55">[55]</a> Why War?, p.212.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref56">[56]</a> Philip Rieff, ‘Psychology and Politics’, p.305.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.transcend.org/tms/2019/09/the-freud-einstein-correspondence-of-1932-theories-of-war/#_ednref57">[57]</a> The decade after the end of the Second World War appears to have been something of a high-water mark for applications of psychoanalytic thought to political theory with major works by T.W. Adorno, Harold Laswell and Herbert Marcuse bringing Freudian insights to such questions as authority and alienation. By the mid-1960s however the Freudian vogue seemed largely to have passed.</div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-1631860714254633512019-08-21T07:10:00.001-07:002019-08-21T07:10:14.034-07:00Anti-capitalist campaigners host 'G7 Alternative' summit in France. 24 a 26 Ago 2019 Biarriz<br />
Fuente - <a href="https://www.modernghana.com/news/951215/anti-capitalist-campaigners-host-g7-alternative.html">Anti-capitalist campaigners host 'G7 Alternative' summit in France</a> 21.8.2019<br />
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Anti-capitalist campaigners are gathering for discussions and workshops in the southwestern coastal French city of Hendaye amid high security ahead of the G7 summit this weekend.</div>
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It is <a href="http://www.elysee.fr/en/g7" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990000; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;" target="_blank">France's turn to host the annual G7 summit </a>as French president Emmanuel Macron takes over chairmanship of the group dubbed "seven richest nations". They include Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States.</div>
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The Summit's theme this year is 'fighting inequality', particularly in education.</div>
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But anti-capitalist campigners doubt the intentions of G7 countries.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important;">Alternative G7</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none !important;" />Before the world leaders meet in Biarritz for the summit starting on Saturday, thousands of anti-capitalist activists are gathering in Hendaye, located on the Spanish border.</div>
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There will be discussions and workshops promoting ecological, anti-racist and anti-colonial solutions to the world's problems.</div>
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"We are not just saying we are against capitalism, we want to show people there are alternatives," explains Arturo Villanueva, a spokesperson for '<a href="http://alternativesg7.org/index.php/en/home-page/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990000; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;" target="_blank">Alternative G7</a>', a collective of anti-capitalist NGOs.</div>
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The Basque region of France has long been associated with resistance associated with the unique language and culture of the people.In recent decades an alternative economies have been created, including the <a href="http://en.rfi.fr/wire/20181031-rolling-euskos-french-basques-thriving-currency" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990000; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;" target="_blank">Eusko currency </a>and a renewable energy network.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important;">Call for Saturday demonstration</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none !important;" />When the discussions and workshops draw to a close, Alternative G7 will hold a demonstration on Saturday 24 August calling on world leaders to tackle inequality.</div>
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It is a call likely to resonate with the<a href="http://en.rfi.fr/europe/20190820-putin-rebukes-macron-over-yellow-vest-protests-france-russia-gilets-jaunes-g7" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990000; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;" target="_blank"> Yellow Vest movement</a> that took Emmanuel's government by surprise here in France.</div>
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Both the Alternative G7 and the security service are hoping that Saturday's march will remain peaceful. "Our main weapon in the war on neo-liberal capitalism is peaceful demonstrations," says Villanueva.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important;">Security fears over Black Blocs</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none !important;" />Despite these intentions, fifteen thousand extra police and soldiers have been drafted in to secure the three-day summit that has a history of provoking anti-capitalist demonstrations.</div>
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Authorities are projecting that 400 arrests will be made daily.</div>
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The fear is that Yellow Vest protestors may resort to violence, and that <a href="http://en.rfi.fr/france/20190128-french-police-lbd40-yellow-vest-organiser-injured-eye" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990000; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; word-break: break-word;" target="_blank">Black Bloc anarchists</a> will take advantage of mayhem as they have on several occasions in recent months.</div>
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Four men and a woman were arrested in two French towns on Tuesday on suspicion of planning a riot in Biarritz this weekend.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; outline: none !important;">Local businesses annoyed</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none !important;" />Meanwhile, local shopkeepers in Biarritz are up in arms over the extra security measures.</div>
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"We were not consulted about whether or not we wanted the G7 summit to be held here. It has been imposed on us," complains Serge Istèque, head of the Biarritz Shopkeepers Association.</div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-17496778244266619352019-08-04T14:43:00.000-07:002019-08-04T14:43:16.271-07:00Negre i verd: La farsa del viatge transatlàntic de Greta ThunbergSource - <a href="http://negreverd.blogspot.com/2019/08/la-farsa-del-viatge-transatlantic-de.html">negre i verd: La farsa del viatge transatlàntic de Greta Thunberg</a> 1.8.2019<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKuhJn3-JDB6VD61kgfe8bL6FRABzwnfuyPOT-Va-qw0Z2PWY7sCg6IhsBgnKJ3FtUYenans347Nk4TiEJaZ4pQV8vEd0VOPQa8F-RVXiVYbDIRAo9GpQQ-ARjGR4LXA8Coe1rKQiDqdI/s1600/greta-thunberg_velero1_1.png_1058146186.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="436" data-original-width="700" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKuhJn3-JDB6VD61kgfe8bL6FRABzwnfuyPOT-Va-qw0Z2PWY7sCg6IhsBgnKJ3FtUYenans347Nk4TiEJaZ4pQV8vEd0VOPQa8F-RVXiVYbDIRAo9GpQQ-ARjGR4LXA8Coe1rKQiDqdI/s320/greta-thunberg_velero1_1.png_1058146186.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Abans de res cal dir que no dubtem de la sinceritat dels missatges eco-papanates de la “famosa activista” Greta Thunberg, de fet l’ecologisme, si no s’uneix a una pràctica anticapitalista (com a mínim) és bàsicament una ideologia per papanates, o alguna cosa pitjor (negoci, política estatista, secta newage...).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Greta entra perfectament en l’àmbit del ecopapanatisme, i segur que ha estat recuperada per interessos foscos (estatals, familiars i corporatius), promovent unes mobilitzacions parany, insípides, descafeïnades i decididament tan ineficients com una COP (conferència de les Nacions Unides).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="CA">Es pot discutir molt sobre el moviment </span>Fridays for the Future<span lang="CA"> (FFF), però ara, a rel del darrer eco-estirabot de creuar l’Atlàntic en un catamaran de luxe, dels que habitualment es dediquen a regates de ricatxos i grans empreses, la cosa ja comença a fer pudor.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Certament els transport aeri és un sector d’emissions de gasos d’efecte hivernacle important, encara que percentualment sembla que tingui tingui un pes relatiu, a nivell mundial emet sobre el 3% del CO2, però si comptem amb la emissió a gran altura d’altres contaminants pugem fins el 5% (i molts pensen que quan estigui ben estudiat el percentatge sigui major).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Ara bé, el transport aeri és un sistema minoritari, malgrat els 4.000 milions de desplaçaments en 2017, en tot el mon sols fan servir aquest medi de transport un 5% dels habitants del mon, i sols un 1% dels passatgers son treballadors. Hi ha doncs un biaix de classe i del lloc on has nascut força important.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Segurament dins la classe i el lloc on viu i ha nascut la Greta, reduir l’ús de l’avió te un impacte important en el seu balanç individual.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Estem doncs davant d’un ritual semblant a l’abstinència de carn a la “era d’or” de l’església catòlica, als rics els anava be reduir el consum de carn, però això no afectava als pobres que en consumien ocasionalment, o gens, de fet l’impacte beneficiós per ells hagués estat poder menjar be cada dia... que ens proposa la Greta?, que els immigrants de Sud-Amèrica viatgin en luxosos catamarans de creuer fins a Europa per reduir la seva petjada de carboni?.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">En el tema de la petjada de carboni hi ha una trampa que s’està utilitzant àmpliament com a tema de marketing i com eina política de dominació. Però hi ha un conjunt t d’omissions i biaixos que fan que la “petjada de carboni” sigui un indicador molt poc fiable per molts motius, en comentem només 3:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">1.-Les petjades de carboni les calculen empreses consultores al servei de corporacions i/o estats, els seus resultats solen ser qüestionables i, moltes vegades son secrets. Per exemple és molt difícil trobar anàlisis (actuals) del cicle de vida dels productes electrònics, per fer-los cal informació de la que sols disposen les grans companyies, elles els fan (elles o les consultores, o les universitats, o els centres d’investigació), però difonen sols el que els interessa... o res.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="CA">2.-No es pot destriar la petjada de carboni dels factors socials. El ric del “primer mon” que vesteix amb fibres naturals, conreades ecològicament i de comerç just, és més responsable que el pobre que vesteix fibres sintètiques procedents del petroli?... Tendremos en cuenta que el que practica el “</span>eco-dressing”<span lang="CA"> treballa (o posseeix) una empresa que, evidentment, no serà zero carboni, o viu en un estat que històricament va contribuir a les emissions de carboni des de els orígens de la industrialització fins fa uns pocs anys, quan s’ha tornat amant de l’economia circular?.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">3.-Moltes petjades de carboni es calculen parcialment, no es te en conte les fases de producció, d’extracció de matèries primeres, ni de l’us de determinats equipaments necessaris (per exemple tot l’aparellam electrònic acompanyant),o la gestió dels seus residus. Així que, segur que Greta no ha calculat l’empremta de carboni de tota la alta tecnologia TIC i de materials sofisticats necessaris per construir un vaixell de competició que participa en les proves més elitistes, del ja elitista per se, mon de la nàutica “esportiva” o “recreativa”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="CA">No cal entrar en els acompanyants de Greta en el viatge transatlàntic, son pare (és una menor), el capità del vaixell, un director de cine que farà un documental sobre el viatge i un membre de la família Grimaldi, l’amo de la nau, en Pierre Casiraghi (més informació a les webs de Hola i Lecturas), i que, còmicament, és (o ha estat) propietari de la companyia de vols privats en helicòpter Monacair (</span><span lang="ES-TRAD"><a href="https://www.monacair.mc/it/" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none;"><span lang="CA">https://www.monacair.mc/it/</span></a></span><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span><span lang="CA">) i promotor de la construcció de luxe amb apartaments de 700metres a 100.000€ el metre (</span><span lang="ES-TRAD"><a href="https://www.revistavanityfair.es/sociedad/celebrities/articulos/el-edifico-de-lujo-de-pierre-y-andrea-casiraghi-en-monaco/24157" style="color: #888888; text-decoration-line: none;"><span lang="ES">https://www.revistavanityfair.es/sociedad/celebrities/articulos/el-edifico-de-lujo-de-pierre-y-andrea-casiraghi-en-monaco/24157</span></a></span> )<span lang="CA">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Ens diuen que el Malizia II, el vaixell per fer el creuer Europa EUA és sostenible (sura?) i zero carboni... MENTIDA!!!, és un vaixell de vela, d’alta tecnologia, però convencional. De fet anteriorment, abans de comprar-lo la família Grimaldi, era el Gitane d’Edmond de Rothschild, una transacció entre ricatxos, desprès s’afegeixen unes plaques fotovoltaiques i unes turbines (el just per produir l’electricitat necessària per el sofisticat aparellam de navegació i control i per l’ús quotidià dels navegants), “et voilà!!!”, un vaixell zero carboni.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">El Malizia II ha estat concebut per participar en regates d’alt nivell, on competeix amb vaixells propietat d’altres ricatxos (alguns aristòcrates) i de corporacions econòmiques diverses. És un mon exclusiu que mou milions directament i en forma d’ostentació, de publicitat i màrqueting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">La economia de les grans regates es basteix sobre la explotació dels treballadors del mon i de la terra, i, encara que siguin uns privilegiats, sobre la explotació de les tripulacions, que esdevenen una mena de servents qualificats, o el refugi de senyorets que volen fer, temporalment, una vida bohèmia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Les regates de competició necessiten vaixells cada cop més sofisticats i tecnificats, incorporen nous materials i equips TIC complexos i de darrera generació, el cost de cada nau és enorme. Els cost econòmic i ambiental d’aquests materials, d’aquest equipament i el de la part convencional del vaixell, s’hauria de carregar, d’una manera o altra a la seva “petjada de carboni”, més enllà de turbines i plaques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Caldria parlar de l’impacte ambiental i social que l’activitat regatista te, però manca informació i temps.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">Sembla que Greta ha caigut, s’ha deixat caure, o l’han fet caure... en una trampa, tot el discurs dels FFF era eficaç, però mancat d’una anàlisi seriosa de les motivacions i de les causes de la “crisi climàtica” (preferiríem parlar de crisi del sistema tecnoindustrial) i de l’abast de les “solucions” reals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: large;">Per el dia 20 de setembre hi ha convocada una aturada global, i del 20 al 27 una setmana d’acció. Hi ha moltes mancances en la convocatòria, però aquestes mancances ens han de fer superarles. I deixar clar que amb capitalisme i sistema tecnoindustrial no es pot aturar la devastació de la terra!.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">CONTRA EL CAPITALSIME I ELS ESTATS!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">CONTRA EL SISTEMA TECNOINDUSTRIAL!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><br style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif;" /><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Trebuchet, Verdana, sans-serif;">Més info:</span></span><br />
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<span lang="CA" style="background-color: white;">http://negreverd.blogspot.com/2019/06/banalitzacio-i-mercantilitzacio-del.html</span></div>
Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-45053409328143830192019-07-24T16:01:00.002-07:002019-07-24T16:01:35.207-07:00L’azione di Willem Van Spronsen contro il Northwest Detention Center a TacomaFonte - <a href="https://es.crimethinc.com/2019/07/14/lazione-di-willem-van-spronsen-contro-il-northwest-detention-center-a-tacoma-con-il-testo-completo-del-suo-ultimo-comunicato">CrimethInc. : L'azione di Willem Van Spronsen contro il Northwest Detention Center a Tacoma : Con il testo completo del suo ultimo comunicato</a> 14.7.2019<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Il 13 luglio Willem Van Spronsen è stato ucciso dalla polizia mentre a quanto <a href="https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=2424667040927495&id=671796032881280" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;">sembra portava avanti un’ azione</a> per distruggere <a href="https://twitter.com/drimcalban/status/1150237543390035968" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;">la flotta di bus</a> impiegati dal Northwest Detention Center, una struttura di detenzione per migranti privata. Il suo ultimo comunicato, riprodotto qui sotto riferisce del fatto che stesse agendo in risposta ai continui rastrellamenti e deportazioni portati avanti dalla polizia di frontiera (ICE: Immigration Customs and Enforcement). La sua azione coincide con il primo anniversario dello sciopero della fame nel Northwest Detention Center e di un campeggio di lotta al di fuori. Qui una lista di altre azioni avvenute nel <a href="https://perilouschronicle.com/tag/northwest-detention-center" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;">Northwest Detention Center</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sappiamo perchè Willem Van Spronsen ha deciso di dare la sua vita per interrompere la violenza perpetrata contro le persone senza documenti ogni giorno negli Stati Uniti.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Non è un iperbole affermare che i rastrellamenti dell’ICE stiano colpendo i nostri amici e vicini, persone che hanno vissuto e lavorato accanto a noi per anni, a volte decenni. La vulnerabilità di una fascia di popolazione senza documenti per un lungo periodo di tempo come classe altamente sfruttabile ha aiutato miliardari come Donald Trump a trarne profitti ancora più alti di quelli che avrebbero potuto con mezzi legali. E come ciliegina sulla torta i capitalisti dicono agli altri lavoratori che sfruttano che la povertà e la miseria che vivono è colpa di chi è più povero e più oppresso di loro. Difficile immaginare una strategia più cinica.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">La disparità dei diritti tra le persone con documenti e quelle senza è un costrutto — esattamente come la disparità di valore che i nazisti avevano istituito tra ebrei e non ebrei. Entrambe sono mere invenzioni; non hanno alcuna esistenza intrinseca se non quella di giustificare la violenza di un gruppo più potente nei confronti di uno più debole. Chi giustifica l’obbedienza alla legge come giusta a priori sta dalla parte dei nazisti le cui leggi hanno condannato milioni di persone a morte nei campi di sterminio, per non citare i razzisti che hanno approvato il Fugitive Slave Act e le Jim Crow laws negli stati del Sud.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Le leggi non sono altro che costrutti. Non hanno valore intrinseco in quanto tali. Servono spesso a legittimare l’ingiustizia in opposizione alla quale, invece la gente potrebbe agire.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yesterday a man was killed by police outside Northwest Detention Center in Tacoma, WA while allegedly attacking transportation infrastructure.<br /><br />Today also marks the 1-year anniversary of both a hunger-strike and a camp-blockade at of the same facility.<a class="link customisable" data-expanded-url="https://perilouschronicle.com/2018/07/14/hunger-strike-and-encampment-at-northwest-detention-center-tacoma/" data-scribe="element:url" dir="ltr" href="https://t.co/yEHQhfjt98" rel="nofollow noopener" style="background-color: transparent; color: #2b7bb9; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank" title="https://perilouschronicle.com/2018/07/14/hunger-strike-and-encampment-at-northwest-detention-center-tacoma/"><span class="u-hiddenVisually" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important; height: 1px !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important;">https://</span>perilouschronicle.com/2018/07/14/hun<span class="u-hiddenVisually" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important; height: 1px !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 1px !important;">ger-strike-and-encampment-at-northwest-detention-center-tacoma/ </span>…</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Hunger Strike and Encampment at Northwest Detention Center, Tacoma - Perilous</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">July 14-17, 2018: More than 40 detainees in pod A2 begin a hunger strike "to share the opinions of mistreatment that occur inside, and to ask for changes in ICE and GEO’s policies" the detainees say...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Più si permette ai propugnatori di violenza razzista di legittimare concetti inventati come la schiavitù e la cittadinanza, più sarà la violenza che perpetreranno— fino ai rastrellamenti, i campi di concentramento e gli stermini di massa. Abbiamo già visto tutto ciò, nella Germania nazista e altrove, e lo stiamo vedendo di nuovo oggi negli Stati Uniti. Le migliaia di morti <a href="https://es.crimethinc.com/books/no-wall-they-can-build" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;">nelle zone di confine</a> e le migliaia di morti assassinati dalla polizia sono solo un assaggio di ciò che è possibile.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A questo proposito, gli ebrei che stanno portando avanti blocchi contro l’ICE si stanno impegnando nello sforzo razionale di prevenire la reiterazione delle stesse ingiustizie impensabili perpetrare contro i loro avi—proprio come Willem Van Spronsen, cresciuto dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, che ha compiuto la scelta razionale di mostrare che il tempo era giunto per combattere l’ascesa del fascismo, esattamente come chi lo ha fatto negli anni venti, trenta o quaranta.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Se più persone avessero scelto di passare all’azione nella lotta contro l’ascesa del fascismo in Italia e in Germania, la seconda guerra mondiale avrebbe potuto essere evitata, e con essa si sarebbero potute salvare milioni e milioni di vite. Che nessuno dica che è “violento” attaccare le infrastrutture dell’ICE e i mercenari che le mantengono. La vera violenza è la complicità degli “americani onesti” che non fanno niente quando i loro vicini scompaiono, proprio come i “tedeschi onesti” che scelsero di ignorare cosa veniva fatto ai loro vicini negli anni trenta.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ogni giorno, in tutto il mondo mercenari rischiano la vita al servizio di ricchi e potenti e per i loro piani, obbedendo senza scrupoli agli ordini, sprecando la loro capacità di pensare razionalmente, di provare compassione, di assumersi la responsabilità delle proprie azioni. Milioni di persone uccidono e muoiono ogni anno solo per il vantaggio e il potere dei tiranni che li manipolano. Willem Van Spronsen ha scelto di scegliere per se stesso. Si è assunto la responsabilità e ha fatto ciò che poteva per porre fine a cosa riconosceva come ingiustizia. Non ha usato la difesa stile Norimberga per giustificare le sue azioni come fa ogni poliziotto e secondino.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In questo senso, ciò che ha fatto è un gesto eroico.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">L’uomo che è determinato al suo gesto non è l’uomo coraggioso, è l’uomo che ha chiarito le sue idee, che si è reso conto dell’inutilità di tanti sforzi per recitare bene la propria parte nella rappresentazione assegnatagli dal capitale. Cosciente, quest’uomo attacca con freddezza e determinazione. E nel far ciò si realizza come uomo. Realizza se stesso nella gioia. Il regno della morte scompare davanti a lui. Anche se crea distruzione e terrore per i padroni, nel suo cuore, e nel cuore degli sfruttati, è la gioia e la tranquillità.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">-<a href="https://pugetsoundanarchists.org/we-are-the-fire-that-will-melt-ice-rest-in-power-will-van-spronsen-olympia-wa/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;">Alfredo Bonanno</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Ultimo comunicato di Willem Van Spronsen</span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Esiste il giusto e lo sbagliato.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />E’ tempo di agire contro le forze del Male.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Il Male dice che una vita vale meno di un’altra.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Il Male dice che il flusso del commercio è il nostro scopo qui.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Il Male dice che i campi di concentramento per le genti considerate meno importanti sono necessari.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />L’ancella del Male dice che i campi di concentramento dovrebbero essere più umani.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Guardatevi dai moderati.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ho un cuore infranto di padre.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Ho un corpo tormentato.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />E ho un aborrimento irremovibile nei confronti dell’Ingiustizia.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Ciò mi ha portato qui.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Questa è la mia opportunità evidente di provare a fare la differenza, sarei un ingrato se aspettassi un invito più ovvio.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Seguo tre maestri:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Don Pritts, la mia guida spirituale. “L’amore senza azione è solo una parola.”<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />John Brown, la mia guida morale. “L’azione è ciò che è necessario!”<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Emma Goldman, la mia guida politica. “Se non posso ballare, non è la mia rivoluzione.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sono un sognatore con la testa fra le nuvole, credo nell’amore e nella redenzione.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Credo che vinceremo.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Sono un rivoluzionario gioioso. (ognuno di noi avrebbe dovuto leggere Emma Goldman a scuola invece delle stronzate gingoiste [scioviniste n.d.T.] di cui ci hanno nutrito, ma mi sto dilungando.) (Ognuno di noi dovrebbe guardare le foto degli eroi delle YPG se vacilliamo e pensiamo che i nostri sogni siano impossibili, ma mi sto dilungando ancora. Combattimi.)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In questi giorni in cui picchiatori fascisti prendono di mira le persone vulnerabili nelle nostre strade nel nome dello Stato o supportati e difesi dallo Stato.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In questi giorni di campi di detenzione/concentramento altamente redditizi e di battaglie sulla semantica.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In questi giorni senza speranza, di vane ricerche e vuoti aneliti.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Stiamo vivendo in una fase palesemente ascendente di fascismo . (Dico palesemente perché chi ha prestato attenzione lo ha visto sopravvivere e prosperare sotto la protezione dello Stato per decadi. [vedi Storia del popolo americano dal 1492 a oggi di Howard Zinn] Ora ne segue sfacciatamente l’agenda con una cooperazione aperta e piena da parte del governo. Da parte di tutti i governi del mondo.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Il fascismo è al servizio delle necessità dello Stato e del business e lo fa a tue spese. Chi ci guadagna? Jeff Bezos, Warren Buffet, Elon Musk, Tim Cook, Bill Gates, Betsy de Vos, George Soros, Donald Trump, e serve che continui? Lo dico ancora: gente ricca (che pensa che tu non sia realmente tutto questo bene), un governo veramente da paura (ogni governo ovunque, inclusi i governi “comunisti”, perché loro dettano le regole per far diventare i ricchi sempre più ricchi.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Non starci a pensare troppo.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />E’ semplice.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(Voi patrioti la dietro siete attenti?)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Quando ero ragazzo nell’Olanda del dopoguerra, più tardi in Francia, la mia testa era piena di storie sull’ascesa del fascismo negli anni trenta. Feci una promessa a me stesso che non sarei stato uno di quelli che sta a guardare mentre strappano i vicini dalle loro case e li imprigionano perché sono considerati in qualche modo inferiori.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Non devi per forza dare fuoco a quei pezzi di merda ma pensi di restare con le mani in mano?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Questo è un test delle basi di ciò in cui crediamo, nella vera libertà e nella responsabilità verso ognuno. Questa è una chiamata anche per i patrioti, per contrastare questa presa in giro contro tutto ciò che ritenete sacro. Vi conosco. So che nei vostri cuori voi vedete il disonore di questi campi. E’ giunto il tempo anche per voi di ribellarvi al denaro che tira i fili di <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ogni</span>maledetto pupazzo che vorrebbe rappresentarci.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sono un uomo che ama così tanto tutti voi e questa sfera che completerò la mia infanzia, me lo prometto, essendo generoso.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Eccoci qua, con questi campi di concentramento/imprese di profitto.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Eccoci qua, con gente di colore e persone “non conformi” che hanno paura di mostrare la loro faccia in giro a causa della polizia, della Migra [polizia di frontiera n.d.T.], dei Proud Boys [un’organizzazione neofascista che ammette solo uomini come membri e promuove la violenza contro i migranti n.d.T.], dei boss, delle Beckies [le donne bianche inquadrate nel sistema che li denunciano alla polizia n.d.T.]<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Eccoci qua con un pianeta quasi logoro a causa dell’avidità dei mercati.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sono uno che la pensa in bianco e nero.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />I campi di detenzione sono un abominio.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Non resto a guardare.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Non avrei veramente nient’altro da dire se non questo.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Metto da parte il mio cuore infranto e guarisco nell’unico modo che conosco—essendo utile.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Divido il mio dolore, efficientemente, in compartimenti stagni…<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />E con gioia vado a fare questo lavoro.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />(A quelli che avranno il fardello delle macerie delle mie azioni, spero che facciate buon uso di quel fardello.)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ai miei compagni:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Rimpiango il fatto che mi perderò il resto della rivoluzione.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Vi ringrazio per l’onore di essere stato in mezzo a voi.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Avermi dato lo spazio per essere utile, per sentire che stavo mettendo in pratica le mie idee, è stato l’apice spirituale della mia vita.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fare ciò che posso per aiutare a difendere la mia gente preziosa e meravigliosa è un’esperienza troppo ricca da descrivere.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I/le mie/i compagni/e trans mi hanno trasformato, solidificando la mia convinzione che saremo guidati verso un futuro agognato dai chi più è marginalizzato oggi. L’ho sognato così lucidamente che non ho davvero alcun rammarico nel non vedere come sarà. Grazie di avermi portato fin qui.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sono un antifa. Sto con i compagni di tutto il mondo che agiscono per amore della vita in ogni condizione. Compagni che capiscono che la libertà vuol dire libertà per tutti e una vita che valga la pena di essere vissuta.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Continua a crederci!<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Tutto il potere al popolo!<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Bella ciao.</span></div>
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<a href="https://crimethinc.com/2019/07/16/willem-van-spronsens-audio-legacy" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #666666; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Manifesto audio e archivio musicale →</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Che nessuna stupida agenzia governativa spenda soldi a “fare indagini” su questo. Mi sono radicalizzato nelle lezioni di educazione civica a 13 anni quando ci parlavano del parlamento. Allora compresi che lo status quo poteva essere un castello di carte. Letture successive me lo hanno confermato. Vi consiglio vivamente di leggere!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Non sono affiliato a nessuna organizzazione, mi sono dissociato da qualsiasi organizzazione che non sia d’accordo con la mia scelta di tattiche.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">L’arma semiautomatica che ho usato è una “ghost” AR-15,economica, fatta in casa e con sei caricatori. Incoraggio con forza i compagni e i futuri compagni ad armarsi. Ora abbiamo la responsabilità di difendere la gente dallo Stato rapace. Ignorate la legge nell’armarvi se ne avete il prestigio, io lo ho avuto.</span></div>
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<figure class="" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 1em auto; max-width: 860px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><img src="https://cloudfront.crimethinc.com/assets/articles/2019/07/14/guitar.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 860px;" /></figure><figure class="" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 1em auto; max-width: 860px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><img src="https://cloudfront.crimethinc.com/assets/articles/2019/07/14/2.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 860px;" /></figure></div>
Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-82933815433048244642019-06-24T05:30:00.000-07:002019-06-24T05:30:22.777-07:00Hong Kong: Anarchists in the Resistance to the Extradition Bill - CrimethinkSource - <a href="https://es.crimethinc.com/2019/06/22/hong-kong-anarchists-in-the-resistance-to-the-extradition-bill-an-interview">CrimethInc. : Hong Kong: Anarchists in the Resistance to the Extradition Bill : An Interview</a> 22.6.2019<br />
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Since 1997, when it ceased to be the last major colonial holding of Great Britain, Hong Kong has been a part of the People’s Republic of China, while maintaining a distinct political and legal system. In February, an unpopular bill was introduced that would make it possible to extradite fugitives in Hong Kong to countries that the Hong Kong government has no existing extradition agreements with—including mainland China. On June 9, over a million people took the streets in protest; on June12, protesters engaged in pitched confrontations with police; on June 16, two million people participated in one of the biggest marches in the city’s history. The following interview with an anarchist collective in Hong Kong explores the context of this wave of unrest. Our correspondents draw on over a decade of experience in the previous social movements in an effort to come to terms with the motivations that drive the participants, and elaborate upon the new forms of organization and <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">subjectivation</em> that define this new sequence of struggle.</div>
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In the United States, the most recent popular struggles have cohered around resisting Donald Trump and the extreme right. In France, the <a href="https://crimethinc.com/2018/11/27/the-yellow-vest-movement-in-france-between-ecological-neoliberalism-and-apolitical-movements" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gilets Jaunes</a> movement drew anarchists, leftists, and far-right nationalists into the streets against Macron’s centrist government <a href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">and each other</a>. In Hong Kong, we see a social movement against a state governed by the authoritarian left. What challenges do opponents of capitalism and the state face in this context? How can we outflank nationalists, neoliberals, and pacifists who seek to control and exploit our movements?</div>
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As China extends its reach, competing with the United States and European Union for global hegemony, it is important to experiment with models of resistance against the political model it represents, while taking care to prevent neoliberals and reactionaries from capitalizing on popular opposition to the authoritarian left. Anarchists in Hong Kong are uniquely positioned to comment on this.</div>
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The front façade of the Hong Kong Police headquarters in Wan Chai, covered in egg yolks on the evening of June 21. Hundreds of protesters sealed the entrance, demanding the unconditional release of every person that has been arrested in relation to the struggle thus far. The banner below reads “Never Surrender.” Photo by KWBB from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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“The left” is institutionalized and ineffectual in Hong Kong. Generally, the “scholarist” liberals and “citizenist” right-wingers have a chokehold over the narrative whenever protests break out, especially when mainland China is involved.</div>
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In the struggle against the extradition bill, has the escalation in tactics made it difficult for those factions to represent or manage “the movement”? Has the revolt exceeded or undermined their capacity to shape the discourse? Do the events of the past month herald similar developments in the future, or has this been a common subterranean theme in popular unrest in Hong Kong already?</div>
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We think it’s important for everyone to understand that—thus far—what has happened cannot be properly understood to be “a movement.” It’s far too inchoate for that. What I mean is that, unlike the so-called “<a href="http://www.ultra-com.org/project/black-versus-yellow/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Umbrella Movement</a>,” which escaped the control of its founding architects (the intellectuals who announced “Occupy Central With Love And Peace” a year in advance) very early on while adhering for the most part to the pacifistic, citizenist principles that they outlined, there is no real guiding narrative uniting the events that have transpired so far, no foundational credo that authorizes—or sanctifies—certain forms of action while proscribing others in order to cultivate a spectacular, exemplary façade that can be photographed and broadcast to screens around the world.</div>
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The short answer to your question, then, is… yes, thus far, <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">nobody</em> is authorized to speak on behalf of the movement. Everybody is scrambling to come to terms with a nascent form of subjectivity that is taking shape before us, now that the formal figureheads of the tendencies you referenced have been crushed and largely marginalized. That includes the “scholarist” fraction of the students, now known as “<a href="https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/1999067/undue-caution-joshua-wong-blasts-hong-kong-officials-over" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Demosisto</a>,” and the right-wing “nativists,” both of which were disqualified from participating in the legislative council after being voted in.</div>
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Throughout this interview, we will attempt to describe our own intuitions about what this embryonic form of subjectivity looks like and the conditions from which it originates. But these are only tentative. Whatever is going on, we can say that it emerges from within a field from which the visible, recognized protagonists of previous sequences, including political parties, student bodies, and right-wing and populist groups, have all been vanquished or discredited. It is a field populated with shadows, haunted by shades, echoes, and murmurs. As of now, center stage remains empty.</div>
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This means that the more prevalent “default” modes of understanding are invoked to fill the gaps. Often, it appears that we are set for an unfortunate reprisal of the sequence that played itself out in the Umbrella Movement:</div>
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<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">public outrage manifests itself in huge marches and subsequent occupations, organized and understood as sanctimonious displays of civil virtue</li>
<li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">these occupations ossify into tense, puritanical, and paranoid encampments obsessed with policing behavior to keep it in line with the prescribed script</li>
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Of course, this is just a cursory description of the Umbrella Movement of five years ago—and even then, there was a considerable amount of “excess”: novel and emancipatory practices and encounters that the official narrative could not account for. These experiences should be retrieved and recovered, though this is not the time or place for that. What we face now is another exercise in mystification, in which the protocols that come into operation every time the social fabric enters a crisis may foreclose the possibilities that are opening up. It would be premature to suggest that this is about to happen, however.</div>
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In our cursory and often extremely unpleasant perusals of Western far-left social media, we have noticed that all too often, the intelligence falls victim to our penchant to run the rule over this or that struggle. So much of what passes for “commentary” tends to fall on either side of two poles—impassioned acclamation of the power of the proletarian intelligence or cynical denunciation of its populist recuperation. None of us can bear the suspense of having to suspend our judgment on something outside our ken, and we hasten to find someone who can formalize this unwieldy mass of information into a rubric that we can comprehend and digest, in order that we can express our support or apprehension.</div>
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We have no real answers for anybody who wants to know whether they should care about what’s going on in Hong Kong as opposed to, say, France, Algeria, Sudan. But we can plead with those who are interested in understanding what’s happening to take the time to develop an understanding of this city. Though we don’t entirely share their politics and have some quibbles with the facts presented therein, we endorse any coverage of events in Hong Kong that Ultra, Nao, and Chuang have offered over the years to the English-speaking world. Ultra’s piece on the <a href="http://www.ultra-com.org/project/black-versus-yellow/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Umbrella Movement</a> is likely the best account of the events currently available.</div>
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Our banner in the marches, which is usually found at the front of our drum squad. It reads “There are no ‘good citizens’, only potential criminals.” This banner was made in response to propaganda circulated by pro-Beijing establishmentarian political groups in Hong Kong, assuring “good citizens” everywhere that extradition measures do not threaten those with a sound conscience who are quietly minding their own business. Photo by WWS from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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If we understand “the left” as a political subject that situates questions of class struggle and labor at the center of its politics, it’s not entirely certain that such a thing even properly exists in Hong Kong. Of course, friends of ours run excellent blogs, and there are small grouplets and the like. Certainly, everybody talks about the wealth gap, rampant poverty, the capitalist class, the fact that we are all “打工仔” (jobbers, working folk) struggling to survive. But, as almost anywhere else, the primary form of subjectivity and identification that everyone subscribes to is the idea of citizenship in a national community. It follows that this imagined belonging is founded on negation, exclusion, and demarcation from the Mainland. You can only imagine the torture of seeing the tiresome “I’m a Hong Konger, not Chinese!” t-shirts on the subway, or hearing “Hong Kongers add oil!” (essentially, “way to go!”) chanted ad <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">nauseam</em> for an entire afternoon during recent marches.</div>
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It should interest readers from abroad to know that the word “left” in Hong Kong has two connotations. Obviously, for the generation of our parents and their parents before them, “Left” means Communist. Which is why “Left” could refer to a businessman who is a Party member, or a pro-establishment politician who is notoriously pro-China. For younger people, the word “Left” is a stigma (often conjugated with “plastic,” a word in Cantonese that sounds like “dickhead”) attached to a previous generation of activists who were involved in a prior sequence of social struggle—including struggles to prevent the demolition of Queen’s Ferry Pier in Central, against the construction of the high-speed Railway going through the northeast of Hong Kong into China, and against the destruction of vast tracts of farmland in the North East territories, all of which ended in demoralizing defeat. These movements were often led by articulate spokespeople—artists or NGO representatives who forged tactical alliances with progressives in the pan-democratic movement. The defeat of these movements, attributed to their apprehensions about endorsing direct action and their pleas for patience and for negotiations with authority, is now blamed on that generation of activists. All the rage and frustration of the young people who came of age in that period, heeding the direction of these figureheads who commanded them to disperse as they witnessed yet another defeat, yet another exhibition of orchestrated passivity, has progressively taken a rightward turn. Even secondary and university student bodies that have traditionally been staunchly center-left and progressive have become explicitly nationalist.</div>
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One crucial tenet among this generation, emerging from a welter of disappointments and failures, is a focus on direct action, and a consequent refusal of “small group discussions,” “consensus,” and the like. This was a theme that first appeared in the umbrella movement—most prominently in the Mong Kok encampment, where the possibilities were richest, but where the right was also, unfortunately, able to establish a firm foothold. The distrust of the previous generation remains prevalent. For example, on the afternoon of June 12, in the midst of the street fights between police and protesters, several members of a longstanding social-democratic party tasked themselves with relaying information via microphone to those on the front lines, telling them where to withdraw to if they needed to escape, what holes in the fronts to fill, and similar information. Because of this distrust of parties, politicians, professional activists and their agendas, many ignored these instructions and instead relied on word of mouth information or information circulating in online messaging groups.</div>
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It’s no exaggeration to say that the founding myth of this city is that refugees and dissidents fled communist persecution to build an oasis of wealth and freedom, a fortress of civil liberties safeguarded by the rule of law. In view of that, on a mundane level, it could be said that many in Hong Kong already understand themselves as being in revolt, in the way they live and the freedoms they enjoy—and that they consider this identity, however vacuous and tenuous it may be, to be a property that has to be defended at all costs. It shouldn’t be necessary to say much here about the fact that much of the actual ecological “wealth” that constitutes this city—its most interesting (and often poorest) neighborhoods, a whole host of informal clubs, studios, and dwelling places situated in industrial buildings, farmland in the Northeast territories, historic walled villages and rural districts—are being pillaged and destroyed piece by piece by the state and private developers, to the resounding indifference of these indignant <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">citoyens.</em></div>
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In any case, if liberals are successful in deploying their Cold War language about the need to defend civil liberties and human rights from the encroaching Red Tide, and right-wing populist calls to defend the integrity of our identity also gain traction, it is for these deep-rooted and rather banal historical reasons. Consider the timing of this struggle, how it exploded when images of police brutalizing and arresting young students went viral—like a perfect repetition of the prelude to the umbrella movement. This happened within a week of the annual candlelight vigil commemorating those killed in the Tiananmen Massacre on June 4, 1989, a date remembered in Hong Kong as the day tanks were called in to steamroll over students peacefully gathering in a plea for civil liberties. It is impossible to overstate the profundity of this wound, this trauma, in the formation of the popular psyche; this was driven home when thousands of mothers gathered in public, in an almost perfect mirroring of the Tiananmen mothers, to publicly grieve for the disappeared futures of their children, now eclipsed in the shadow of the communist monolith. It stupefies the mind to think that the police—not once now, but twice—broke the greatest of all taboos: opening fire on the young.</div>
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In light of this, it would be naïve to suggest that anything significant has happened yet to suggest that to escaping the “chokehold” that you describe “scholarist” liberals and “citizenist” right-wingers maintaining on the narrative here. Both of these factions are simply symptoms of an underlying condition, aspects of an ideology that has to be attacked and taken apart in practice. Perhaps we should approach what is happening right now as a sort of psychoanalysis in public, with the psychopathology of our city exposed in full view, and see the actions we engage in collectively as a chance to work through traumas, manias, and obsessive complexes together. While it is undoubtedly dismaying that the momentum and morale of this struggle is sustained, across the social spectrum, by a constant invocation of the “Hong Kong people,” who are incited to protect their home at all costs, and while this deeply troubling unanimity covers over many problems,<span id="fnref:1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="footnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fn:1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1</a></span> we accept the turmoil and the calamity of our time, the need to intervene in circumstances that are never of our own choosing. However bleak things may appear, this struggle offers a chance for new encounters, for the elaboration of new grammars.</div>
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Graffiti seen in the road occupation in Admiralty near the government quarters, reading “Carry a can of paint with you, it’s a remedy for canine rabies.” Cops are popularly referred to as “dogs” here. Photo by WWS from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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What has happened to the discourse of civility in the interlude between the umbrella movement and now? Did it contract, expand, decay, transform?</div>
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That’s an interesting question to ask. Perhaps the most significant thing that we can report about the current sequence that, astonishingly, when a small fringe of protesters attempted to break into the legislative council on June 9 following a day-long march, it was not universally criticized as an act of lunacy or, worse, the work of China or police provocateurs. Bear in mind that on June 9 and 12, the two attempts to break into the legislative council building thus far, the legislative assembly was not in session; people were effectively attempting to break into an empty building.</div>
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Now, much as we have our reservations about the effectiveness of doing such a thing in the first place,<span id="fnref:2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="footnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fn:2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">2</a></span> this is extraordinary, considering the fact that the last attempt to do so, which occurred in a protest against development in the North East territories shortly before the umbrella movement, took place while deliberations were in session and was broadly condemned or ignored.<span id="fnref:3" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="footnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fn:3" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3</a></span> Some might suggest that the legacy of the Sunflower movement in Taiwan remains a big inspiration for many here; others might say that the looming threat of Chinese annexation is spurring the public to endorse desperate measures that they would otherwise chastise.</div>
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On the afternoon of June 12, when tens of thousands of people suddenly found themselves assaulted by riot police, scrambling to escape from barrages of plastic bullets and tear gas, nobody condemned the masked squads in the front fighting back against the advancing lines of police and putting out the tear gas canisters as they landed. A longstanding, seemingly insuperable gulf has always existed between the “peaceful” protesters (pejoratively referred to as “peaceful rational non-violent dickheads” by most of us on the other side) and the “bellicose” protesters who believe in direct action. Each side tends to view the other with contempt.</div>
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Protesters transporting materials to build barricades. The graffiti on the wall can be roughly (and liberally) translated as “Hong Kongers ain’t nuthin’ to fuck wit’.” Photo by WWS from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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The online forum <a href="https://lihkg.com/category/1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">lihkg</a> has functioned as a central place for young people to organize, exchange political banter, and circulate information relating to this struggle. For the first time, a whole host of threads on this site have been dedicated to healing this breach or at least cultivating respect for those who do nothing but show up for the marches every Sunday—if only because marches that number in the millions and bring parts of the city to a temporary standstill are a pretty big deal, however mind-numbingly boring they may be in actuality. The last time the marches were anywhere close to this huge, a Chief Executive stepped down and the amending of a law regarding freedom of speech was moved to the back burner. All manner of groups are attempting to invent a way to contribute to the struggle, the most notable of which is the congregation of Christians that have assembled in front of police lines at the legislative council, chanting the same hymn without reprieve for a week and a half. That hymn has become a refrain that will likely reverberate through struggles in the future, for better or worse.</div>
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Are there clear openings or lines of flight in this movement that would allow for interventions that undermine the power of the police, of the law, of the commodity, without producing a militant subject that can be identified and excised?</div>
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It is difficult to answer this question. Despite the fact that proletarians compose the vast majority of people waging this struggle—proletarians whose lives are stolen from them by soulless jobs, who are compelled to spend more and more of their wages paying rents that continue to skyrocket because of comprehensive gentrification projects undertaken by state officials and private developers (who are often one and the same)—you must remember that “free market capitalism” is taken by many to be a defining trait of the cultural identity of Hong Kong, distinguishing it from the “red” capitalism managed by the Communist Party. What currently exists in Hong Kong, for some people, is far from ideal; when one says “the rich,” it invokes images of tycoon monopolies—cartels and communist toadies who have formed a dark pact with the Party to feed on the blood of the poor.</div>
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So, just as people are ardent for a government and institutions that we can properly call “our own”—yes, including the police—they desire a capitalism that we can finally call “our own,” a capitalism free from corruption, political chicanery, and the like. It’s easy to chuckle at this, but like any community gathered around a founding myth of pioneers fleeing persecution and building a land of freedom and plenty from sacrifice and hard work… it’s easy to understand why this fixation exerts such a powerful hold on the imagination.</div>
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This is a city that fiercely defends the initiative of the entrepreneur, of private enterprise, and understands every sort of hustle as a way of making a living, a tactic in the tooth-and-nail struggle for survival. This grim sense of life as survival is omnipresent in our speech; when we speak of “working,” we use the term “搵食,” which literally means looking for our next meal. That explains why protesters have traditionally been very careful to avoid alienating the working masses by actions such as blockading a road used by busses transporting working stiffs back home.</div>
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While we understand that much of our lives are preoccupied with and consumed by work, nobody dares to propose the refusal of work, to oppose the indignity of being treated as producer-consumers under the dominion of the commodity. The police are chastised for being “running dogs” of an evil totalitarian empire, rather than being what they actually are: the foot soldiers of the regime of property.</div>
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What is novel in the current situation is that many people now accept that acts of solidarity with the struggle, however minute,<span id="fnref:4" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="footnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fn:4" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4</a></span> can lead to arrest, and are prepared to tread this shifting line between legality and illegality. It is no exaggeration to say that we are witnessing the appearance of a generation that is prepared for imprisonment, something that was formerly restricted to “professional activists” at the forefront of social movements. At the same time, there is no existing discussion regarding what the force of law is, how it operates, or the legitimacy of the police and prisons as institutions. People simply feel they need to employ measures that transgress the law in order the preserve the sanctity of the Law, which has been violated and dishonored by the cowboys of communist corruption.</div>
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However, it is important to note that this is the first time that proposals for strikes in various sectors and general strikes have been put forward regarding an issue that is, on the surface of it, unrelated to labor.</div>
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Our friends in the “Housewives Against Extradition” section of the march on September 9. The picture shows a group of housewives and aunties, many of whom were on the streets for the first time. Photo by WWS from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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How do barricades and occupations like the one from a few days ago reproduce themselves in the context of Hong Kong?</div>
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Barricades are simply customary now. Whenever people gather en masse and intend to occupy a certain territory to establish a front, barricades are built quickly and effectively. There is a creeping sense now that occupations are becoming routine and futile, physically taxing and ultimately inefficient. What’s interesting in this struggle is that people are really spending a lot of time thinking about what “works,” what requires the least expenditure of effort and achieves the maximum effect in paralyzing parts of the city or interrupting circulation, rather than what holds the greatest moral appeal to an imagined “public” watching everything from the safety of the living room—or even, conversely, what “feels” the most militant.</div>
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There have been many popular proposals for “non-cooperative” quotidian actions such as jamming up an entire subway train by coordinating groups of friends to pack the cars with people and luggage for a whole afternoon, or cancelling bank accounts and withdrawing savings from savings accounts in order to create inflation. Some have spread suggestions regarding how to dodge paying taxes for the rest of your life. These might not seem like much, but what’s interesting is the relentless circulation of suggestions from all manner of quarters, from people with varying kinds of expertise, about how people can act on their own initiative where they live or work and in their everyday lives, rather than imagining “the struggle” as something that is waged exclusively on the streets by masked, able-bodied youth.</div>
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Whatever criticisms anybody might have about what has happened thus far, this formidable exercise in collective intelligence is really incredibly impressive—an action can be proposed in a message group or on an anonymous message board thread, a few people organize to do it, and it’s done without any fuss or fanfare. Forms circulate and multiply as different groups try them out and modify them.</div>
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In the West, Leninists and Maoists have been screaming bloody murder about “CIA Psyop” or “Western backed color revolution.” Have hegemonic forces in Hong Kong invoked the “outside agitator” theme on the ground at a narrative level?</div>
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Actually, that is the official line of the Chief Executive, who has repeatedly said that she regards the events of the past week as riotous behavior incited by foreign interests that are interested in conducting a “color revolution” in the city. I’m not sure if she would repeat that line now that she has apologized publicly for “creating contradictions” and discord with her decisions, but all the same—it’s hilarious that <a href="https://libcom.org/blog/everything-you-ever-wanted-know-about-tankies-were-afraid-ask-08032018" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">tankies</a> share the exact same opinion as our formal head of state.</div>
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It’s an open secret that various pro-democracy NGOs, parties, and thinktanks receive American funding. It’s not some kind of occult conspiracy theory that only tankies know about. But these tankies are suggesting that the platform that coordinates the marches—a broad alliance of political parties, NGOs, and the like—is also the ideological spearhead and architect of the “movement,” which is simply a colossal misunderstanding. That platform has been widely denounced, discredited, and mocked by the “direct action” tendencies that are forming all around us, and it is only recently that, as we said above, there are slightly begrudging threads on the Internet offering them indirect praise for being able to coordinate marches that actually achieve something. If only tankies would stop treating everybody like mindless neo-colonial sheep acting at the cryptic behest of Western imperialist intelligence.</div>
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That said, it would be dishonest if we failed to mention that, alongside threads on message boards discussing the niceties of direct action tactics abroad, there are also threads alerting everyone to the fact that voices in the White House have expressed their disapproval for the law. Some have even celebrated this. Also, there <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">is</em> a really wacky petition circulating on Facebook to get people to appeal to the White House for foreign intervention. I’m sure one would see these sorts of things in any struggle of this scale in any non-Western city. They aren’t smoking guns confirming imperialist manipulation; they are fringe phenomena that are not the driving force behind events thus far.</div>
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Have any slogans, neologisms, new slang, popular talking points, or funny phrases emerged that are unique to the situation?</div>
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Yes, lots, though we’re not sure how we would go about translating them. But the force that is generating these memes, that is inspiring all these Whatsapp and Telegram stickers and catchphrases, is actually the police force.</div>
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Between shooting people in the eye with plastic bullets, flailing their batons about, and indiscriminately firing tear gas canisters at peoples’ heads and groins, they also found the time to utter some truly classic pearls that have made their way on to t-shirts. One of these <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">bons mots</em> is the rather unfortunate and politically incorrect “liberal cunt.” In the heat of a skirmish between police and protesters, a policeman called someone at the frontlines by that epithet. All our swear words in Cantonese revolve around male and female genitalia, unfortunately; we have quite a few words for private parts. In Cantonese, this formulation doesn’t sound as sensible as it does in English. Said together in Cantonese, “liberal” and “cunt” sounds positively hilarious.</div>
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Does this upheaval bear any connections to the fishball riots or Hong Kong autonomy from a few years ago?</div>
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A: The “fishball riots” were a demonstrative lesson in many ways, especially for people like us, who found ourselves spectators situated at some remove from the people involved. It was a paroxysmic explosion of rage against the police, a completely unexpected aftershock from the collapse of the umbrella movement. An entire party, the erstwhile darlings of right-wing youth everywhere, “Hong Kong Indigenous,” owes its whole career to this riot. They made absolutely sure that everyone knew they were attending, showing up in uniform and waving their royal blue flags at the scene. They were voted into office, disqualified, and incarcerated—one of the central members is now seeking asylum in Germany, where his views on Hong Kong independence have apparently softened considerably in the course of hanging out with German Greens. That is fresh in the memory of folks who know that invisibility is now paramount.</div>
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What effect has Joshua Wong’s release had?</div>
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A: We are not sure how surprised readers from overseas will be to discover, after perhaps watching that awful documentary about Joshua Wong on Netflix, that his release has not inspired much fanfare at all. Demosisto are now effectively the “Left Plastic” among a new batch of secondary students.</div>
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Are populist factions functioning as a real force of recuperation?</div>
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A: All that we have written above illustrates how, while the struggle currently escapes the grasp of every established group, party, and organization, its content is populist by default. The struggle has attained a sprawling scale and drawn in a wide breadth of actors; right now, it is expanding by the minute. But there is little thought given to the fact that many of those who are most obviously and immediately affected by the law will be people whose work takes place across the border—working with and providing aid to workers in Shenzhen, for instance.</div>
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Nobody is entirely sure what the actual implications of the law are. Even accounts written by professional lawyers vary quite widely, and this gives press outlets that brand themselves as “voices of the people”<span id="fnref:5" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="footnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fn:5" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">5</a></span> ample space to frame the entire issue as simply a matter of Hong Kong’s constitutional autonomy being compromised, with an entire city in revolt against the imposition of an all-encompassing surveillance state.</div>
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Perusing message boards and conversing with people around the government complex, you would think that the introduction of this law means that expressions of dissent online or objectionable text messages to friends on the Mainland could lead to extradition. This is far from being the case, as far as the letter of the law goes. But the events of the last few years, during which booksellers in Hong Kong have been disappeared for selling publications banned on the Mainland and activists in Hong Kong have been detained and deprived of contact upon crossing the border, offer little cause to trust a party that is already notorious for cooking up charges and contravening the letter of the law whenever convenient. Who knows what it will do once official authorization is granted.</div>
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Paranoia invariably sets in whenever the subject of China comes up. On the evening of June 12, when the clouds of tear gas were beginning to clear up, the founder of a Telegram message group with 10,000+ active members was arrested by the police, who commanded him to unlock his phone. His testimony revealed that he was told that even if he refused, they would hack his phone anyway. Later, the news reported that he was using a Xiaomi phone at the time. This news went viral, with many commenting that his choice of phone was both bold and idiotic, since urban legend has it that Xiaomi phones not only have a “backdoor” that permits Xiaomi to access the information on every one of its phones and assume control of the information therein, but that Xiaomi—by virtue of having its servers in China—uploads all information stored on its cloud to the database of party overlords. It is futile to try to suggest that users who are anxious about such things can take measures to seal backdoors, or that background information leeching can be detected by simply checking the data usage on your phone. Xiaomi is effectively regarded as an expertly engineered Communist tracking device, and arguments about it are no longer technical, but ideological to the point of superstition.</div>
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This “post-truth” dimension of this struggle, compounded with all the psychopathological factors that we enumerated above, makes everything that is happening that much more perplexing, that much more overwhelming. For so long, fantasy has been the impetus for social struggle in this city—the fantasy of a national community, urbane, free-thinking, civilized and each sharing in the negative freedoms that the law provides, the fantasy of electoral democracy… Whenever these affirmative fantasies are put at risk, they are defended and enacted in public, <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">en masse,</em> and the sales for “I Am Hong Konger” [sic] go through the roof.</div>
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This is what gives the proceedings a distinctly conservative, reactionary flavor, despite how radical and decentralized the new forms of action are. All we can do as a collective is seek ways to subvert this fantasy, to expose and demonstrate its vacuity in form and content.</div>
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At this time, it feels surreal that everybody around us is so certain, so clear about what they need to do—oppose this law with every means that they have available to them—while the reasons for doing so remain hopelessly obscure. It could very well be the case that this suffocating opacity is our lot for the time being, in this phase premised upon more action, less talk, on the relentless need to keep abreast of and act on the flow of information that is constantly accelerating around us.</div>
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In so many ways, what we see happening around us is a fulfillment of what we have dreamt of for years. So many bemoan the “lack of political leadership,” which they see as a noxious habit developed over years of failed movements, but the truth is that those who are accustomed to being protagonists of struggles, including ourselves as a collective, have been overtaken by events. It is no longer a matter of a tiny scene of activists concocting a set of tactics and programs and attempting to market them to the public. “The public” is taking action all around us, exchanging techniques on forums, devising ways to evade surveillance, to avoid being arrested at all costs. It is now possible to learn more about fighting the police in one afternoon than we did in a few years.</div>
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In the midst of this breathless acceleration, is it possible to introduce another rhythm, in which we can engage in a collective contemplation of what has become of us, and what we are becoming as we rush headlong into the tumult?</div>
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As ever, we stand here, fighting alongside our neighbors, ardently looking for friends.</div>
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Hand-written statements by protesters, weathered after an afternoon of heavy rain. Photo by WWS from Tak Cheong Lane Collective.</div>
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In reflecting on the problems concealed by the apparent unanimity of the “Hong Kong people,” we might start by asking who that framework suggests that this city is for, who comprises this imaginary subject. We have seen Nepalese and Pakistani brothers and sisters on the streets, but they hesitate to make their presence known for fear of being accused of being thugs employed by the police. <a class="reversefootnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fnref:1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↩</a></div>
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“The places of institutional power exert a magnetic attraction on revolutionaries. But when the insurgents manage to penetrate parliaments, presidential palaces, and other headquarters of institutions, as in Ukraine, in Libya or in Wisconsin, it’s only to discover empty places, that is, empty of power, and furnished without any taste. It’s not to prevent the “people” from “taking power” that they are so fiercely kept from invading such places, but to prevent them from realizing that power no longer resides in the institutions. There are only deserted temples there, decommissioned fortresses, nothing but stage sets—real traps for revolutionaries.” –The Invisible Committee, <em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-invisible-committe-to-our-friends" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">To Our Friends</a></em> <a class="reversefootnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fnref:2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↩</a></div>
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Incidentally, that attempt was a good deal more spontaneous and successful. The police had hardly imagined that crowds of people who had sat peacefully with their heads in their hands feeling helpless while the developments were authorized would suddenly start attempting to rush the council doors by force, breaking some of the windows. <a class="reversefootnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fnref:3" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↩</a></div>
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On the night of June 11, young customers in a McDonald’s in Admiralty were all searched and had their identity cards recorded. On June 12, a video went viral showing a young man transporting a box of bottled water to protesters who were being brutalized by a squad of policemen with batons. <a class="reversefootnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fnref:4" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↩</a></div>
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To give two rather different examples, this includes the populist, xenophobic, and vehemently anti-Communist Apple Daily, and the “Hong Kong Free Press,” an independent English online rag of the “angry liberal” stripe run by expatriates that has an affinity for young localist/nativist leaders. <a class="reversefootnote" href="https://anarchistnews.org/content/hong-kong-anarchists-resistance-extradition-bill#fnref:5" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #f4473a; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">↩</a></div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-7478845128941892712019-06-08T04:26:00.000-07:002019-06-08T04:26:18.447-07:00Destroy Amazon: Update on the Tech Dystopia - It's Going Down<h4 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 29px; margin: 24px 0px 14px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">Source - </span><a href="https://itsgoingdown.org/destroy-amazon-update-on-the-tech-dystopia/" style="background-color: transparent;">Destroy Amazon: Update on the Tech Dystopia - It's Going Down</a> 7.6.2019</h4>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWI2xOcFmOy9gM7S7VXFJPNONNUn9TdO3THxvT2NyxTIzpOH3gfRc9Tg3J_jiKTijrklXewbU8vrwDtwhKISUOXj5iYp7vFzCmCRMov5r-NBSv5or49volsYQMa52PfxN2AGUzyXcn9Tk/s1600/1a111112111-1-1068x801.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="801" data-original-width="1068" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWI2xOcFmOy9gM7S7VXFJPNONNUn9TdO3THxvT2NyxTIzpOH3gfRc9Tg3J_jiKTijrklXewbU8vrwDtwhKISUOXj5iYp7vFzCmCRMov5r-NBSv5or49volsYQMa52PfxN2AGUzyXcn9Tk/s320/1a111112111-1-1068x801.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">Seattle anarchist paper <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Transmetropolitian Review </em>looks at continued acts of defiance and resistance to Amazon.</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Who would wish to reappropriate nuclear power plants, Amazon’s warehouses, the expressways, ad agencies, high-speed trains…auditing firms, nanotechnologies, supermarkets and their poisonous merchandise? Who imagines a people’s takeover of industrial farming operations where a single man plows 400 hectares of eroded ground at the wheel of his megatractor piloted via satellite? No one with any sense.</em></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">-The Invisible Committee, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Now, </em>2017</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: white;">Setting The Stage</span></span></span></h2>
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Since we last wrote about Amazon, the situation has grown much worse. Just over a year ago, we released our eighth IRL issue, subtitled <a href="https://itsgoingdown.org/the-transmetropolitan-review-8/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Amazon Issue</em>.</a> It was our most popular print issue and we could barely keep up with the demand at our usual distro-points (cafes, bars, corners-stores, etc.), a reminder that physical newspapers could still have an impact, even in tech-saturated Seattle. The issue was released just before the 2018 May Day march and accompanied several <a href="https://pugetsoundanarchists.org/more-mayday-2018-hype-posters/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">other initiatives</a> aimed at making Amazon the focus of popular anger.</div>
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On the day of the demonstration, all of the left seemed united against the corporation and its demented overlord Jeff Bezos, with even the mega-unions taking a stand (albeit a limited one). Of all the actions taken against Amazon on May 1<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">st</span>, 2018, it was a lone woman from Tacoma who brought us the most joy. Dressed all in black, her face covered in a mask, and with no one to help her, this woman ran up to Jeff Bezos’ little balls (the Amazon Spheres) and <a href="https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/crime/woman-who-hurled-rock-at-amazon-spheres-on-may-day-released-from-custody/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">smashed out one of its over-priced panes of glass</a>, ultimately leading to her arrest. Once this action hit the media, even the corrupt and boot-licking Stranger newspaper called on the state governor to pardon her, a first for this pro-capitalist publication. Never in our wildest dreams did we imagine <a href="https://archive.org/details/thestranger_27_20/page/n5" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">The Stranger supporting an anarchist</a>, which just goes to show how widely this popular anger at Amazon had spread across Seattle.</div>
<figure class="wp-block-image" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-1271 aligncenter" data-attachment-id="1271" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="bezos-balls" data-large-file="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg?w=530" data-medium-file="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg?w=297" data-orig-file="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg" data-orig-size="530,535" data-permalink="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.wordpress.com/bezos-balls/" sizes="(max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px" src="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg?w=1000" srcset="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg 530w, https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg?w=150 150w, https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/bezos-balls.jpg?w=297 297w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: table; height: auto; margin: 6px auto 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; width: auto;" /></figure><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;">
<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Smashing the Bezos Balls</em></div>
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Between 2017 and 2018, we decided to focus all of our efforts against Amazon after bald-headed Bezos announced his Hunger Games-style contest where different North American cities would grovel for the chance to host his Amazon HQ2. Having experienced first-hand what HQ1 did to Seattle (<a href="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.wordpress.com/2018/02/26/a-warning-letter-from-seattle-stop-amazon-hq2/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">detailed in a previous article</a>), we were more than fired-up to ruin the man-child’s happy-fun-time. While this might seem like an easy task in mid-2019, it certainly wasn’t. Thanks to Donald Trump, our efforts in 2017 were met with both liberal hostility and leftist ambivalence. With the president constantly attacking Amazon and Bezos in his tweets, our efforts were seen as either Republican Party agent-provocateur-ism or proof we were secret Russian agents. Given that Bezos owned <a href="https://www.npr.org/2016/06/13/481923166/donald-trump-bans-washington-post-from-campaign-events?t=1559840640633" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">The Washington Post</a>, one of the most <a href="http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/03/trump-obsessed-with-amazon-wants-to-crush-washington-post.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">outspoken anti-Trump media outlets</a>, we were clearly out to undermine the liberal “<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/07/amazon-donald-trump-america-jeff-bezos" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">resistance</a>” by attacking the Amazon CEO. Given that Trump was in an <a href="https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/2156274/so-cia-and-fbi-are-good-guys-because-you-hate-trump" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">all-out feud with the CIA</a>, a long-time friend and ally of Amazon, we were obviously working with the president by critiquing Amazon and the CIA. If you think this sounds stupid, you’re definitely using your brain.</div>
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Despite this absurd level of resistance to our efforts, the tide began to turn during the spring of 2018. As the grovelling competition for HQ2 became more obviously pathetic, <a href="https://itsgoingdown.org/people-hate-amazon-so-much-theyre-setting-their-treasure-trucks-on-fire/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">rebels in different cities</a> began to catch on to the smell of bullshit. The first city outside of Seattle to initiate hostilities was Atlanta, and within a few months their efforts had garnered <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OLY8Oz1Hp4" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">news-headlines</a>, <a href="http://www.maskmagazine.com/the-confusion-issue/struggle/the-fight-against-amazon-hq2" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">generalized disquiet</a>, and <a href="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.files.wordpress.com/2019/06/atlantaamazon.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">channeled popular discontent</a> against the Amazon leviathan. By then, <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/07/amazon-workers-europe-strike-prime-day-180717145119633.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">major strike-wave</a>s had hit Amazon fulfillment centers in Europe, reminding us all that direct resistance was possible at the companies main logistic choke-points, its most vulnerable locations. There were a few instances of <a href="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.wordpress.com/2018/04/26/demo-outside-amazon-managers-luxury-apartment/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">direct action</a> and <a href="https://thetransmetropolitanreview.wordpress.com/2018/03/18/disrupt-the-gig-economy-demo-at-amazon-flex/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">agitation</a> around Seattle-area fulfillment centers, along with a few fruitless efforts toward infiltrating these places of work, but they largely went nowhere.</div>
<figure class="wp-block-image" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%;"><img alt="" class="aligncenter" src="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/s--ez02ewbj--/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/xrvbywtuslogu92e4nun.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: table; height: auto; margin: 6px auto 0px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; width: auto;" /></figure><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 26px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: center;">
<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Amazon protest, Spain, March 2018</em></div>
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Outside of the mega-unions, there are few groups capable or willing to organize the Amazon fulfillment centers, a seemingly daunting task. While certain workers in <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/amazon-labor-protests-minnesota-nyc/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Minnesota</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2018/12/12/18137604/amazon-workers-new-york-unionize" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">New York</a> have recently met with some success, there simply isn’t enough time to form militant worker’s organizations inside the fulfillment centers before they’re completely automated. At best, the IWW might create a few anti-capitalist locals strong enough to disrupt the shipping network, while the mega-unions might still be capable of raising wages for the last humans still employed in these warehouses. Regardless, the proverbial clock is now ticking upwards to midnight, and the future we’ve all dreaded is swiftly approaching. But we’ll get to that later, after the headlines.</div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Against the possibility of communism, against any possibility of happiness, there stands a hydra with two heads. On the public stage each one of them makes a show of being the sworn enemy of the other. On one side, there is the program for the fascistic restoration of unity, and on the other, there is the global power of the merchants of infrastructure—Google as much as Vinci, Amazon as much as Veolia. Those who believe that it’s one or the other </em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">will have them both</em></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">. Because the great builders of infrastructure have the means for which the fascists only have the folkloric discourse.</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">-The Invisible Committee, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Now</em>, 2017</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; color: white;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Opening The Curtain</span></span></h2>
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After the May Day 2018 demonstrations had come and gone over the streets of Seattle, it was clear that Amazon was now seen as a public-enemy far outside anarchist circles. Anger against the HQ2 was rising from city to city, along with dozens of voices critiquing Amazon’s ruthless practices. In this moment, the leftists politicians of the Seattle City Council made their final stand against Lord Bezos and his greedy minions. Summoning every ounce of their spines, these elected officials passed a head-tax on the major corporations in the city, including Amazon, a law that would have generated revenue to build affordable housing for low-income and homeless residents. For a brief moment, it seemed like electoral-democracy had pulled a coup on us anarchists, proving that voting still mattered in the corrupt United States and affirming that leftists politicians could restrain the scrupulous tech-companies. <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/06/how-amazon-helped-kill-a-seattle-tax-on-business/562736/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Their hopes were quickly dashed</a>.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Trade-unionists defending Amazon construction, Seattle, 2018</em></div>
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All it took to cancel this tax was Amazon <a href="https://www.capitolhillseattle.com/2018/05/threat-of-amazon-construction-halt-throws-proposed-seattle-business-tax-for-a-loop/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">pausing construction</a> on one of its HQ1 skyscrapers, a move that threw the conservative trade-unions into a frenzy. In an ill-fated photo-op, the socialist City Council-woman and her party held a protest rally outside the glass Bezos Balls, only to be met by a counter-rally of hard-hat wearing construction workers. <a href="https://www.geekwire.com/2018/seattle-socialists-construction-workers-clash-amazon-hq-tax-big-business/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">This spectacle of socialists vs. workers</a> was enough to explode the heavy contradictions in the air, dooming the taxation effort. Soon enough, the leftists in City Council withdrew from the battlefield, canceled the head-tax, and hung their heads in defeat. While some of the more pathetic Seattle liberals droned on about “damaging the anti-Trump resistance,” it became clear to many naive leftists that democracy didn’t stand a chance against Amazon. Although this hyper-local episode might not have registered amid the national static, its implications were <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/lessons-death-seattles-amazon-tax/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">felt deeply</a> within the Democratic Party establishment.</div>
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In November 2018, the long awaited results of the HQ2 contest were announced. Members of our editorial collective had privately predicted that Amazon would build its new facility near the CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia, a logical move related solely to infrastructure. <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2016/01/amazon-web-services-data-center/423147/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">As one intrepid journalist from The Atlantic exposed</a>, Amazon had already built a handful of anonymous data centers near spook-central, a site positioned in between where some of <a href="https://www.submarinecablemap.com/#/landing-point/virginia-beach-va-united-states" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">the main trans-Atlantic fiber-optic cables make landfall</a>, allowing the CIA (and other agencies) to took scoop up massive amounts of internet traffic. By most accounts, Amazon Web Services account for at least <a href="http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/03/when-amazon-web-services-goes-down-so-does-a-lot-of-the-web.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">1/3 of all internet traffic in the US</a>, while more recent estimates put this number closer to ½, if not higher.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Amazon data center near CIA HQ</em></div>
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Similarly, the location of HQ1 in Seattle was not chosen at random, it was selected for its proximity to a main fiber-optic node located below the twin-cylinders of the <a href="https://www.westinbldg.com/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Westin Hotel</a>, just a few blocks from HQ1. Long famous for gracing the cover of a Modest Mouse <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lonesome_Crowded_West" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">album</a>, this hotel hosts one of the most important nodes of the internet and has long been a public secret across Seattle. According to a <a href="https://wikileaks.org/amazon-atlas/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">handy Wikileaks map</a>of Amazon facilities posted in 2018, a portion of this node belongs to the company <a href="https://wikileaks.org/amazon-atlas/map/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">under the name SEA4</a>. Given all of this information, it was no surprise that <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/5/18252093/amazons-hq2-deal-arlington-county-living-wage-affordable-housing" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Arlington, Virginia was chosen</a> as the site of HQ2.</div>
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What did surprise us was Amazon announcing there were two lucky winners of the HQ2 contest. Not only would Arlington be graced with an economic atom-bomb, but Queens, New York would also be subjected to Amazon’s merciless gentrification and displacement. While cities like Atlanta breathed a sigh of relief, Queens braced itself for the impending invasion, although it didn’t throw in the towel and admit instant defeat (like Seattle). For the next months, <a href="https://www.facebook.com/events/woodbine/queens-against-amazon-assembly/1921661454583033/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">radicals of various stripes</a> began a campaign to block the HQ2 in Queens and prevent their community from being destroyed, an effort which made headlines across the US and inspired everyone who’d seen their own cities destroyed by the tech-leviathans. In the midst of these efforts, a scandal suddenly rocked Amazon and catapulted its deranged sultan into the media spotlight: Jeff Bezos had been <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/02/business/jeff-bezos-lauren-sanchez-amazon-hollywood.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">cheating on his wife</a>, Mackenzie Bezos.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Protest against Amazon HQ2, NY, 2019</em></div>
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While it might seem inconsequential, this affair had major implications. Firstly, it signaled that Jeff Bezos would soon lose the dubious distinction of being the richest man on Earth, given that Washington State divorce laws entitled his wife to half their fortune (<a href="http://fortune.com/2019/04/04/mackenzie-bezos-richest-woman-divorce/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">making her the fourth richest woman on Earth</a>). Secondly, Mackenzie Bezos had famously defended her husband when the book-length hit-piece <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">T<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/29/books/the-everything-store-jeff-bezos-and-the-age-of-amazon.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">he Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon</a> </em>was published in 2013, an expose that unveiled the disgusting history of Jeff Bezos and Amazon. His loyal wife gave the book <a href="https://www.amazon.com/review/R2I0T26SV0ELPP?tag=skim1x144819-20" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">a one-star review on Amazon</a> and claimed her husband was a good man in the review, an assertion she possibly came to regret. In January 2019, it was revealed that Jeff Bezos had been having <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/2/15/18223914/jeff-bezos-lauren-sanchez-nude-pictures-leaker" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">an affair with Lauren Sanchez</a>, a television host for the Fox network. Shortly before this revelation became public, Jeff and Mackenzie Bezos <a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2019/1/10/18176048/jeff-bezos-ami-extortion-medium-photos-divorce" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">announced their divorce</a> in a joint statement, hoping the scandalous affair wouldn’t reach the media, although the National Enquirer had different ideas.</div>
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This media-organ owned by a long-time <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/feb/09/jeff-bezos-trump-national-enquirer-amazon-david-pecker" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">friend of Donald Trump</a> quickly published details of the affair, along with creepy texts from Lord Bezos where he referred to Lauren Sanchez as “<a href="https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/jeff-bezos-alive-girl-text" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">alive girl</a>.” In addition to leaking lurid selfies and partial dick-pics sent from the idiot man-child, the National Enquirer made Jeff Bezos the laughing-stock of the media and set off a political battle which included <a href="https://www.marketwatch.com/story/investigators-for-jeff-bezos-conclude-mistress-brother-leaked-private-texts-to-enquirer-2019-02-11" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">private detectives</a>, <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/jeff-bezos-national-enquirer-sexual-photos-texts-michael-sanchez-lauren-amazon-washington-post-a8779051.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Donald Trump</a>, the <a href="https://youtu.be/6kkeHYeVe40" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Washington Post</a>, and the <a href="http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/01/trumps-national-enquirer-allies-go-after-nemesis-jeff-bezos.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Democratic Party</a>. The liberal anti-Trump “resistance” tried to make Jeff Bezos into a <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/feb/07/jeff-bezos-national-enquirer-blackmail-claims-trump" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">victim of pro-Trump forces</a>, an effort which was mildly successful, given the majority of the media coverage. Despite trying to pass himself off as the victim of right-wing blackmailing and extortion, King Bezos was still forced to read the writing on the wall and <a href="https://www.inc.com/minda-zetlin/jeff-bezos-lauren-sanchez-cancels-20-million-super-bowl-ad-blue-origin-tweets-texts-divorce.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">realize he was widely hated</a>, along with his beloved Amazon.</div>
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While screen-shots of his imbecilic sexts were still circulating the internet, Amazon announced it was <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/feb/16/amazon-new-york-long-island-city-activists" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">pulling out of the HQ2 deal in Queens</a>. On February 14, 2018, the company stated on its blog that “a number of state and local politicians have made it clear that they oppose our presence and will not work with us to build the type of relationships that are required to go forward with the project.” Although the long and patient work required to scuttle this deal came from community organizations and radical groups, it was easier for Amazon to blame the politicians, thereby catapulting them to fame. Most notable among them was Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC), a Democratic Socialist and senator for the Democratic Party. As the organizers of the anti-Amazon campaign celebrated their victory, AOC was made into a spectacular villain or hero, depending on who you asked. In either case, responsibility for scuttling the deal was <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2019-03-05/ocasio-cortez-not-ruling-out-amazon-coming-back-to-ny-aide-says-video" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">placed on her shoulders</a>, not the people who made it happen.</div>
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<img alt="" class="size-big aligncenter" height="357" src="https://mk0capitalhill04gikj.kinstacdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/billboard.jpeg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 6px auto 21px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; width: auto;" width="536" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />For us editors, the victory in Queens was inspiring and joyful, especially after what we witnessed in Seattle. It was certainly gratifying to see the <a href="https://nypost.com/2019/02/17/de-blasio-says-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-didnt-understand-amazon-deal/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Democratic Party mayor</a> of NYC and the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/22/nyregion/amazon-cuomo-gianaris.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Democratic Party governor</a> of New York squirm like maggots when the deal fell through, but our joy was cut short when AOC willfully <a href="https://twitter.com/aoc/status/1098000445912559619?lang=en" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">basked in the spotlight</a>, thereby bolstering her electoral ideology and recuperating an autonomous anti-Amazon initiative that had taken almost two years to build. Ever since she famously championed her <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/wjvpz9/aoc-might-be-a-great-bartender-but-her-views-on-spritzes-are-troubling" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">time as a bar-tender</a>, it was clear that AOC existed solely to salvage the conception of fair-capitalism and instill her fellow millenials with the delusional hope that, if they only worked hard enough bar-tending, they could not only become a senator and “change the system,” they might even become an astronaut. In this regard, she represents the last chance for a dying Democratic Party establishment to reinvigorate capitalism and make it more youthful, hip, and able to tweet like a pro. Just because our opponents in the right-wing of capitalism despise someone like AOC, it doesn’t mean we should all support AOC and her left-wing of capitalism, especially when both sides want her to be the focus of everyone’s attention. Now that we’ve become sufficiently distracted from the issue at hand, it’s time to move on to the most disturbing part of this article.</div>
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<span style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; color: white;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Taking The Stage</span></span></h2>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">From the extreme left to the extreme right, there’s no lack of bullshitters who endlessly promise us “a return to full employment”…It’s now necessary to be able to monitor en masse all our activities, all our communications, all our gestures, to place cameras and sensors everywhere, because </em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">wage-earning discipline no longer suffices for controlling the population. </span></em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">It’s only to a population totally under control that one can dream of offering a universal basic income.</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">-The Invisible Committee, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Now</em>, 2017</span></div>
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While the residents of Queens were able to stop the Amazon invasion, their peers in Arlington weren’t so lucky. Queens has long been a rebellious place and NYC still hosts thousands of radicals, as it has for over a century, making this region more resistant to blatant colonization. This wasn’t the case for Arlington, Virginia, a city that had the unfortunate reputation of hosting the Pentagon, which isn’t exactly a bastion of resistance. <a href="https://ru.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUKKCN1QX08V" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">A coalition of local radicals</a> organized to oppose this deal, but <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-headquarters-vote/amazons-second-headquarters-clears-blocks-in-virginia-funding-vote-idUSKCN1QX0RG" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">their efforts hardly stood a chance</a> in this highly militarized hell-scape. Since the HQ2 deal was announced, housing costs in Arlington have risen close to 20%, while home vacancies dropped by nearly 50%, <a href="https://www.geekwire.com/2019/amazons-hq2-way-housing-boom-begins-northern-virginia-echoing-seattle/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">fulfilling all the predictions</a> made by critics of HQ2. With the deal finalized, Amazon will soon move into a new luxury micro-city called <a href="https://nationallanding.com/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">National Landing</a>, positioned just south of the Pentagon and across the river from Washington DC. Conveniently for Jeff Bezos, his new HQ is close to the Washington Post and within driving distance of <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-washington-dc-mansion-floor-plans-after-renovation-2018-5?r=US&IR=T" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">his new DC home</a>. From here, he can more easily masturbate to screenshots of <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jun/17/donald-trump-jeff-bezos-amazon-washington-post-power-money" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Donald Trump’s tweets</a> and stare longingly at the White House.</div>
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With the bald-headed scumbag now dreaming of becoming the president, his dick-pics still floating across the web, and his former wife having left him to his misery, Jeff Bezos has now gone into full-psychotic-overdrive. His first move after this series of disasters was to attend his very own <a href="https://www.geekwire.com/2019/jeff-bezos-mars-amazon/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">MARS Conference</a> in March 2019, a symposium dedicated to <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">M</span>achine Learning, <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">A</span>utomation, <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">R</span>obotics, and <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">S</span>pace. At this annual invite-only event, Jeff Bezos flew around in an octo-copter, played beer-pong with a robot, giggled at crop-pollinating drones, salivated to Lockheed Martin space-engines, and gazed in wonder at all the luxury gizmos he can afford to buy.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bezos giggling at drone, MARS Conference, 2019</em></div>
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This MARS Conference has been held since 2016, and at each opening Jeff Bezos has done something cringe-worthy: in 2017, he piloted a massive robot and flexed it arms, while in 2018 he went on a stroll with a war-dog from Boston Dynamics. He was a bit more restrained in 2019, most likely from all the media attention, although this years attendees included Mark Hamill, famous for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars films. He wouldn’t be the last Hollywood celebrity to suck up to Bezos in the coming months.</div>
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At this MARS conference, off-world-colonization was a major topic of discussion, given its little Jeff’s main obsession. His space company, <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/28/17295756/blue-origin-new-shepherd-jeff-bezos-eighth-launch-livestream" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Blue Origin</a>, has successfully launched eleven of its reusable New Shepard rockets, paving the way for its first human crews. Over the years, Bezos has pumped billions of dollars into this space-colonization effort while ruthlessly exploiting his workers down here on Earth. As he makes plans to <a href="https://www.wired.co.uk/article/spacex-blue-origin-space-tourism" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">charge millionaires $300,000</a> for a few minutes in his spacecraft, his warehouse workers can barely afford to pay their rent. If you think this sounds horrible, keep reading.</div>
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Faced with mounting pressure from all sides, Bezos reluctantly agreed to pay his US fulfillment center workers <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/02/amazon-raises-minimum-wage-to-15-for-all-us-employees.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">$15 an hour</a> in October 2018, although this seemed to piss off the tyrannical sociopath. Over the next months, he secretly accelerated his plans to fully automate the Amazon fulfillment centers by bringing more robots into the facilities. In a despicable yet typical move, Bezos instructed his underling to contact the media on April 30<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span>, 2019 and announce that fully robotisized fulfillment centers <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-warehouse/amazon-dismisses-idea-automation-will-eliminate-all-its-warehouse-jobs-soon-idUSKCN1S74B9" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">were a decade away</a>.</div>
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Able to breath easy knowing the public was placated, Jeff Bezos then went on to attend his very own <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/3k3kwb/jeff-bezos-is-a-post-earth-capitalist" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">invite-only event</a> in Washington DC on May 9<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span>, 2019, where he unveiled Blue Origin’s first lunar lander, signaling his intentions to use the moon as a stepping stone to colonize outer-space. As he described his colonial vision, Bezos said “you’re going to have whole industries. There are going to be thousands of future companies doing this work. A whole system of entrepreneurial activity, unleashed. Creative people coming up with new ideas about how to use space. Earth ends up zoned residential and light industry. It’ll be a beautiful place to live, it’ll be a beautiful place to visit, it’ll be a beautiful place to go to college, and do some light industry.” While admitting that the limitless growth and toxic pollution of capitalism are incompatible with a healthy planet, Bezos concluded that humans simply needed to extend that same limitless growth into space. As he asked the audience, “do we want stasis and rationing or do we want dynamism and growth? This is an easy choice. We know what we want.” While we obviously find this logic sickening, we clearly weren’t alone.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Mock-up of Amazon space-station, Blue Origin, 2019</em></div>
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Shortly after this disgusting conference in Washington DC, two anonymous Amazon corporate employees contacted Reuters and <a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-automation-exclusive/exclusive-amazon-rolls-out-machines-that-pack-orders-and-replace-jobs-idUKKCN1SJ0X1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">revealed Amazon’s secret plans</a> to robotisize its fulfillment centers. According to these anonymous sources, Amazon has been installing boxing-machines that package commodities five time faster than a human. While the initial job losses in the US would be less than 2,000, the sources claimed that Amazon plans to vastly increase the number of robots. It’s unclear why these corporate employees leaked this information, but the announcement came less than two weeks after Amazon claimed full-automation was at least a decade away. In a panic, Amazon <a href="https://techcrunch.com/2019/05/13/amazon-offers-employees-10k-and-3-months-pay-to-start-their-own-delivery-businesses/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">made a promise that same day</a> to give $10,000 dollars to any of its warehouse employees who wanted to quit, but only if they pledged to start their own delivery company. With the leaked information now revealing that thousands would soon lose their jobs, Amazon had no choice but <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/amazon-delivery-paying-employees-to-quit/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">to dangle the promise of another job</a>, this time delivering Amazon packages rather than sorting and boxing them. Instead of depending on the US Postal Service, UPS, or FedEX, the company now wants thousands of small contractors to hustle back and forth from the Amazon fulfillment centers.</div>
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As was stated in one of <a href="https://itsgoingdown.org/war-on-amazon-workers-respond-as-online-giant-expands/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">our previous critiques of Amazon</a>, efforts to unionize these fulfillment centers are most likely doomed. By the time any organization forms a substantial block among the workforce, these facilities will no longer require humans. Unions in Europe have made the most advances in this regard and have staged <a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-germany/amazon-workers-strike-at-four-german-warehouses-idUKKCN1RR13D" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">numerous work-stoppages</a>, although they’ve still been unable to achieve even moderate gains for their members. This leaves the delivery drivers as the final human workforce capable of sabotaging Amazon’s fulfillment network, but only if they’re organized under an anarchist union with the objective of destroying the company, not merely subsisting off its wages.</div>
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We don’t want to discount this possibility, but we also don’t want to impart any false hope. It would take a concerted effort to create an anarcho-communist union big enough to destroy Amazon and require months if not years to build the necessary membership. Amazon is a techno-fascist entity that needs to be taken down immediately, just as its overlord is a demented capitalist psycho-path who needs to be stopped, and its highly likely that unionism is not the way to accomplish these objectives. Amazon poses an existential threat to all free people on the Earth and plans to extend its ruler’s vision into space. To stop these techno-fascist schemes before they come to fruition, we need to act directly. Thanks to Amazon’s relentless expansion, its facilities are now everywhere, and as some anarchists stated decades ago, the secret is to really begin.</div>
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<span style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; color: white;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;">Burning The Stage</span></span></h2>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The revolutionary gesture no longer consists in a simple violent appropriation of this world; it divides into two. On the one hand, there are worlds to be made, forms of life made to grow apart from what reigns, including by salvaging what can be salvaged from the present state of things, and on the other, there is the imperative to attack, to simply destroy the world of capital.</em></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black;">-The Invisible Committee, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Now</em>, 2017</span></div>
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Without going into too much detail, we can confidently state that robotisization will create a level of unemployment unseen since the planetary recession of the 1920s-30s, only much bigger. We don’t know exactly what it will look like, but everyone seems to agree its effects will be massive and profound. Amazon is one of the main promoters of this shift, and its market dominance is now being challenged by governments in Europe and the US. While the European Council President Donald Tusk recently called Amazon and the tech giants “<a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-poland-tusk-tech/eus-tusk-warns-of-risks-in-rise-of-u-s-tech-giants-idUKKCN1S91AO" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">an uncontrolled, spontaneous empire</a>,” his counterparts in the US are now moving to use an anti-trust investigation to <a href="https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2019/05/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-injects-energy-into-elizabeth-warrens-plan-to-break-up-big-tech/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">break up the tech-giants</a>before popular anger grows to vast for them to control. Incidentally, the last time the US federal government broke apart big corporations was when the international anarchist movement was at its greatest strength.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Alexander Berkman speaking against Rockefeller, NYC, 1914</em></div>
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When the US <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Oil_Co._of_New_Jersey_v._United_States" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">split apart Standard Oil in 1911</a>, it was proceeded by an anti-trust investigation between 1904 and 1906, followed by a five year lawsuit. Popular anger against Standard Oil was at its peak, just as its CEO, JD Rockefeller, was <a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/more-powerful-than-dynamite-review_b_1532611?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJ90GcdRttNZJbkI20tK3TkU0_fjHtZqXFSv9-E1I6D46V2sm_IqVkQS_lsjVg46JqAdeBCL9qWWsAnnZhUsJECzjEegMAY6bqxQHYpMJV--IB3uN39ALQhF_EluyIKYXRfuXPDIUVm6oCxTp_jZ_q7B2-RCTD98WJLmCqWjxY_m" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">widely despised</a> across the US. This robber baron was forced to live in a gated compound, traveled only under heavy guard, and even his own family members <a href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/16121.Titan" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">began to kill themselves from the stress</a>. Among the people leading the charge against the Rockefeller empire were the anarchists, a fact which spurred the federal government to intervene. If a similar anti-trust probe leads to a lawsuit against Amazon, it should be taken as a sign that we’ve entered another moment of strength. States only intervene in their free-market when its capitalists begin to destabilize the entire system through their recklessness. Rather than let a popular revolt grow beyond their control, the state will always usurp the rebels by claiming to be sole arbiter of justice. In the case of Standard Oil, all that happened in 1911 was that the company was broken into smaller pieces, most notably Chevron and Exxon. Petroleum didn’t stop belching from exhaust pipes, oil wells were still sunk across the land, and JD Rockefeller felt no hesitation in allowing the killing of his workers in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludlow_Massacre" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">Ludlow Massacre of 1914</a>. All the anti-trust lawsuit against Standard Oil accomplished was convincing the population that Rockefeller had been punished enough and helped diffuse popular anger. It did nothing to stop the expansion of Rockefeller’s empire, as should be evident from our pollution filled world today. We should expect nothing less from an anti-trust lawsuit against Amazon.</div>
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Despite all the popular anger and state pressure, Jeff Bezos doesn’t seem too worried. He just held another conference for himself at the Aria casino in Las Vegas called <a href="https://venturebeat.com/2019/06/05/amazons-remars-opening-keynote-featured-autonomous-acrobats-and-robert-downey-jr/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">re:MARS</a> and was able to show off <a href="https://www.geekwire.com/2019/amazon-ceo-jeff-bezos-gets-laugh-round-robotic-arm-remars-fest/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">the latest advances in robotic technology</a>. An assortment of techno-fascists gathered to hear a variety of speakers, including Robert Downey Jr., star of the hit movie-series <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Iron Man</em>. After playing a tech-obsessed CEO for Hollywood, this brain-damaged actor <a href="https://www.geekwire.com/2019/amazons-remars-festival-iron-man-actor-robert-downey-jr-unveils-campaign-clean-planet/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">now claims</a> he will start a company that will use robots to heal the damaged environment. As he told the star-struck audience, “between robotics and nanotechnology, we could probably clean up the planet significantly, if not entirely, within a decade.” At the time of this writing, Jeff Bezos is about to give a major speech to the attendees at re:MARS, but <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/6/18655562/jeff-bezos-protestor-chicken-farm-re-mars-conference" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">we won’t wait</a> for this arch-swine to deliver more repulsive remarks. Now it’s time for resistance.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Bezos being rushed by animal rights protestor at MARS, June 6, 2019</em></div>
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Surprisingly or not, the most recent and effective actions against Amazon have emerged outside the US during the Gilets Jaunes (Yellow Vest) movement in France. Since the massive revolt kicked off in November 2018, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/apr/07/how-the-french-rose-up-against-a-huge-amazon-logistics-centre" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">multiple Amazon fulfillment centers have been blockaded</a>by the yellow vest wearing rebels, with some warehouse workers even being <a href="https://www.connexionfrance.com/French-news/Amazon-sacks-staff-for-supporting-gilets-jaunes" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">fired for supporting the movement</a>. Although some of these blockaders are part of the CGT trade-union, most of them are simply members of a diverse and widespread movement aimed against neo-liberal capitalism, the economic system which lets Amazon exploit workers across the globe. <a href="https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/2019/02/05/ces-gilets-jaunes-appellent-au-boycott-damazon-apres-plusieurs-licenciements_a_23661858/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">These blockades</a> of Amazon facilities often take the company by surprise and happen mostly at night or early in the morning, with <a href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/isere-des-gilets-jaunes-devant-un-entrepot-travaillant-pour-amazon-20190530" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">the most recent having occurred on May 30, 2019</a>. There are twenty Amazon facilities in France with more than 7,000 employees, making it a much smaller workforce than the US. In other words, it’s much easier to paralyze, disrupt, or destroy. Since the movement began, the construction of <a href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/a-lyon-l-implantation-d-une-plateforme-logistique-geante-seme-le-doute-20190508" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">a fulfillment center near Lyon</a> has been stalled, while another <a href="http://www.rfi.fr/france/20181223-france-amazon-notre-dame-landes-grandchamps-fontaines" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">near the ZAD of Notres-Dame-des-Landes</a> has also been put on hold. While the battle is not over, if construction of these facilities proceeds, it will certainly ignite a serious conflict.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Gilets Jaunes blockade of Amazon, Montélimar, France, 2018</em></div>
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After seven months of Gilets Jaunes blockades, Amazon became the most hated foreign company in France, with even the besieged government being forced to respond. While consistently blacking out the existence of the Gilets Jaunes movement, the French state made much fanfare about <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/dec/17/france-alone-new-tax-big-tech-companies-gafa" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">a plan to tax Amazon</a> and the other tech-giants. As was described above, this is simply a tactic to diffuse popular anger and prevent and all-out rebellion from destroying the company. Despite the <a href="https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252464387/Nordics-block-European-Commission-tech-tax-levy-to-protect-digital-investment" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">hesitation</a> of other EU states, France <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2019/03/06/france-hits-amazon-google-3pc-digital-tax-will-uk-next/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff4f4f; text-decoration-line: none;">has now implemented its GAFA tax</a>, forcing the tech giants to pay 3% (wow!) of what they make in the country. While this tax was passed in March 2019, it failed to stop popular anger against Amazon. Despite a government media-blackout being conducted against the Gilets Jaunes, the movement is still taking to the streets every Saturday, often with fiery results. It’s only a matter of time before we see an Amazon fulfillment center burning.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Gilets Jaunes blockade of Amazon, Bouc-Bel-Air, France, 2018</em></div>
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While we wish there was more resistance to Amazon in the US, we’re confident the rebellion will soon enter its second phase. The victory in Queens was the first time anyone was able to stop Amazon in its tracks, and the lessons learned along the way are still being digested. We wish everyone good luck in their future efforts and hope we’ve highlighted just how dangerous Amazon is. As was stated above, the secret is to really begin.</div>
Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6109955609844588380.post-70370658664984956722019-05-11T13:35:00.000-07:002019-05-11T13:35:34.941-07:00CODE BLACK – INDONESIAN COMRADES IN NEED!<div style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Source - </span><a href="https://asranarshism.com/1398/02/21/code-black-indonesian-comrades-in-need/">CODE BLACK – INDONESIAN COMRADES IN NEED - عصرآنارشیسم</a> <span style="background-color: initial;">11.5.2019</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifLV1G1mfYv8Oql8lDkYL2uYdB52WjyxwCIxN-5U58eXpw-r5MwZF-ufD6d5Il1a-GNywCcUsY5BYIf_FZID0XVe8vzyLrgpCxeI3DvGYVLU6nb78X6nZ1QMnVOv7AME_mDHCTH_Pa55A/s1600/Indonesia-May-2019-682x1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="682" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifLV1G1mfYv8Oql8lDkYL2uYdB52WjyxwCIxN-5U58eXpw-r5MwZF-ufD6d5Il1a-GNywCcUsY5BYIf_FZID0XVe8vzyLrgpCxeI3DvGYVLU6nb78X6nZ1QMnVOv7AME_mDHCTH_Pa55A/s320/Indonesia-May-2019-682x1024.jpg" width="213" /></a></div>
<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">On Mayday police </span>attacked the a demonstration of some 1000 Anarchists in <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Bandung</span> with brutal severity on the pretence of stopping some spray painting. this demonstration involved children and families who were sent fleeing.The gathering broke into two sections who were then chased down, attacked, arrested <em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(some sixty people simply being bundled into black SUV’s by masked police)</em> and beaten. Shortly after without any judicial procedure many had their heads shaved, their faces covered in spray paint and some were forced to crawl along the street in their underwear. You can see footage of the demo before the attack of Anarchists singing <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://youtu.be/jpEcZksGbgQ" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">‘Buruh Tani’ (‘Farm Workers’)</a> </span>and <a href="https://youtu.be/FKMaOpUxZEg" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">after the police assault</a> to see how the cops change everything</div>
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In total some 619 were arrested and currently 3 comrades are still trapped in the hellish Indonesian prison system</div>
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Elsewhere in <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Jakarta</span>, Anarchists took on a police blockade to allow Trade Unions comrades to get to their rally point in a beautiful act of solidarity against the state, however the local Anarcho-Syndicalist union in Jakarta is being targetted by the police</div>
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In <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Malang,</span><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Makassar</span> and <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Surabaya</span> comrades have been beaten and kidnapped by the state with entire communities being terrorist by the bastards as they preform sweeps looking for Anarchists</div>
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The shaving of heads brings back vivid memories religious police units of the Aceh region – who have history of horrifically <a href="http://%20https//www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/01/29/indonesian-police-arrest-12-transgender-women-and-shave-their-heads-to-make-them-men/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">abusing transwomen</a> – attacking punk charity gigs in 2010/11 beating people up and taking them away for “re-educated” starting with… well as police chief inspector, Iskandar Hasan said <span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“First their hair will be cut. Then they will be tossed into a pool. That’ll teach them a lesson!”</span> … it’s seems shaving heads is a national past time for the pigs in Indonesia now</div>
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All of this has been building for decades with a vibrant culture of resistance. Please take the time to have a read of<a href="http://blackrosefed.org/indonesian-uber-drivers-fight-back-with-anarcho-syndicalism/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">this interview</a> Black Rose / Rosa Negra had with an Uber driver and member of <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pg/Persaudaraan-Pekerja-Anarko-Sindikalis-PPAS-1771095549830147/posts" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Persaudaraan Pekerja Anarko Sindikalis (PPAS)</a> last year which talks about how how Anarchist-Syndicalism has developed there and also <a href="https://libcom.org/library/anarchism-indonesia" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">this 2010 interview </a>with Indonesian Anarchist from the book “Von Jakarta bis Johannesburg – Anarchismus weltweit’ and finally <a href="https://libcom.org/library/short-essay-about-history-anarchism-indonesia" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">this essay</a> by Vadim Damier and Kirill Limanov which looks into the history of the struggle back to the two hundred years where anti-colonial forces alongside comrades in Europe and India which eventually lead to Anarchist cells forming in 1914/6 and with the ebb and flow of revolution pettering out only for the black flag to return alongside punk in the 90’s</div>
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<em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">” In the years 1993-1994, an Indonesian punk scene emerged. Gradually, part of it turned to anti-dictatorship and anti-fascist activity; they established links with social movements and with the labour movement. As the Indonesian activists themselves described, the anarchist movement arose around 1998</em></div>
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<figure class="wp-block-image" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/Bild-3-0-15874460-101-00-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" class="wp-image-24809" height="180" sizes="(max-width: 590px) 100vw, 590px" src="https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/Bild-3-0-15874460-101-00-1.jpg" srcset="https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/Bild-3-0-15874460-101-00-1.jpg 590w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/Bild-3-0-15874460-101-00-1-300x169.jpg 300w" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="320" /></a></figure><br />
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In more recently memory the Anarchist scene in Indonesia has suffered major hits. The Anarchist Black Cross Indonesia <em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(<a href="https://www.instagram.com/palang__hitam/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Palang Hitam</a>)</em> had to stop operating a couple of years back after a member pretty much stolen all the funds and donations from around the world and disappeared leaving a divided community spread across thirteen thousand islands. Disconnected from each other and from the international community Indonesian comrades have struggled on and built vibrate Anarchist movement diverse in nature and entirely composed of local autonomous groups and individuals. These are small communities both rural and urban that have been facing a massive crack down for years with the state actively monitoring organisers and disappearing people</div>
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<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">So right now… whats occouring</span></div>
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Around the world comrades are lighting the fires and sharing their solidarity, some folk are as I type en-route to Indonesia to provide support, develop links and report from the front line as they take action with local comrades. In the UK? Take action. Show solidarity<br />
<em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Whatever that means to you</em><br />
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You’ll find the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia at 30 Great Peter St, Westminster, London SW1P 2BU<br />
Their phone number is :- +44 20 7499 7661<br />
The Ambassador is called Rizal Sukm</div>
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In the words of local organisers <em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“</em><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Right now we would appreciate international solidarity in the form of actions and also financial support. We will make sure that the mistakes made by Indonesia ABC won’t be repeated. If people are able to provide financial assistance please send it to the paypal below. We will use it for legal fees and to help support our friends who are in hiding because they are being targeted by police.”</em></span><br />
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<a href="https://www.paypal.me/adnandi" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://www.paypal.me/adnandi</a></div>
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Read the call for solidarity here on Mpalothia.net<br />
<a href="https://mpalothia.net/indonesia-post-may-day-update-and-call-for-international-solidarity/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://mpalothia.net/indonesia-post-may-day-update-and-call-for-international-solidarity</a></div>
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We are children of workers or laborers who work in factories, offices, warehouses, workshops, restaurants and wherever our parents bow to the employer</div>
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We are school dropouts because we have to help our parents</div>
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We are children who exclude ourselves from school because we refuse to continue the modern wage slavery system</div>
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We are students who work part time, dividing our time between studying and work and are bullied on campus and in the workplace</div>
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We are a generation that is taught how to be slaves and to be turned into ready-made products for industry</div>
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We have to pay expensive tuition fees to be enslaved</div>
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We are prospective workers, replacing our parents who lost their dignity, who feel inferior due to being labeled stupid, working hard under the demands of production, long work hours, low wages and high risk work environments<br />
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We are the future. We have started a new page for a different era. An age without oppression and slavery</div>
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<span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We, are your children</span></div>
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<em style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">BEHIND THESE BLACK MASKS, ARE THE FACES OF YOUR CHILDREN </em></div>
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West Papuan Students in Yogakarta express solidarity</div>
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<figure class="wp-block-image" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-24811" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/D5rLNWcXkAEBR0c-1024x683-1024x683.jpg" srcset="https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/D5rLNWcXkAEBR0c-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/D5rLNWcXkAEBR0c-1024x683-300x200.jpg 300w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2019/05/D5rLNWcXkAEBR0c-1024x683-768x512.jpg 768w" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></figure><figure class="wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-organise-magazine" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="FyGvskqLwv" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; quotes: none; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="http://organisemagazine.org.uk/2019/05/07/code-black-indonesian-comrades-in-need/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CODE BLACK – INDONESIAN COMRADES IN NEED</a></blockquote>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">P.S:The possibility of joining new people and groups of anarchists will be permanent</span></div>
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The Union has many social media and other communication channels. You will find them at the bottom of this page</div>
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<figure class="wp-block-image" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n.jpg" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-21460" height="320" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-300x300.jpg" srcset="https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-300x300.jpg 300w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-150x150.jpg 150w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-768x768.jpg 768w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-144x144.jpg 144w, https://asranarshism.com/images/2018/06/35671597_1711665595554655_2180715639625220096_n-200x200.jpg 200w" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="320" /></a></figure><figure class="wp-block-image" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: tahoma; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></figure><br />
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<a href="https://www.instagram.com/asranarshism/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">۱- آدرس عصر آنارشیسم در اینستاگرام</a>https://instagram.com/asranarshism/</div>
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<a href="http://t.me/joinchat/AAAAADu8-_DSrM1ExJ0cUg" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">۲- آدرس عصر آنارشیسم در تلگرام</a></div>
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<a href="https://t.co/wCmyjLAP2k" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://telegram.me/asranarshism</a>—————————-</div>
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۳- عصر آنارشیسم در توئیتر<a href="https://twitter.com/asranarshism" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://twitter.com/asranarshism</a>———————————–۴ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/asranarshism/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">عصر آنارشیسم</a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/asranarshism" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://www.facebook.com/asranarshism</a>—————————————۵ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/iranblackbloc/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">بلوک سیاه ایران</a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/iranblackbloc" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://www.facebook.com/iranblackbloc</a></div>
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۶ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1-Anarchists-in-solidarity-with-the-Rojava-434646579975914/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آنارشیستهای همراه روژاوا و باکور</a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1-Anarchists-in-solidarity-with-the-Rojava-434646579975914/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Anarchists in solidaritywiththeRojava</a>https://www.facebook.com/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1-Anarchists-in-solidarity-with-the-Rojava-434646579975914</div>
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۷ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sedaye.bisedayan/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">دفاع از زندانیان و اعدامیان غیر سیاسی</a>https://www.facebook.com/sedaye.bisedayan</div>
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۸ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/irananarchistlabors/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">کارگران آنارشیست ایران</a>https://www.facebook.com/irananarchistlabors</div>
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۹- فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/anarchistlibraryfa/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">کتابخانه آنارشیستی</a>https://www.facebook.com/anarchistlibraryfa</div>
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۰ ۱– فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/anarchistinsupportbaluchistan/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آنارشیستهای همراه بلوچستان</a>https://www.facebook.com/anarchistinsupportbaluchistan</div>
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۱۱ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/anarchistartistss/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">هنرمندان آنارشیست</a>https://www.facebook.com/anarchistartistss</div>
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۱۲ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/anarchiststudents/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">دانشجویا ن آنارشیست</a>https://www.facebook.com/anarchiststudents</div>
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۱۳ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/shahre.shahin" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">شاهین شهر پلیتیک</a>https://www.facebook.com/shahre.shahin</div>
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۱۴ – فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ShahinShahrPolitik" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آنتی فاشیست</a>https://www.facebook.com/ShahinShahrPolitik</div>
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۱۵ – آدرس آنارشیستهای مریوان در کانال تلگرامhttps://t.me/anarchyinmarivan</div>
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۱۶-<a href="http://asranarshism.com/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%A7/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس تماس با ما</a><a href="http://asranarshism.com/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%A7/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">contact us</a></div>
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info@asranarshism.com</div>
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۱۷ – <a href="http://asranarshism.com/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">سایت عصر آنارشیسم</a><a href="http://asranarshism.com/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://asranarshism.com</a></div>
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۱۸ – آدرس کانال آنارشیستهای کردستان در تلگرام</div>
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بڵاوکردنەوەی بیرو هزری ئانارکیستی</div>
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<a href="https://t.me/kurdistananarshist" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://t.me/kurdistananarshist</a></div>
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۱۹- فیسبوک <a href="https://www.facebook.com/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF-%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87-%D9%87%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%88-%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7-505093803031731/?ref=page_internal" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">میتینگ دهه هفتاد و هشتادی ها</a>https://www.facebook.com/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF-%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%87-%D9%87%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%88-%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%87%D8%A7-505093803031731/</div>
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۲۰ – <a href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/114261734790222308813" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">گوگل پلاس عصر آنارشیسم</a>https://plus.google.com/u/0/114261734790222308813</div>
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۲۱ – <a href="https://soundcloud.com/radio-anarchy-1" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> ساوندکلاود رادیو آنارشی</a></div>
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۲۲- آدرس ” دختران آنارشیست افغانستان ” در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/dokhtarananarshist_afghanestan</div>
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۲۳- آدرس “دختران آنارشیست افغان ” در فیسبوکhttps://www.facebook.com/Afghan-Anarchist-Girls-116992605591873</div>
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۲۴- آدرس آنارشیستهای رشت در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/anarshist.rasht</div>
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۲۵ – آدرس پیج آنارشیستهای شهر بوکان ( ئانارکیسته کانی بوکان ) در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/bokan_anarchy</div>
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۲۶- آدرس آنارشیستهای اصفهان و شاهین شهر در تلگرامhttps://t.me/Anarshistsh2</div>
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۲۷ – آدرس آنارشیستهای اصفهان و شاهین شهر در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/anarshistshahinshahr</div>
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۲۸- آدرس آنارشیستهای شیراز در تلگرامhttps://t.me/ShirazAnarchist</div>
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۲۹ – آدرس آنارشیستهای شیراز در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/anarchy_shz_ism</div>
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۳۰ – آدرس آنارشیستهای گیلان در اینستاگرامhttps://www.instagram.com/guilan_anarchism</div>
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۳۱ – کانال عصیانگر در تلگرامhttps://t.me/AcabFai</div>
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۳۲ – آدرس کانال ” جوانان آنارشیست ” در تلگرامhttps://t.me/young_anarchists</div>
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۳۳- آدرس آنارشیستهای مشهد در کانال تلگرامhttps://t.me/anarchismera</div>
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۳۴ -آدرس کانال آنارشیستهای تهران در تلگرام</div>
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<a href="http://t.me/tehran_anarchists" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">t.me/tehran_anarchists</a>——————————————–</div>
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۳۵ – <a href="https://twitter.com/anarshist" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس آنارشیستهای قم در توییتر</a></div>
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<a href="https://twitter.com/anarshist" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">twitter.com/anarshist</a>————————————</div>
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۳۶ – <a href="https://www.instagram.com/southanarchists/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس پیج” آنارشیستهای جنوب “در اینستاگرام</a>https://www.instagram.com/southanarchists</div>
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آنارشیستهای جنوب یکی از اعضای تشکیل دهنده ” <a href="http://asranarshism.com/1397/02/27/the-union-of-anarchists/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">اتحادیه آنارشیستهای ایران و افغانستان</a>” می باشند که در ایران حضور دارند.</div>
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۳۷ – <a href="https://www.instagram.com/khurasan_anarch/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس پیج” آنارشیستهای خراسان “در اینستاگرام</a>https://www.instagram.com/khurasan_anarch</div>
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آنارشیستهای خراسان یکی از اعضای تشکیل دهنده ” <a href="http://asranarshism.com/1397/02/27/the-union-of-anarchists/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">اتحادیه آنارشیستهای ایران و افغانستان</a>” می باشند که در ایران حضور دارند.</div>
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۳۸ – آدرس بالاچه عصر آنارشیسم در بالاترینhttps://www.balatarin.com/b/anarchismera</div>
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۳۹ – <a href="https://tauai.wordpress.com/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس وبلاگ اتحادیه آنارشیستهای ایران و افغانستان</a>https://tauai.wordpress.com</div>
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۴۰ – <a href="https://www.facebook.com/TAUAI/?modal=admin_todo_tour" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس اتحادیه آنارشیستهای ایران و افغانستان در فیسبوک</a>https://www.facebook.com/TAUAI/?modal=admin_todo_tour</div>
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۴۱ – <a href="https://www.instagram.com/union9387/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس اتحادیه آنارشیستهای ایران و افغانستان در اینستاگرام</a>https://www.instagram.com/union9387</div>
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۴۲ –<a href="https://www.facebook.com/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2-2021321021440113" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> آدرس پیچ آنارشیستهای اهواز در فیسبوک</a>https://www.facebook.com/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2-2021321021440113</div>
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۴۳ – <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Green-Anarchism-%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B2-229749814516765/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس پیچ آنارشیسم سبز در فیسبوک</a>https://www.facebook.com/Green-Anarchism-%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%B2-229749814516765</div>
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۴۴ – <a href="https://www.instagram.com/javanane_anarshist/" style="background: 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">آدرس پیج جوانان آنارشیست در اینستاگرام</a>https://www.instagram.com/javanane_anarshist</div>
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۴۵ – آدرس کانال جامعه دگرباشان فارسی زبان در تلگرام https://t.me/IRLGBT_CO</div>
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Pablo Herakliohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10166716472135015623noreply@blogger.com0